A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized

perennial In horticulture, the term perennial ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. It has thus been defined as a plant that lives more than 2 years. The term is also ...

woody plant A woody plant is a plant that produces wood as its structural tissue and thus has a hard stem. In cold climates, woody plants further survive winter or dry season above ground, as opposed to Herbaceous plant, herbaceous plants that die back to t ...

. Unlike

herbaceous plant Herbaceous plants are vascular plants that have no persistent woody stems above ground. This broad category of plants includes many perennials, and nearly all annuals and biennials. Definitions of "herb" and "herbaceous" The fourth edition o ...

s, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from

tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, e.g., including only woody plants with secondary growth, only ...

s by their multiple stems and shorter

height Height is measure of vertical distance, either vertical extent (how "tall" something or someone is) or vertical position (how "high" a point is). For an example of vertical extent, "This basketball player is 7 foot 1 inches in height." For an e ...

, less than tall. Small shrubs, less than tall are sometimes termed as

subshrub A subshrub (Latin ''suffrutex'') or undershrub is either a small shrub (e.g. prostrate shrubs) or a perennial that is largely herbaceous but slightly woody at the base (e.g. garden pink and florist's chrysanthemum). The term is often interch ...

s. Many botanical groups have species that are shrubs, and others that are trees and herbaceous plants instead. Some define a shrub as less than and a tree as over 6 m. Others use as the cutoff point for classification. Many trees do not reach this mature height because of hostile, less than ideal growing conditions, and resemble shrub-sized plants. Others in such species have the potential to grow taller in ideal conditions. For longevity, most shrubs are classified between perennials and trees. Some only last about five years in good conditions. Others, usually larger and more woody, live beyond 70. On average, they die after eight years.

Shrubland Shrubland, scrubland, scrub, brush, or bush is a plant community characterized by vegetation dominance (ecology), dominated by shrubs, often also including grasses, herbaceous plant, herbs, and geophytes. Shrubland may either occur naturally o ...

is the natural landscape dominated by various shrubs; there are many distinct types around the world, including

fynbos Fynbos (; , ) is a small belt of natural shrubland or heathland vegetation located in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. The area is predominantly coastal and mountainous, with a Mediterranean climate. The fynbos ...

, maquis, shrub-steppe, shrub swamp and

moorland Moorland or moor is a type of Habitat (ecology), habitat found in upland (geology), upland areas in temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands and the biomes of montane grasslands and shrublands, characterised by low-growing vegetation on So ...

. In gardens and parks, an area largely dedicated to shrubs (now somewhat less fashionable than a century ago) is called a shrubbery, shrub border or shrub garden. There are many garden

cultivar A cultivar is a kind of Horticulture, cultivated plant that people have selected for desired phenotypic trait, traits and which retains those traits when Plant propagation, propagated. Methods used to propagate cultivars include division, root a ...

s of shrubs, bred for flowering, for example

rhododendron ''Rhododendron'' (; : ''rhododendra'') is a very large genus of about 1,024 species of woody plants in the Ericaceae, heath family (Ericaceae). They can be either evergreen or deciduous. Most species are native to eastern Asia and the Himalayan ...

s, and sometimes even leaf colour or shape. Compared to trees and herbaceous plants, a small number of shrubs have culinary usage. Apart from the several

berry A berry is a small, pulpy, and often edible fruit. Typically, berries are juicy, rounded, brightly colored, sweet, sour or tart, and do not have a stone or pit although many pips or seeds may be present. Common examples of berries in the cul ...

-bearing species (using the culinary rather than botanical definition), few are eaten directly, and they are generally too small for much

timber Lumber is wood that has been processed into uniform and useful sizes (dimensional lumber), including beams and planks or boards. Lumber is mainly used for construction framing, as well as finishing (floors, wall panels, window frames). ...

use unlike trees. Those that are used include several perfumed species such as

lavender ''Lavandula'' (common name lavender) is a genus of 47 known species of perennial flowering plants in the sage family, Lamiaceae. It is native plant, native to the Old World, primarily found across the drier, warmer regions of the Mediterranean ...

and

rose A rose is either a woody perennial plant, perennial flowering plant of the genus ''Rosa'' (), in the family Rosaceae (), or the flower it bears. There are over three hundred Rose species, species and Garden roses, tens of thousands of cultivar ...

