Short Drama

Duanju ( zh, s=短剧, t=短劇, hp=duǎn jù}), sometimes translated in English as short drama, vertical drama, microdrama, minidrama or mobile drama, is a type of short form web or television series that has gained popularity in China. These series are mostly adapted from Chinese web fictions and are released on new media platforms such as TikTok/Douyin (抖音 in China). Each episode is very short, usually around 1 to 2 minutes in length. While the duration of a single episode may range from 1 to 6 minutes, episodes longer than 3 minutes are relatively rare. A full series may include anywhere from 20 to 100 episodes, making the total runtime comparable to that of one or two full-length movies. Usually created for mobile platforms, many duanju are produced directly in vertical format to facilitate mobile viewing. They are optimized for vertical viewing on smartphones, catering to audiences who prefer bite-sized entertainment that fits into fragmented viewing habits. Because of their short length and mobile-first design, duanju are sometimes referred to as short dramas, vertical dramas, micro-dramas, or mobile dramas in English. Short dramas are sometimes adapted into interactive movie games. In terms of storyline, these Chinese short dramas can be compared to soap operas in English speaking countries, although in a faster-paced style.

History

Duanju originates from Chinese Web fictions that started around 2002. These fictions were written by users on websites such as Qidian and were released in installments, where readers had the option to pay per chapter or a subscription.

Video-form duanju started in 2013 on Youku Tudou before moving to apps like TikTok, ReelShort, DramaBox, GoodShort, and Kuiashou. By 2023 the audience for duanju reached about 1.6 billion people.

Production

Unlike the majority of content submitted to apps like TikTok, duanju are professionally-generated rather than user-generated. Chinese production companies hire professional actors and crew to shoot and edit the content.

In China, duanju often are filmed in less than two weeks and on a very small budget. The shows are typically freemium, offering a few episodes for free before monetizing the shows through a variety of means, including video-on-demand, subscription based models.

Chinese production companies have started collaborating with their American and British counterparts to bring the content to English-speaking audiences. This is done either by dubbing the existing Chinese shorts or by re-creating the entire series with English-speaking actors. Productions in these countries are also on a very small budget and can be filmed in as little as 10 days for an entire season.

Impact

Duanju (short drama or vertical drama) are one of the biggest growth sectors in China's entertainment industry. In 2024, the market exceeded 50 billion yuan ($6.8 billion USD), which made it one of the most profitable and lucrative sectors of the Chinese entertainment industry.

Examples

* ''Kaibo! Duanju Ji'' (On Air! Micro-Drama Season) - Reached nearly 100 million views
* Unparalled - earned gross revenue of $14 million after eight days of release
* Take Me Home (金猪玉叶) - produced by Stephen Chow
* "Billionaire hides his identity, works as a delivery boy but Sexy female CEO loves him at all costs"
* "Worldwide Prices Plummet by 10,000 Times, I Become the World's Wealthiest"
* "Global IQ Drops by 10,000 Times, I Become the World's Smartest Person"
* "Global Freeze, I Built a Doomsday Safe House"
* "After the divorce, I resumed my status as a rich lady. My ex-husband regretted it"

Copyright controversies

Due to the short production cycle and low cost, if a script becomes popular, many companies will rush to imitate it, resulting in the same plot flooding the internet, leading to sense of exhaustion, infringing on the original creator's copyright and other intellectual property rights.

See also

* ReelShort
* DramaBox

References

{{China-stub

Chinese web series