Sherman, Michigan
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Sherman is an
unincorporated community An unincorporated area is a parcel of land that is not governed by a local general-purpose municipal corporation. (At p. 178.) They may be governed or serviced by an encompassing unit (such as a county) or another branch of the state (such as th ...
in Wexford County in the U.S. state of
Michigan Michigan ( ) is a peninsular U.S. state, state in the Great Lakes region, Great Lakes region of the Upper Midwest, Upper Midwestern United States. It shares water and land boundaries with Minnesota to the northwest, Wisconsin to the west, ...
. As an unincorporated community, Sherman has no legally defined boundaries or population statistics of its own. The community is located in the northwest portion of the county at the corner of four townships:
Antioch Antioch on the Orontes (; , ) "Antioch on Daphne"; or "Antioch the Great"; ; ; ; ; ; ; . was a Hellenistic Greek city founded by Seleucus I Nicator in 300 BC. One of the most important Greek cities of the Hellenistic period, it served as ...
,
Hanover Hanover ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the States of Germany, German state of Lower Saxony. Its population of 535,932 (2021) makes it the List of cities in Germany by population, 13th-largest city in Germany as well as the fourth-l ...
, Springville, and
Wexford Wexford ( ; archaic Yola dialect, Yola: ''Weiseforthe'') is the county town of County Wexford, Republic of Ireland, Ireland. Wexford lies on the south side of Wexford Harbour, the estuary of the River Slaney near the southeastern corner of the ...
. Settled as early as 1862, it was one of the earliest settlements in Wexford County and served as the first
county seat A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or parish (administrative division), civil parish. The term is in use in five countries: Canada, China, Hungary, Romania, and the United States. An equiva ...
from 1869 until 1881. Sherman incorporated as a
village A village is a human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Although villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban v ...
in 1887. A series of fires and population loss caused it to be nearly deserted after 1920, and the village disincorporated around 1940.


Geography

Sherman is a small community located in northwestern Wexford County in
Northern Michigan Northern Michigan (also known as Northern Lower Michigan and colloquially within Michigan as "Up North") is a region of the U.S. state of Michigan. The region, which is distinct from the more northerly Upper Peninsula of Michigan, Upper Peninsul ...
. It is part of the
Cadillac micropolitan area The Cadillac micropolitan area is a micropolitan statistical area (μSA) defined by the United States Census Bureau as an area encompassing two counties (Missaukee County, Michigan, Missaukee and Wexford County, Michigan, Wexford) in the U.S. sta ...
. The community sits at the corner of four different
civil township A civil township is a widely used unit of local government in the United States that is subordinate to a County (United States), county, most often in the northern and midwestern parts of the country. The term town is used in New England town, Ne ...
s: Wexford Township to the northwest, Hanover Township to the northeast, Springville Township to the southwest, and Antioch Township to the southeast. Sherman sits at an elevation of above sea level. The community is located about north of the city of the
Cadillac Cadillac Motor Car Division, or simply Cadillac (), is the luxury vehicle division (business), division of the American automobile manufacturer General Motors (GM). Its major markets are the United States, Canada and China; Cadillac models are ...
. M-37 (North 13 Road) is the main roadway through the community, and M-115 (Cadillac Highway) intersects with M-33 about to the south in the village
Mesick Mesick ( ) is a village in Wexford County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 397 at the 2020 census. The majority of the village is located within Springville Township with a very small portion extending east into Antioch Towns ...
. The village of Buckley is located about north along M-37. Other nearby unincorporated communities include Bagnall and Glengary to the west, Wexford Corner to the north,
Harlan Harlan is a given name and a surname which may refer to: Surname * Abram D. Harlan (1833–1908), American politician from Pennsylvania * Bob Harlan (born 1936 Robert E. Harlan), American football executive * Bruce Harlan (1926–1959), America ...
to the northwest, Meauwataka to the southwest, and Baxter to the northeast. Briar Hill is located near Sherman to the southeast in Antioch Township. At above sea level, it is one of the highest elevations in the state's Lower Peninsula. The surrounding area is part of the Briar Hills Area in the
Manistee National Forest The Manistee National Forest is a national forest located in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. It has a total area of . It was established in 1938, and combined with the Huron National Forest in 1945 for administrative purposes, creating the Huro ...
. The
Manistee River The Manistee River ( ', seldom referred to as the Big Manistee River) is a U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map, accessed November 21, 2011 river in the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. s ...
flows just north of the center of the community. This portion of the river is routinely monitored by the state and is a popular location for boating and fishing. The M-37 bridge crossing at this point is called the Sherman Bridge. The
North Country Trail The North Country Trail (NCT, officially designated the North Country National Scenic Trail) is a long-distance hiking trail in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern and Northeastern United States, Northeastern United States. The trail exten ...
runs through Sherman along M-37 across the bridge and following the river. Burkett Creek is a small tributary of the Manistee River and flows just to the south. Sherman no longer contains its own post office and is served by the Mesick 49668 ZIP Code. The community is served by Mesick Consolidated Schools.