, and a wide range of plants with medicinal uses. Tea and

coffee Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted, ground coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content, but decaffeinated coffee is also commercially a ...

are on the tree-shrub boundary; they are normally harvested from shrub-sized plants, but these would be large enough to become small trees if left to grow instead.

Definition

Shrubs are perennial woody plants, and therefore have persistent woody stems above ground (compare with succulent stems of

s). Usually, shrubs are distinguished from trees by their height and multiple stems. Some shrubs are

deciduous In the fields of horticulture and botany, the term deciduous () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed Leaf, leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, aft ...

(e.g. hawthorn) and others

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has Leaf, foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which lose their foliage completely during the winter or dry season. Consisting of many diffe ...

(e.g.

holly ''Ilex'' () or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. ''Ilex'' has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen o ...

Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...

philosopher

Theophrastus Theophrastus (; ; c. 371 – c. 287 BC) was an ancient Greek Philosophy, philosopher and Natural history, naturalist. A native of Eresos in Lesbos, he was Aristotle's close colleague and successor as head of the Lyceum (classical), Lyceum, the ...

divided the plant world into trees, shrubs and herbs. Small, low shrubs, generally less than tall, such as

, periwinkle and most small garden varieties of

, are often termed as

s. Most definitions characterize shrubs as possessing multiple stems with no main trunk below. This is because the stems have branched below ground level. There are exceptions to this, with some shrubs having main trunks, but these tend to be very short and divide into multiple stems close to ground level without a reasonable length beforehand. Many trees can grow in multiple stemmed forms also while being tall enough to be trees, such as oak or ash.

Use in gardens and parks

An area of cultivated shrubs in a

park A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of wildlife or natural habitats. Urban parks are urban green space, green spaces set aside for recreation inside t ...

or a

garden A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the cultivation, display, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The single feature identifying even the wildest wild garden is ''control''. The garden can incorporate bot ...

is known as a shrubbery. When clipped as topiary, suitable species or varieties of shrubs develop dense

foliage A leaf (: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, f ...

and many small leafy branches growing close together. Many shrubs respond well to renewal pruning, in which hard cutting back to a " stool", removes everything but vital parts of the plant, resulting in long new stems known as "canes". Other shrubs respond better to selective pruning to dead or unhealthy, or otherwise unattractive parts to reveal their structure and character. Shrubs in common garden practice are generally considered broad-leaved plants, though some smaller conifers such as mountain pine and common juniper are also shrubby in structure. Species that grow into a shrubby habit may be either

Botanical structure

Scrub brush vegetation in south TX IMG 6069

botany Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially Plant anatomy, their anatomy, Plant taxonomy, taxonomy, and Plant ecology, ecology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who s ...

and

ecology Ecology () is the natural science of the relationships among living organisms and their Natural environment, environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community (ecology), community, ecosystem, and biosphere lev ...

, a shrub is more specifically used to describe the particular physical canopy structure or plant life-form of woody plants which are less than high and usually multiple stems arising at or near the surface of the ground. For example, a descriptive system widely adopted in

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

is based on structural characteristics based on life-form, plus the height and amount of foliage cover of the tallest layer or dominant

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

.Chris Paul (2024)
The Best Evergreen Shrubs for Front Yards
Shrubs Radar, a website all about shrubs. For shrubs that are high, the following structural forms are categorized: * dense foliage cover (70–100%) — closed-shrubs * mid-dense foliage cover (30–70%) — open-shrubs * sparse foliage cover (10–30%) — tall shrubland * very sparse foliage cover (<10%) — tall open shrubland For shrubs less than high, the following structural forms are categorized: * dense foliage cover (70–100%) — closed- heath or closed low shrubland—(''North America'') * mid-dense foliage cover (30–70%) — open-heath or mid-dense low shrubland—(''North America'') * sparse foliage cover (10–30%) — low shrubland * very sparse foliage cover (<10%) — low open shrubland

List

Those marked with * can also develop into tree form if in ideal conditions. ;A * '' Abelia'' (Abelia) * '' Acer'' (Maple) * * ''

Actinidia ''Actinidia'' is a genus of woody and, with a few exceptions, dioecious plants native to temperate eastern Asia, occurring throughout most of China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan, and extending north to southern areas of Russian Far East and south ...

