Sheikh Mustafa (1836 – 25 July 1888), known as Sheikh Mustafa Waliullah (

Tamil Tamil may refer to: People, culture and language * Tamils, an ethno-linguistic group native to India, Sri Lanka, and some other parts of Asia **Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka ** Myanmar or Burmese Tamils, Tamil people of Ind ...

: அஷ் செய்கு முஸ்தபா(வலியுல்லாஹ்) இப்னு பாவா ஆதம்) was an

Islamic scholar In Islam, the ''ulama'' ( ; also spelled ''ulema''; ; singular ; feminine singular , plural ) are scholars of Islamic doctrine and law. They are considered the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious knowledge in Islam. "Ulama ...

from Sri Lanka. He was also a poet and

Sufi Sufism ( or ) is a mysticism, mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic Tazkiyah, purification, spirituality, ritualism, and Asceticism#Islam, asceticism. Practitioners of Sufism are r ...

. Sheikh Mustafa was founder of the Qadiriyyathun Nabaviyyah

Sufi order A ''tariqa'' () is a religious order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking , which translates as "ultimate truth". A tariqa has a (guide) who plays the r ...

Early life

Sheikh Mustafa was born in

Beruwala Beruwala ( Sinhala:බේරුවල Tamil: பேருவளை) is a large town in Kalutara District, Western Province, Sri Lanka, governed by an Urban Council. The town covers a total area of approximately and is located on the south-west ...

, Sri Lanka. His father Baawa Aadam was a descendant from Sultan Jamaluddeen bin Alawuddeen dunnurainul Usmani, who was a descendant of

Caliph A caliphate ( ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with Khalifa, the title of caliph (; , ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of ...

Uthman ibn Affan Uthman ibn Affan (17 June 656) was the third caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate, ruling from 644 until Assassination of Uthman, his assassination in 656. Uthman, a second cousin, son-in-law, and notable Companions of the Prophet, companion of ...

, the third

Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world ...

. Sultan Jamaluddeen bin Halauddeen ruled

Konya Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium. In 19th-century accounts of the city in En ...

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

. Sultan Jamaluddeen and his eleven companions migrated to

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...

. King Wasanthahimiyaya ruled

at that time. King honoured Sultan Jamaluddeen and granted posts to him and his friends according to their status. Sultan Jamaluddeen married the King's sister. Later Sultan Jamaluddeen's friends settled in different places in

such as

Colombo Colombo, ( ; , ; , ), is the executive and judicial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka by population. The Colombo metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of 5.6 million, and 752,993 within the municipal limits. It is the ...

Galle Galle (, ; , ) (formerly ) is a major city on the southwestern tip of Sri Lanka, south of Colombo. Galle is the provincial capital and largest city of Southern Province, Sri Lanka and is the capital of Galle District. Galle was known as ''Gi ...

Hambantota Hambantota (, ) is the main city in Hambantota District, Southern Province, Sri Lanka, Southern Province, Sri Lanka. This area was hit hard by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and underwent a number of maj ...

and

Batticaloa Batticaloa (, ''Maṭṭakkaḷappu'', ; , ''Maḍakalapuwa'', ) is a major city in the Eastern Province, Sri Lanka, and its former capital. It is the administrative capital of the Batticaloa District. The city is the seat of the Eastern Univers ...

. They proved influential in mathematics,

astronomy Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and their overall evolution. Objects of interest includ ...

, medicine and science. Sheikh Mustafa's father died when he was four and his mother died several years later. After his mother's death, he entered his sister's care.

Education

Sheikh Mustafa went Kayalpattinam,

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

for

Islamic education Islamic education may refer to: *Islamic studies, the academic study of Islam and Islamic culture *Madrasah, the Arabic word for any type of educational institution * Islamic Education Society, an Islamic organization in India *Education in Islam ...

at the age of twelve. He studied under various scholars in Kayalpatnam. Specially he studied under Palayam Habib Muhammad Alim and tayka sahib Wali . Later he travelled to

Makkah Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above sea level. Its metropo ...

and studied under scholars such

Shaykh al-Islam Sheikh ( , , , , ''shuyūkh'' ) is an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning " elder". It commonly designates a tribal chief or a Muslim scholar. Though this title generally refers to men, there are also a small number of ...

Ahmad Zayni Dahlan Ahmad Zayni Dahlan () (1816–1886) was the Grand Mufti of Mecca between 1871 and his death. He also held the position of Shaykh al-Islam in the Hejaz and Imam al-Haramayn (Imam of the two holy cities, Mecca and Medina). Theologically and juridi ...

, As-Sheikh Hisbullah Makki, As-Sheikh Abdul Hameed Sarwani.

Later life

He returned to

after his Islamic Education and began teaching. He met Sheikh Ahmed Ibn Mubarak, who was an Islamic Scholar from Hadarmout,

Yemen Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen, is a country in West Asia. Located in South Arabia, southern Arabia, it borders Saudi Arabia to Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, the north, Oman to Oman–Yemen border, the northeast, the south-eastern part ...

