Shayetet 15

The Patrol Fleet, officially designated Shayetet 15 (formerly the Torpedo Fleet or Shayetet 5), serves as the naval patrol fleet of the Israeli Navy. Headquartered at the Israeli Naval Headquarters in Tel Aviv, the fleet operates three squadrons: Squadron 914 at Haifa Naval Base, Squadron 915 (formerly Squadron 912) at Eilat Naval Base, and Squadron 916 (formerly Squadron 913) at Ashdod Naval Base.

Fleet

Personnel and training

Patrol ships are crewed by approximately 12 soldiers each. Command of a vessel is held by a captain, who holds the rank of lieutenant or captain (Hebrew: ''Seren''). To qualify for this role, the captain must have previously served as a deputy platoon officer in the BHD 600 (the Israeli Navy's training base) and completed training as the vessel's deputy commander. Captains typically serve in this role for 18 months before promotion.

Crew members are selected during pre-enlistment and serve as regular-service soldiers in the Israeli Navy. After completing second gunner training at the BHD 600, personnel are assigned to either sailor and mechanic specialization courses. Upon finishing their training, recruits undergo a "final stay" phase aboard ships, where they must pass basic certification tests to become full crew members.

Mechanics receive additional qualifications as ship's watchmen, firefighters, and enginemen, while sailors assume roles such as watchmen, navigators, gunners, and specialists in lighting, seamanship, and magist operations (shipboard administrative duties). Soldiers may also pursue advanced theoretical exams to qualify as non-commissioned commanders, enabling them to mentor junior crew and oversee ship operations.

During their service, select personnel may be offered enrollment in a combat medics course conducted at the naval hospital. Graduates return to their vessels as certified ship's medics, responsible for onboard medical care.

Torpedo fleet

The Torpedo Fleet, officially designated Shayetet 5, was the naval patrol and torpedo boat fleet of the Israeli Navy from 1948 to 1970. It operated Torpedo boats of various classes and was organized into four squadrons, including Squadron 788 for patrolling the Sea of Galilee. In 1970, the fleet was reorganized as Shayetet 15 (Patrol Fleet), with its squadrons absorbed into the new structure.

History

Establishment (1948–1952)

During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the Israeli Navy acquired a World War II-era German torpedo boat captured by the United States, purchasing it for $9,000. The vessel sank en route to Israel near Malta. In 1949, an unarmed torpedo boat joined the "Small Flotilla," a unit including British-surplus patrol vessels and landing craft (later reorganized as Shayetet 11). By 1950, 12 additional torpedo boats were acquired: eight WWII-era vessels from the United Kingdom and four modern French boats. The unit was formally renamed Shayetet 5 in 1952.

Operations and Expansion (1953–1967)

In 1956, three Italian-built torpedo boats were stationed at Eilat Naval Base, followed by three French vessels at Haifa Naval Base in 1957.

=Shelling of Kinneret (1955)

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Syrian forces harassed Israeli fishermen on the Sea of Galilee, prompting Shayetet 5 to bombard Syrian positions. The engagement resulted in Syrian casualties, one Israeli soldier wounded, and a damaged 57 mm cannon replaced post-action.

=Operation Resourcefulness (1956)

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After the Suez Crisis, two Israeli torpedo boats disguised as Italian vessels covertly evacuated hundreds of Jews from Port Said, with French ships rescuing an additional 170.

=Engagement at Sanafir (1957)

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A Shayetet 5 vessel patrolling near Sanafir Island was mistaken for an attacker by Saudi forces, triggering an exchange of fire. The Israeli boat struck a Saudi coastal battery, inflicting casualties.

=Beirut reconnaissance mission (1958)

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On July 9–10, 1958 the Shayetet 13 personnel were dispatched to carry out a reconnaissance mission in Beirut but their extraction proved to be a difficult task for which the torpedoes had to be mobilized.

Reorganisation

In 1958, it was organised into four squadrons Squadron 718 in the Sea of Galilee, Squadron 912 at Eilat Naval Base, Squadron 913 at Ashdod Naval Base and Squadron 914 at Haifa Naval Base.

