The Silk Road Fund ( zh, s=丝路基金, t=, p=) is a China Government Guidance Fund to foster increased investment in countries along the

Belt and Road Initiative The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI or B&R), known in China as the One Belt One Road and sometimes referred to as the New Silk Road, is a global infrastructure development strategy adopted by the government of China in 2013 to invest in more t ...

(formerly One Belt, One Road), an economic development initiative primarily covering Eurasia. The Chinese government pledged US$40 billion for the creation of the investment fund, established on 29 December 2014.

Significance

The Silk Road Fund is the only one of China's sovereign funds which was formed with an explicit geo-economic strategic mission. It was created by President

Xi Jinping Xi Jinping, pronounced (born 15 June 1953) is a Chinese politician who has been the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China), chairman of the Central Military Commission ...

to advance the policies and priorities of the Belt and Road Initiative and has closely followed the BRI's focus on infrastructure, connectivity, resource development, and developing industrial capacity. As per China's pledges via the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), the Silk Road Fund is among the Chinese institutions which have provided development funds to African countries. Along with the

China Development Bank China Development Bank (CDB) is a policy bank of China under the State Council. Established in 1994, it has been described as the engine that powers the national government's economic development policies.

and the Export-Import Bank of China, the Silk Road Fund is one of the primary financing sources for BRI projects in Africa.

Personnel

The senior executives are all from four shareholders and officials from People's Bank of China have taken most of the posts as the biggest holder,

State Administration of Foreign Exchange The State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) of the People's Republic of China is an administrative agency under the State Council tasked with drafting rules and regulations governing foreign exchange market activities, and managing the ...

, is a subordinate body of the Central Bank. For instance, the chairman of the board of directors, Jin Qi, was formerly the assistant governor of the

People's Bank of China The People's Bank of China (officially PBC and unofficially PBOC) is the central bank of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for carrying out monetary policy as determined by the ''PRC People's Bank Law'' and the ''PRC Commercia ...

. And the most important executive post, General Manager, was assigned to Wang Yanzhi, the Director of Foreign Exchange Reserves to Entrust Loan Office of

. The structures of board of directors and supervisors represent the balance of power between OBOR related institutions. In the board of directors, four relevant ministries of the

State Council of China The State Council of the People's Republic of China, also known as the Central People's Government, is the chief administrative authority and national cabinet. It is constitutionally the highest administrative organ of the country and the e ...

, including Ministry of Foreign Affairs, National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Commerce, and four shareholders respectively send one midlevel official to delegate in the board. In the board of supervisors, with Yang Zejun, former Secretary-general of the Office of the Central Financial Leadership Group, acting as chairman, senior executives from CIC, CDB and IEBC share the seats with two other staff representatives. The Silk Road Fund's management arm is the Silk Road Fund Company.

Stakeholders

Unlike other funds, whose organizational forms are mainly limited partnership, private equity (PE) in particular, Silk Road Fund is a limited liability company. Its 4 shareholders are: State Administration of Foreign Exchange (65%),

China Investment Corporation China Investment Corporation (CIC) is a sovereign wealth fund that manages part of China's foreign exchange reserves. China's largest sovereign fund, CIC was established in 2007 with about US$200 billion of assets under management. In Mar ...

(15%), Export-Import Bank of China (15%) and

(5%). Its initial capital was US$40 billion and ¥100 billion.

Connections with People's Bank of China

Silk Road Fund is semi-directly under the supervision of People's Bank of China. Its Party Organizational Relations are under the management of PBOC. For instance, on 18 January 2016, the Governor of PBOC, Zhou Xiaochuan participated in the Meeting of Democratic Life with the Party Committee of Silk Road Fund and gave instructions on Fund operation and Party building after the management team reported the work and their criticism and self-criticism. In the Chinese political system, participation in Meeting of Democratic Life means supervision and superiority.

Investments

Until August 2017, the committed investment of Silk Road Fund is US$6 billion and equity investment accounts for nearly 80%, according to the chairman JIN Qi, and the number of its invested projects was 15 by May 2017. * Part of the initial fund was invested in the construction of a Mombasa–Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway. * US$1.65-billion investment in the Karot Hydropower Project and other hydropower projects in the region as part of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor * Acquisition of 9.9% of Yamal LNG project, a liquefied natural gas project in Sabetta, located north-east of the

Yamal Peninsula The Yamal Peninsula () is located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug of northwest Siberia, Russia. It extends roughly 700 km (435 mi) and is bordered principally by the Kara Sea and its Baydaratskaya Bay on the west, and by the G ...

, from Novatek * Dubai Hassyan Clean Coal Powerplant, co-invested with Harbin Electric International of China * 24% equity stake in 4th phase of the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Park, which is the largest single-site investment project that combines CSP and photovoltaic technology using the IPP model. * Acquisition of 9.9% of PJSC SIBUR Holdings, a giant energy company of Russia. * Acquisition of 5% of Autostrade per l'Italia, the major Italian highway concessionaire, covering nearly the whole country (3.000 km) The Karot Hydropower Project was the fund's first project. It was announced on 20 April 2015 during Xi Jinping's visit to Islamabad, Pakistan. The Silk Road Fund is a part owner of the Astana International Financial Centre.

References