History

The first white settler in the area was Benjamin Hall. In 1862, he built his cabin in what would later become Hanover Township in unorganized Wexford County near the
Manistee River The Manistee River ( ', seldom referred to as the Big Manistee River) is a U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map, accessed November 21, 2011 river in the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. s ...
. The area was along the Northport State Road, which followed primitive Indian trails leading to the heavily forested areas of Northern Michigan. A bridge was first constructed across the river in 1864, which eventually allowed travel further north to the settlement of
Traverse City Traverse City ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Grand Traverse County, although it partly extends into Leelanau County. The city's population was 15,678 at the 2020 census, while the four-county Traverse C ...
. In 1867, Lewis J. Clark opened a
general store A general merchant store (also known as general merchandise store, general dealer, village shop, or country store) is a rural or small-town store that carries a general line of merchandise. It carries a broad selection of merchandise, someti ...
nearby and moved into the area by the following year. Due to the bridge crossing and its location along the river, the new community became known as Manistee Bridge, and a post office opened under that name on February 3, 1868. John Perry served as the first postmaster, and the community was soon renamed Sherman after famed
Civil War A civil war is a war between organized groups within the same Sovereign state, state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies.J ...
general
William Sherman William Tecumseh Sherman ( ; February 8, 1820February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, educator, and author. He served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861–1865), earning recognition for his comm ...
. The name was chosen by landowner Sanford Gasser, who officially
plat In the United States, a plat ( or ) (plan) is a cadastral map, drawn to scale, showing the divisions of a piece of land. United States General Land Office surveyors drafted township plats of Public Lands Survey System, Public Lands Surveys to ...
ted the community under that name in 1869. At the time, the only homesteads belonged to Clark, Gasser, and Perry. Clark operated his general store, while Perry briefly operated the county's second sawmill just east of Sherman. Wexford County was created by legislation in 1840 but not formally organized until 1869. Being one of the earliest settlements in the county, Sherman was selected as the first
county seat A county seat is an administrative center, seat of government, or capital city of a county or parish (administrative division), civil parish. The term is in use in five countries: Canada, China, Hungary, Romania, and the United States. An equiva ...
in 1869. At the time, the majority of the residents in the county lived near Sherman, and nearly all of them came from the state of
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...
. In an attempt to settle the area, many Civil War veterans moved here and took advantage of government land subsidies. The lumber and railroad industry was also beginning to expand into
Northern Michigan Northern Michigan (also known as Northern Lower Michigan and colloquially within Michigan as "Up North") is a region of the U.S. state of Michigan. The region, which is distinct from the more northerly Upper Peninsula of Michigan, Upper Peninsul ...
, which also brought many more settlers. The earliest industries in Sherman focused on the lumber industry, and numerous sawmills were constructed to exploit the area's ample lumber resources. The community's location near the Manistee River made it easy to float lumber down the river to nearby sawmills. The county completed a two-story courthouse in Sherman by 1872. The other county settlements of Clam Lake, Manton, and Meauwataka also vied for the county seat, but the new courthouse solidified Sherman's status as the first county seat of Wexford County. By 1872, Sherman was thriving and had a population of around 400 residents. The community contained two hotels, general stores, mechanic shops, a pharmacy, and several sawmills. By 1877, the town was flourishing and now contained two churches, a newspaper, several flour mills, numerous professional offices, and more sawmills.