'' (Actinidia) * ''

Aloe ''Aloe'' (; also written ''Aloë'') is a genus containing over 650 species of flowering plant, flowering succulent plant, succulent plants.WFO (2022): Aloe L. Published on the Internet;http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-4000001341. Acc ...

'' (Aloe) * '' Aralia'' (Angelica Tree, Hercules' Club) * * '' Arctostaphylos'' ( Bearberry, Manzanita) * * '' Aronia'' (Chokeberry) * '' Artemisia'' ( Sagebrush) * '' Aucuba'' (Aucuba) ;B * '' Berberis'' (Barberry) * '' Bougainvillea'' (Bougainvillea) * '' Brugmansia'' (Angel's trumpet) * ''

Buddleja ''Buddleja'' (; ''Buddleia''; also historically given as ''Buddlea'') is a genus comprising over 140 species of flowering plants endemicity, endemic to Asia, Africa, and the Americas. The generic name bestowed by Carl Linnaeus, Linnaeus posthu ...

'' (Butterfly bush) * '' Buxus'' (Box) * ;C * '' Calia'' (Mescalbean) * '' Callicarpa'' (Beautyberry) * * '' Callistemon'' (Bottlebrush) * * '' Calluna'' (Heather) * '' Calycanthus'' (Sweetshrub) * '' Camellia'' (Camellia, Tea) * * '' Caragana'' ( Pea-tree) * * '' Carpenteria'' (Carpenteria) * '' Caryopteris'' ( Blue Spiraea) * '' Cassiope'' ( Moss-heather) * '' Ceanothus'' (Ceanothus) * * '' Celastrus'' (Staff vine) * * '' Ceratostigma'' ( Hardy Plumbago) * '' Cercocarpus'' (Mountain-mahogany) * * '' Chaenomeles'' (Japanese Quince) * '' Chamaebatiaria'' (Fernbush) * '' Chamaedaphne'' (Leatherleaf) * '' Chimonanthus'' (Wintersweet) * '' Chionanthus'' (Fringe-tree) * * '' Choisya'' (Mexican-orange Blossom) * * '' Cistus'' (Rockrose) * '' Clerodendrum'' (Clerodendrum) * '' Clethra'' (Summersweet, Pepperbush) * * '' Clianthus'' ( Glory Pea) * '' Colletia'' (Colletia) * '' Colutea'' (Bladder Senna) * '' Comptonia'' (Sweetfern) * '' Cornus'' (Dogwood) * * '' Corylopsis'' (Winter-hazel) * * '' Cotinus'' (Smoketree) * * '' Cotoneaster'' (Cotoneaster) * * '' Cowania'' ( Cliffrose) * ''

Crataegus ''Crataegus'' (), commonly called hawthorn, quickthorn, thornapple, Voss, E. G. 1985. ''Michigan Flora: A guide to the identification and occurrence of the native and naturalized seed-plants of the state. Part II: Dicots (Saururaceae–Cornacea ...

'' (Hawthorn) * * '' Crinodendron'' (Crinodendron) * * '' Cytisus'' and allied genera ( Broom) * ;D * '' Daboecia'' ( Heath) * '' Danae'' (Alexandrian laurel) * '' Daphne'' (Daphne) * '' Decaisnea'' (Decaisnea) * '' Dasiphora'' (Shrubby Cinquefoil) * '' Dendromecon'' (Tree poppy) * '' Desfontainea'' (Desfontainea) * '' Deutzia'' (Deutzia) * '' Diervilla'' (Bush honeysuckle) * '' Dipelta'' (Dipelta) * '' Dirca'' (Leatherwood) * '' Dracaena'' (Dragon tree) * * '' Drimys'' ( Winter's Bark) * * '' Dryas'' (Mountain Avens) ;E * '' Edgeworthia'' (Paper Bush) * * ''

Elaeagnus ''Elaeagnus'' () is a genus of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Elaeagnaceae. Some species of the genus are commonly known as silverberry or oleaster, Description ''Elaeagnus'' plants are deciduous or evergreen shrubs or smal ...

