Skuld ("
debt
Debt is an obligation that requires one party, the debtor, to pay money Loan, borrowed or otherwise withheld from another party, the creditor. Debt may be owed by a sovereign state or country, local government, company, or an individual. Co ...
" or "obligation"; sharing etymology with the English "should") is a
Norn in
Norse mythology
Norse, Nordic, or Scandinavian mythology, is the body of myths belonging to the North Germanic peoples, stemming from Old Norse religion and continuing after the Christianization of Scandinavia as the Nordic folklore of the modern period. The ...
. Along with
Urðr (
Old Norse
Old Norse, also referred to as Old Nordic or Old Scandinavian, was a stage of development of North Germanic languages, North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants ...
"fate"
[Orchard (1997:169).]) and
Verðandi (possibly "happening" or "present"
[Orchard (1997:174).]), Skuld makes up a
trio of Norns that are described as deciding the fates of people. Skuld appears in at least two poems as a
Valkyrie
In Norse mythology, a valkyrie ( or ; from ) is one of a host of female figures who guide souls of the dead to the god Odin's hall Valhalla. There, the deceased warriors become ('single fighters' or 'once fighters').Orchard (1997:36) and Li ...
.
''Poetic Edda''
Skuld is mentioned in ''
Völuspá
''Völuspá'' (also ''Vǫluspá'', ''Vǫlospá'', or ''Vǫluspǫ́''; Old Norse: 'Prophecy of the völva, a seeress') is the best known poem of the ''Poetic Edda''. It dates back to the tenth century and tells the story from Norse Mythology of ...
'', a poem collected in the 13th century ''
Poetic Edda
The ''Poetic Edda'' is the modern name for an untitled collection of Old Norse anonymous narrative poems in alliterative verse. It is distinct from the closely related ''Prose Edda'', although both works are seminal to the study of Old Norse ...
'':
''Prose Edda''
''Gylfaginning''
In the ''
Prose Edda
The ''Prose Edda'', also known as the ''Younger Edda'', ''Snorri's Edda'' () or, historically, simply as ''Edda'', is an Old Norse textbook written in Iceland during the early 13th century. The work is often considered to have been to some exten ...
'' book ''
Gylfaginning
''Gylfaginning'' (Old Norse: 'The Beguiling of Gylfi' or 'The Deluding of Gylfi'; 13th century Old Norse pronunciation ) is the first main part of the 13th century ''Prose Edda'', after the initial Prologue. The ''Gylfaginning'' takes the form of ...
'', Snorri informs the reader that the youngest Norn, Skuld, is in effect also a valkyrie, taking part in the selection of warriors from the slain:
::These are called Valkyrs: them Odin sends to every battle; they determine men's feyness and award victory.
Gudr and
Róta
In Norse mythology, Róta is a valkyrie. Róta is attested in chapter 36 of the ''Prose Edda'' book ''Gylfaginning'', where she is mentioned alongside the valkyries Gunnr and Skuld, and the three are described as "always idingto choose who shall ...
and the youngest Norn, she who is called Skuld, ride ever to take the slain and decide fights."
[''Gylfaginning''](_blank)
in translation by Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur Arthur Gilchrist Brodeur (September 18, 1888 – September 9, 1971) was a scholar of early English, German, and Old Norse literature at the University of California, Berkeley. He is known primarily for his scholarly work on ''Beowulf'' and his ...
(1916), at Sacred Texts.
''Nafnaþulur''
In the ''
Nafnaþulur'' addition to
Snorri Sturluson's Prose Edda
The ''Prose Edda'', also known as the ''Younger Edda'', ''Snorri's Edda'' () or, historically, simply as ''Edda'', is an Old Norse textbook written in Iceland during the early 13th century. The work is often considered to have been to some exten ...
the following sections reference Skuld:
See also
*
Antevorta
*
Atropos
Atropos (; "without turn"), in Greek mythology, was the third of the Three Fates or Moirai, goddesses of fate and destiny. Her Roman equivalent was Morta.
Atropos was one of the Three Fates and was known as "the Inflexible One." It was Atro ...
Notes
References
* Orchard, Andy (1997). ''Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend''.
Cassell.
Norns
Valkyries
Female supernatural figures in Norse mythology
Textiles in folklore
Time and fate goddesses
Gýgjar
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