Battle of Manton

Even though Sherman was designated as the county seat and held the government courthouse and records, the other communities continued to fight in a
county seat war A county seat war is an American phenomenon that occurred mainly in the Old West as it was being settled and county lines determined. Incidents elsewhere, such as in Michigan, Appalachian Ohio, and West Virginia, have also been recorded. As ...
for the opportunity to become the county seat of Wexford County. The heated dispute began as soon as the courthouse was completed in 1872. This argument, known as the Battle of Sherman or now more commonly as the Battle of Manton, continued through the decade of the 1870s. By 1877, the argument intensified as Clam Lake (now incorporated as the city of
Cadillac Cadillac Motor Car Division, or simply Cadillac (), is the luxury vehicle division (business), division of the American automobile manufacturer General Motors (GM). Its major markets are the United States, Canada and China; Cadillac models are ...
) and the village of Manton had growing populations. The argument also involved all the county townships, and the government meetings became very tense. On several occasions, physical violence ensued when the county records were attempted to be stolen by force from the courthouse in Sherman. Prominent Cadillac businessman and mayor George A. Mitchell once led a coalition to Sherman and attempted to bribe local officials to hand over the records. Warren Seaman was the township supervisor of Cedar Creek Township, where the village of Manton was located. He passively sided with Cadillac in the county seat argument. In response, he was kidnapped and forced to resign as township supervisor in favor of a pro-Manton supervisor. Numerous bribes, political scandals, controversies, and threats of violence took place, as Cadillac, Manton, and Sherman advocates battled for the right to serve as the county seat. A militia even attempted to kidnap another township supervisor and force him to vote in favor of Cadillac for county seat, but the plot failed when the voting meeting turned into chaos. Sherman officials remained confident in retaining the status as county seat, and they survived a county-wide April 1879 election that voted 971–290 in favor of Sherman as the county seat over Manton. In 1880, Sherman would ultimately lose the battle when the community suffered a devastating fire that destroyed most of its businesses. The courthouse remained standing, but the destruction in Sherman forced the county to move its government offices and records to Manton. This effectively surrendered Sherman as the county seat of Wexford County, and Manton was designated as the new tentative county seat in 1881. The battle for the county seat continued among Cadillac and Manton, while Sherman struggled to rebuild itself. A controversial vote in 1882 gave Cadillac, which had a substantially larger population, the right to serve as the permanent county seat.