'' (

) * * ''

Embothrium ''Embothrium'' is a genus of two to eight species (depending on taxonomic interpretation) in the plant family Proteaceae, native to southern South America, in Chile and adjacent western Argentina; the genus occurs as far south as Tierra del Fue ...

'' ( Chilean Firebush) * * '' Empetrum'' ( Crowberry) * '' Enkianthus'' ( Pagoda Bush) * '' Ephedra'' (Ephedra) * '' Epigaea'' ( Trailing Arbutus) * '' Erica'' ( Heath) * '' Eriobotrya'' (Loquat) * * '' Escallonia'' (Escallonia) * '' Eucryphia'' (Eucryphia) * * ''

Euonymus ''Euonymus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the staff vine family Celastraceae. Common names vary widely among different species and between different English-speaking countries, but include spindle (or spindle tree), burning-bush, strawb ...

'' (Spindle) * * '' Exochorda'' (Pearl Bush) ;F * '' Fabiana'' (Fabiana) * '' Fallugia'' (Apache Plume) * '' Fatsia'' (Fatsia) * '' Forsythia'' (Forsythia) * '' Fothergilla'' (Fothergilla) * '' Franklinia'' (Franklinia) * * '' Fremontodendron'' (Flannelbush) * '' Fuchsia'' (Fuchsia) * ;G * '' Garrya'' (Silk-tassel) * * '' Gaultheria'' ( Salal) * '' Gaylussacia'' (

Huckleberry Huckleberry is a name used in North America for several plants in the family Ericaceae, in two closely related genera: ''Vaccinium'' and ''Gaylussacia''. Nomenclature The name 'huckleberry' is a North American variation of the English dialectal ...

) * '' Genista'' ( Broom) * * '' Gordonia'' ( Loblolly-bay) * * '' Grevillea'' (Grevillea) * '' Griselinia'' (Griselinia) * ;H * '' Hakea'' (Hakea) * * '' Halesia'' ( Silverbell) * * '' Halimium'' (Rockrose) * '' Hamamelis'' (Witch-hazel) * * '' Hebe'' (Hebe) * ''

Hedera ''Hedera'', commonly called ivy (plural ivies), is a genus of 12–15 species of evergreen climbing or ground-creeping woody plants in the family Araliaceae, native to Western Europe, Central Europe, Southern Europe, Macaronesia, northwestern ...

'' (Ivy) * '' Helianthemum'' (Rockrose) * ''

Hibiscus ''Hibiscus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Malva, mallow family, Malvaceae. The genus is quite large, comprising List of Hibiscus species, several hundred species that are Native plant, native to warm temperate, Subtropics, subtropical ...

'' (Hibiscus) * * ''

Hippophae ''Hippophae'', from Ancient Greek ἵππος (''híppos''), meaning "horse", and φάος (''pháos''), meaning "light", is a genus of flowering plants in the family Elaeagnaceae. They are deciduous shrubs. They are exceptionally hardy plants, ...

'' (Sea-buckthorn) * * '' Hoheria'' (Lacebark) * * '' Holodiscus'' ( Creambush) * '' Hudsonia'' (Hudsonia) * '' Hydrangea'' (Hydrangea) * '' Hypericum'' ( Rose of Sharon) * '' Hyssopus'' (Hyssop) ;I * '' Ilex'' (

Holly ''Ilex'' () or holly is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. ''Ilex'' has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen o ...

) * * '' Illicium'' (

Star Anise ''Illicium verum'' (star anise or badian, Chinese star anise, star anise seed, star aniseed and star of anise) is a medium-sized evergreen tree native to South China and northeast Vietnam. Its star-shaped pericarps harvested just before ripen ...

) * * '' Indigofera'' (Indigo) * '' Itea'' ( Sweetspire) ;J * '' Jamesia'' (Cliffbush) * '' Jasminum'' (Jasmine) * '' Juniperus'' (Juniper) * ;K * '' Kalmia'' (Mountain-laurel) * '' Kerria'' (Kerria) * '' Kolkwitzia'' ( Beauty-bush) ;L * '' Lagerstroemia'' (Crape-myrtle) * * ''

Lapageria ''Lapageria'' is a genus of flowering plants with only one known species, ''Lapageria rosea'', commonly known as Chilean bellflower or copihue (''copeewueh'', from Mapudungun ''kopiwe''). ''Lapageria rosea'' is endemic to Chile and it is the Flo ...