, while he was studying in Kayalpattinam, India. Later Shiekh Mustafa met Ahmed Ibn Mubarak Mowlana in

and became his spiritual follower. Sheikh Mubarak Moulana founded the Qadiriyyathun Nabaviyyah Tariqa Sufi order which is a branch of

Qadiriya The Qadiriyya () or the Qadiri order () is a Sunni Sufi order (''Tariqa'') founded by Abdul Qadir Gilani (1077–1166, also transliterated ''Jilani''), who was a Hanbali scholar from Gilan, Iran. The order, with its many sub-orders, is widespre ...

Tariqa A ''tariqa'' () is a religious order of Sufism, or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking , which translates as "ultimate truth". A tariqa has a (guide) who plays the ...

. Sheikh Mubarak Moulana and Sheikh Mustafa travelled around

to places such as

, Balapitiya, Thunduwa,

Kahatowita Kahatowita(Sinhala language, sinhala:කහටෝවිට Tamil language, Tamil:கஹடோவிட) is one of a village in Attanagalla electorate, Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka, Western Province, Sri Lanka. Geography and cli ...

, Malwana, Viyangalla and other places and they established a Takkiya (Sufi meditation center) in those villages. They founded a Takkiya (Sufi meditation center) in Beruwela. This Takkiya is the headquarters of the Qadiriyyathun Nabaviyyah Tariqa in Sri Lanka. Sheikh Mubarak Moulana later gave Ijaaza and granted the Khilafa of Qadiriyyathun Nabaviyyah Tariqa Sufi order to Sheikh Musthafa. Sheikh Mubarak Moulana died in the year 1862. His body is buried in

. Sheikh Musthafa became the leader of the Qadiriyyathun Nabaviyyah Tariqa. Sheikh Ahdal Mowlana who is the Islamic scholar from Yemen came to Sri Lanka and met Sheikh Mustafa in Beruwela. Both of them initiated the Saheehul Bukhari annual commemoration feasts (popularly known as Beruwela Bukhari Feast) in Beruwela Takkiya. He performed his sixth and last

Hajj Hajj (; ; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims. Hajj is a mandatory religious duty for capable Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetim ...

in 1888. He died on 25 July 1888 in

. His body is buried in Jannathul Mualla, Makkah, in the vicinity of

Khadija bint Khuwaylid Khadija bint Khuwaylid (November 619) was the first wife of Muhammad. Born into an aristocratic clan of the Quraysh, she was an affluent merchant in her own right and was known to have a noble personality within her tribe. In his early 20s, she e ...

grave. Sheikh Mustafa was the first Ajami (non-Arabi) who is buried in Jannathul Mualla,

Works

Sheikh Mustafa was one of great scholar who contribute to

Arwi Arwi ( ) or Arabu-Tamil (, is an Arabic-influenced dialect of the Tamil language written with an extension of the Arabic alphabet, with extensive lexical and phonetic influences from the Arabic language. Arwi has been used extensively by the ...

(Arabic-Tamil). Fathur Rahman Tafseer

*''Fathhur-Rahma Fi Tarjimati Tafsir al-Quran'' (Qur'an translation) Sheikh Mustafa wrote many books on a variety of religious and social topics and was the first person to translate the

Qur'an The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God ('' Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which consist of individual verses ('). Besides ...

into Arabic Tamil under the title ''Fathhur-Rahma Fi Tarjimati Tafsir al-Quran''. This was published in five volumes in Hijri 1291/1874.Torsten Tschacher (2001). ''Islam in Tamilnadu: Varia.'' (Südasienwissenschaftliche Arbeitsblätter 2.) Halle: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg. . (Online versions available on the websites of the university libraries at Heidelberg and Halle
http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/savifadok/volltexte/2009/1087/pdf/Tschacher.pdf
an
http://www.suedasien.uni-halle.de/SAWA/Tschacher.pdf
. *''Mizan Maalai'' is an Arabic Tamil poetry book which includes 149 poems which is the first printed Tamil (Arwi)book in Tamil printing History in Sri Lanka. This book briefly discuss about the Islamic Aqida . *Kawaithul Bawaarikkul Hidaayaa (

Fiqh ''Fiqh'' (; ) is the term for Islamic jurisprudence.Fiqh
Encyclopædia Britannica ''Fiqh'' is of ...

book) *Baakiyatus Saalihaath Waddurhis Saabihaat (

Fiqh ''Fiqh'' (; ) is the term for Islamic jurisprudence.Fiqh
Encyclopædia Britannica ''Fiqh'' is of ...

book)

References

External sources

*
Muslim Personalities in Sri Lanka,then and now.

External links

Nabaviyyah Islamic Youth Organization
{{authority control 1836 births 1888 deaths Sri Lankan Muslims 19th-century Muslim scholars of Islam Sri Lankan poets Sri Lankan Sufis 19th-century poets