Village of Sherman

Following the fire in 1880, the community was quickly rebuilt. In 1885, the former courthouse was purchased by the community and converted into a school. Sherman formally incorporated as a
village A village is a human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand. Although villages are often located in rural areas, the term urban v ...
in 1887 in anticipation of the expanding railway. A formal map of the village was published in 1889. Although it was incorporated at the time, it was not recorded in the
1890 census The 1890 United States census was taken beginning June 2, 1890. The census determined the resident population of the United States to be 62,979,766, an increase of 25.5 percent over the 50,189,209 persons enumerated during the 1880 census. The ...
. The Toledo, Ann Arbor, and North Michigan Railway expanded its railroad lines into the area by 1890. However, the residents of Sherman were devastated when the railway did not expand north to the community. The railway was built through the nearby community of
Mesick Mesick ( ) is a village in Wexford County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 397 at the 2020 census. The majority of the village is located within Springville Township with a very small portion extending east into Antioch Towns ...
just to the south but then continued west instead of expanding slightly north to Sherman. Despite no direct railway access, the community was thriving by 1895. At the time, Sherman contained five sawmills, a bank, two pharmacies, doctors, saloons, and numerous other businesses. The most prominent structure within the community was the Exchange Hotel, which was a three-story hotel that contained 37 rooms. In 1900, a
telegraph station Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas pi ...
was built in Sherman. At the
1900 census The 1900 United States census, conducted by the Census Office on June 1, 1900, determined the resident population of the United States to be 76,212,168, an increase of 21.01% from the 62,979,766 persons enumerated during the 1890 census. It was ...
, the village recorded a population of 427. At the time, Sherman was one of the fastest growing communities in
Northern Michigan Northern Michigan (also known as Northern Lower Michigan and colloquially within Michigan as "Up North") is a region of the U.S. state of Michigan. The region, which is distinct from the more northerly Upper Peninsula of Michigan, Upper Peninsul ...
, but a lack of direct railroad access halted further development. Sherman continued as a lumber community and stopover for travelers. However, another devastating fire in 1909 destroyed most of the community and the entire business district, with the Exchange Hotel remaining as the only standing business. This forced any remaining lumber companies and many residents to leave Sherman. The post office was also disestablished soon after. At the
1910 census The 1910 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau on April 15, 1910, determined the resident population of the United States to be 92,228,496, an increase of 21 percent over the 76,212,168 persons enumerated during the 1900 census. ...
, the village population decreased to 260 residents. In 1919, the original M-42 state highway was commissioned and ran directly through Sherman along the original route of the Northport State Road. This short state highway ran from Manton to near
Traverse City Traverse City ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Grand Traverse County, although it partly extends into Leelanau County. The city's population was 15,678 at the 2020 census, while the four-county Traverse C ...
. However, the highway did not help the fledgling community. As an incorporated village, Sherman was last recorded during the
1920 census The 1920 United States census, conducted by the Census Bureau during one month from January 5, 1920, determined the resident population of the United States to be 106,021,537, an increase of 15.0 percent over the 92,228,496 persons enumerated d ...
with a population of 108 residents. Soon after, the village became mostly abandoned and did not record a population in future censuses. Although the village remained incorporated, it apparently had very few residents and no elected officials. The school, which occupied the former courthouse, closed in 1937. The village of Sherman disincorporated around 1940 and returned to the status of an
unincorporated community An unincorporated area is a parcel of land that is not governed by a local general-purpose municipal corporation. (At p. 178.) They may be governed or serviced by an encompassing unit (such as a county) or another branch of the state (such as th ...
.


Recent history

Following its loss of population and village status by 1940, Sherman was mostly abandoned. The streets became overgrown with weeds, and many remaining structures fell into disrepair. In 1940, the main roadway of M-42 was redesignated as part of the longer M-37, which continues to run through the center of the community. By 1968, Sherman had one grocery store and gas station. The site of the now-demolished courthouse in Sherman was dedicated as the First Wexford Courthouse
Michigan State Historic Site The Michigan State Historic Preservation Office is one of 59 state historic preservation offices established according to the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 that plays a role in implementing federal historic preservation policy in th ...
on February 28, 1969. The historic marker stands in the northern part of the community at M-37 and Manistee Street. The struggle for the county seat of Wexford County was commemorated with the Battle of Manton state historic marker on June 18, 1970. This marker is located to the east in the city of Manton. Sherman continues to exist as an unincorporated community just north of the village of
Mesick Mesick ( ) is a village in Wexford County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 397 at the 2020 census. The majority of the village is located within Springville Township with a very small portion extending east into Antioch Towns ...
along M-37. The community has a small permanent population and a few small businesses; although, it may still be considered a ghost town due to its decline and lack of growth after the 1920s.


Notable people

* Ed Wheeler, professional baseball player for the
Brooklyn Superbas The Brooklyn Dodgers were a Major League Baseball team founded in 1883 as the Brooklyn Grays. In 1884, it became a member of the American Association as the Brooklyn Atlantics before joining the National League in 1890. They remained in Brookl ...
in 1902, born in Sherman.


References

{{Wexford County, Michigan Unincorporated communities in Michigan Unincorporated communities in Wexford County, Michigan Populated places established in 1862 1862 establishments in Michigan Former villages in Michigan Former county seats in Michigan