'' (Copihue) * ''

Lantana ''Lantana'' () is a genus of about 150 species of perennial plant, perennial flowering plants in the verbena family, Verbenaceae. They are native to tropics, tropical regions of the Americas and Africa but exist as an introduced species in num ...

'' (Lantana) * '' Lavandula'' (Lavender) * '' Lavatera'' (Tree Mallow) * '' Ledum'' (Ledum) * '' Leitneria'' (Corkwood) * * '' Lespedeza'' (Bush Clover) * * '' Leptospermum'' (Manuka) * * '' Leucothoe'' (Doghobble) * '' Leycesteria'' (Leycesteria) * '' Ligustrum'' (Privet) * * '' Lindera'' (Spicebush) * * '' Linnaea'' (Twinflower) * '' Lonicera'' (Honeysuckle) * ''

Lupinus ''Lupinus'', commonly known as lupin, lupine, or regionally bluebonnet, is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae. The genus includes over 199 species, with centre of diversity, centres of diversity in North America, North and South A ...

'' (Tree Lupin) * '' Lycium'' (Boxthorn) ;M * '' Magnolia'' (Magnolia) * '' Mahonia'' (Mahonia) * '' Malpighia'' ( Acerola) * '' Menispermum'' (Moonseed) * '' Menziesia'' (Menziesia) * ''

Mespilus ''Mespilus'', commonly called medlar, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rosaceae containing the single species '' Mespilus germanica'' of southwest Asia. It is also found in some countries in the Balkans, especially in Albanian, Ma ...

'' ( Medlar) * * '' Microcachrys'' (Microcachrys) * '' Myrica'' (Bayberry) * * '' Myricaria'' (Myricaria) * '' Myrtus'' and allied genera (Myrtle) * ;N * '' Neillia'' (Neillia) * '' Nerium'' (Oleander) ;O * '' Olearia'' (Daisy bush) * * ''

Osmanthus ''Osmanthus'' is a genus of about 30 species of flowering plants in the family Oleaceae. Most of the species are native to eastern Asia (China, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, the Himalayas, etc.) with a few species from the Caucasus, New Cale ...

'' (Osmanthus) ;P * '' Pachysandra'' (Pachysandra) * '' Paeonia'' (Tree-peony) * '' Persoonia'' (Geebungs) * '' Philadelphus'' (Mock orange) * * '' Phlomis'' ( Jerusalem Sage) * '' Photinia'' (Photinia) * * ''

Physocarpus ''Physocarpus'', commonly called ninebark, is a genus of flowering plants in the family (biology), family Rosaceae, native plant, native to North America (most species) and northeastern Asia (one species). Description ''Physocarpus'' are decid ...

'' (Ninebark) * * '' Pieris'' (Pieris) * '' Pistacia'' (

Pistachio The pistachio (, ; ''Pistacia vera'') is a small to medium-sized tree of the Anacardiaceae, cashew family, originating in Iran. The tree produces nut (fruit)#Culinary definition and uses, seeds that are widely consumed as food. In 2022, world ...

, Mastic) * * ''

Pittosporum ''Pittosporum'' ( or The first pronunciation is that expected for traditional English pronunciation of Latin, Anglo-Latin; the second is common in nurseries. ''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607) is a genus of about 250 species of flow ...

'' (Pittosporum) * * '' Plumbago'' (Leadwort) * '' Polygala'' (Milkwort) * '' Poncirus'' * * ''

Prunus ''Prunus'' is a genus of flowering plant, flowering trees and shrubs from the family (biology), family Rosaceae. The genus includes plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots and almonds (collectively Drupe, stonefruit). The genus has a cosm ...

'' (Cherry) * * '' Purshia'' ( Antelope Bush) * '' Pyracantha'' (Firethorn) ;Q * '' Quassia'' (Quassia) * * ''

Quercus An oak is a hardwood tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' of the beech family. They have spirally arranged leaves, often with lobed edges, and a nut called an acorn, borne within a cup. The genus is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisp ...

