The House of Sheremetev () was one of the wealthiest and most influential

Russian noble families Russian(s) may refer to: *Russians (), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *A citizen of Russia *Russian language, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages *''The Russians'', a b ...

, descending from Feodor Koshka.

History

The family held many high commanding ranks in the Russian military, governorships and eventually the rank of

Count Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...

of the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

Notable members

* Yelena Sheremeteva, third wife of Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich (1554–1581), son of

Ivan the Terrible Ivan IV Vasilyevich (; – ), commonly known as Ivan the Terrible,; ; monastic name: Jonah. was Grand Prince of Moscow, Grand Prince of Moscow and all Russia from 1533 to 1547, and the first Tsar of all Russia, Tsar and Grand Prince of all R ...

. *

Fedor Sheremetev Fyodor Ivanovich Sheremetev (, c. 1570–1650) was a Russian statesman in Tsar Mikhail's times, head of government in 1613–18 and 1642–46. Life Sheremetev descended from the same old Moscow milieu as the Romanovs; he was their relative and s ...

(1570–1650) cousin of Tsar Michael I and head of government in 1613–18 and 1642–46 *

Vasily Borisovich Sheremetev Vasily Borisovich Sheremetev () (1622 - 24 April 1682)Chukhlib, Taras. Vasily Borisovich Sheremetev (ШЕРЕМЕТЄВ ВАСИЛЬ БОРИСОВИЧ)'. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine. 2013 was a Russian military commander and state offic ...

(1622–1682) fought in Ukraine * Count Boris Sheremetev (1652–1719) military leader and diplomat during the Great Northern War * Count Pyotr Borisovich Sheremetev (1713—1788) son of Boris; courtier and noted patron of Russian theater * Princess Natalia Borisovna Dolgorukova, daughter of Boris and wife of Prince Ivan Dolgorukov * Count Nikolai Petrovich Sheremetev (1751–1809) son of Pyotr; noted patron of Russian theater *

Praskovia Kovalyova-Zhemchugova Praskovia Ivanovna Kovalyova-Zhemchugova (; July 20, 1768 – February 23, 1803) was a Russian serf actress and soprano opera singer. Career Praskovia was one of the best opera singers in eighteenth-century Russia. and Figes describes h ...

, a serf woman belonging to the Sheremetev family, who became an actress in the Sheremetev Serf Theatre and later married Nikolai Sheremetev * Count Aleksandr Dmitriyevich Sheremetev (1859–1931) grandson of Nikolai and son of Dmitri; conductor, composer and entrepreneur * Count Pierre

Sheremetev The House of Sheremetev () was one of the wealthiest and most influential Russian noble families, descending from Feodor Koshka. History The family held many high commanding ranks in the Russian military, governorships and eventually the ra ...

, noted patron of the

Conservatoire Rachmaninoff The Conservatoire Serge Rachmaninoff de Paris ( English translation: Sergei Rachmaninoff Conservatory of Paris) is a professional music school in Paris, which conducts its courses in both French and Russian. The Conservatoire offers individual ...

in Paris *

Romuald Szeremietiew Romuald Szeremietiew (; born 25 October 1945) is a Polish politician, columnist, habilitated doctor of military sciences and associated professor at the National Defence University of Warsaw, Academy of National Defense and the War Studies Acade ...

(born 1945), Polish politician and independence activist in the

Confederation of Independent Poland Confederation of Independent Poland (KPN, ) was a Polish nationalist political party founded on 1 September 1979 by Leszek Moczulski and others declaring support for the pre-war traditions of Sanacja and Józef Piłsudski. It was the first ind ...

. The

Sheremetyevo International Airport Sheremetyevo International Airport (, , Internal code: ШРМ) is one of four international airports that serve the city of Moscow. It is the busiest airport in Russia and the post-Soviet states, as well as the ninth-busiest airport in Euro ...

, built in the 1950s and named from the nearby settlement of (dating from about 1901), from its railway-station and from the railway-line founder (1844-1918), indirectly commemorates the family.

Etymology

Russian surnames are gender sensitive, the masculine form of the name being ''Sheremetev'' (''Шереметев'') and the feminine being rendered as ''Sheremeteva'' (''Шереметева''). There are three theories about the origin of the surname, all of them indicate a

Tatar Tatar may refer to: Peoples * Tatars, an umbrella term for different Turkic ethnic groups bearing the name "Tatar" * Volga Tatars, a people from the Volga-Ural region of western Russia * Crimean Tatars, a people from the Crimea peninsula by the B ...

and eastern origin for the family. One theory proposes that the name originated with the Turkic

Chuvash language Chuvash ( , ; , , ) is a Turkic languages, Turkic language spoken in European Russia, primarily in the Chuvashia, Chuvash Republic and adjacent areas. It is the only surviving member of the Oghur languages, Oghur branch of Turkic languages ...

word ''seremet'' (''шеремет''), meaning "poor man". Another theory translates the nickname ''Seremet'' as "having light steps", "hot" (about a horse), while the third theory suggests that the name originates with the

/Turkic-Persian ''shir Akhmat,'' which literally translates to "Tiger Ahmet" and can be read as both "brave Ahmet" and "Pious Ahmet."

References

{{Authority control Russian noble families