'' (Oak) * * '' Quillaja'' ( Quillay) * '' Quintinia'' ( Tawheowheo) * ;R * '' Rhamnus'' (Buckthorn) * * ''

Rhododendron ''Rhododendron'' (; : ''rhododendra'') is a very large genus of about 1,024 species of woody plants in the Ericaceae, heath family (Ericaceae). They can be either evergreen or deciduous. Most species are native to eastern Asia and the Himalayan ...

'' (Rhododendron, Azalea) * * '' Rhus'' (Sumac) * * '' Ribes'' (Currant, Gooseberry) * '' Romneya'' (Tree poppy) * '' Rosa'' (Rose) * '' Rosmarinus'' ( Rosemary) * '' Rubus'' ( Bramble,

Raspberry The raspberry is the edible fruit of several plant species in the genus ''Rubus'' of the Rosaceae, rose family, most of which are in the subgenus ''Rubus#Modern classification, Idaeobatus''. The name also applies to these plants themselves. Ras ...

, Salmonberry, Wineberry) * '' Ruta'' ( Rue) ;S * '' Sabia'' * * '' Salix'' (

Willow Willows, also called sallows and osiers, of the genus ''Salix'', comprise around 350 species (plus numerous hybrids) of typically deciduous trees and shrubs, found primarily on moist soils in cold and temperate regions. Most species are known ...

) * * ''

Salvia ''Salvia'' () is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with just under 1,000 species of shrubs, Herbaceous plant, herbaceous Perennial plant, perennials, and Annual plant, annuals. Within the Lamiaceae, ''Salvia'' is part o ...

'' (Sage) * '' Sambucus'' (Elder) * * '' Santolina'' ( Lavender Cotton) * '' Sapindus'' (Soapberry) * * '' Senecio'' (Senecio) * '' Simmondsia'' (Jojoba) * '' Skimmia'' (Skimmia) * '' Smilax'' (Smilax) * '' Sophora'' ( Kōwhai) * * '' Sorbaria'' (Sorbaria) * '' Spartium'' (Spanish Broom) * '' Spiraea'' (Spiraea) * * '' Staphylea'' (Bladdernut) * * '' Stephanandra'' (Stephanandra) * '' Styrax'' * * '' Symphoricarpos'' (Snowberry) * '' Syringa'' ( Lilac) * ;T * '' Tamarix'' (Tamarix) * * '' Taxus'' (Yew) * * '' Telopea'' (Waratah) * * '' Thuja'' cvs. (Arborvitae) * * '' Thymelaea'' * ''

Thymus The thymus (: thymuses or thymi) is a specialized primary lymphoid organ of the immune system. Within the thymus, T cells mature. T cells are critical to the adaptive immune system, where the body adapts to specific foreign invaders. The thymus ...

'' (Thyme) * '' Trochodendron'' * ;U * '' Ulex'' (Gorse) * '' Ulmus pumila celer'' ( Turkestan elm – Wonder Hedge) * '' Ungnadia'' (Mexican Buckeye) ;V * '' Vaccinium'' (

Bilberry Bilberries () are Eurasian low-growing shrubs in the genus ''Vaccinium'' in the flowering plant family Ericaceae that bear edible, dark blue berries. They resemble but are distinct from North American blueberries. The species most often referre ...

, Blueberry, Cranberry) * '' Verbesina centroboyacana'' * '' Verbena'' (Vervain) * '' Viburnum'' (Viburnum) * * '' Vinca'' (Periwinkle) * '' Viscum'' ( Mistletoe) ;W * '' Weigela'' (Weigela) ;X * '' Xanthoceras'' * '' Xanthorhiza'' (Yellowroot) * '' Xylosma'' ;Y * '' Yucca'' (Yucca, Joshua tree) * ;Z * ''

Zanthoxylum ''Zanthoxylum'' is a genus of about 250 species of deciduous and evergreen trees, shrubs and climbers in the Family (biology), family Rutaceae that are native to warm temperate and Subtropics, subtropical areas worldwide. It is the type gen ...

'' * * '' Zauschneria'' * '' Zenobia'' * '' Ziziphus'' *

References

{{Authority control Plants Plant morphology Lists of plants Plant life-forms Plants by habit