Voyages to Cyprus and Greece

The torpedoes made voyages to maintain a presence in the shipping lanes in the Eastern Mediterranean. The torpedoes sailed every summer to visit destinations in the Mediterranean. In order to maintain and practice long-range activity. The main destinations were Cyprus and Crete.

Six-Day War (1967)

=Operation Lady

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During Operation Lady in Port Said, the two torpedoes accompanying the attack force attacked two Osa type Egyptian vessels that were moving near the port. The commander of the force Benjamin Talm received a report from the T-207 torpedo that it was "low on fuel" and ordered the torpedoes not to pursue. The Egyptians also didn't attack the torpedoes.

=USS Liberty incident

=
Three vessels of the fleet were involved in the attack on USS Liberty. When the torpedo boats arrived, Commander Oren could see that the ship could not be the destroyer that had supposedly shelled Arish or any ship capable of speed. According to Michael Limor, an Israeli naval reservist serving on one of the torpedo boats, they attempted to contact the ship by heliograph and radio, but received no response. Oren consulted an Israeli identification guide to Arab fleets and concluded the ship was the Egyptian supply ship ''El Quseir'', based on observing its deckline, midship bridge and smokestack. The captain of boat T-203 reached the same conclusion independently. The boats moved into battle formation, but did not attack.

As the torpedo boats rapidly approached, McGonagle ordered a sailor to proceed to machine gun Mount 51 and open fire.U.S. Naval Court of Inquiry
Court of Inquiry for USS ''Liberty'' attack, Record of Proceedings, 18 June 1967 However, he then noticed that the boats appeared to be flying an Israeli flag, and "realized that there was a possibility of the aircraft having been Israeli and the attack had been conducted in error". McGonagle ordered the man at gun mount 51 to hold fire, but a short burst was fired at the torpedo boats before the man understood the order.

McGonagle observed that machine gun Mount 53 began firing at the center torpedo boat at about the same time gun mount 51 fired, and that its fire was "extremely effective and blanketed the area and the center torpedo boat". Machine gun mount 53 was located on the starboard amidships side, behind the pilot house. McGonagle could not see or "get to mount 53 from the starboard wing of the bridge". So, he "sent Mr. Lucas around the port side of the bridge, around to the skylights, to see if he could tell eamanQuintero, whom ebelieved to be the gunner on Machine gun 53, to hold fire". Lucas "reported back in a few minutes in effect that he saw no one at mount 53". Lucas, who had left the command bridge during the air attack and returned to assist McGonagle, believed that the sound of gunfire was likely from ammunition cooking off, due to a nearby fire. Previously, Lucas had granted a request from Quintero to fire at the torpedo boats, before heat from a nearby fire chased him from gun mount 53. McGonagle later testified, at the Court of Inquiry, that this was likely the "extremely effective" firing event he had observed.

After coming under fire, the torpedo boats returned fire with their cannons, killing ''Liberty'' helmsman. partially declassified 1999, 2003. The torpedo boats then launched five torpedoes at the ''Liberty''. At 12:35Z (14:35 local time) one torpedo hit ''Liberty'' on the starboard side forward of the superstructure, creating a wide hole in what had been a cargo hold converted to the ship's research spaces and killing 25 servicemen, almost all of them from the intelligence section, and wounding dozens.

The torpedo boats then closed in and strafed the ship's hull with their cannons and machine guns.

=Assault on Sharm el-Sheikh

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The assault on Sharm el-Sheikh was to be carried out by paratroopers but as it was not clear whether the Egyptian artillery position in the area which was weak was manned or not. So torpedoes had to accompany the assault. When the torpedoes reached there it became evident that the positions were deserted. So the personnel of the torpedoes themselves took control and hoisted the Israeli flag. So the Paratrooper assault was cancelled and forces were transported via helicopters. Furthermore, two Egyptian commando vessels were spotted by the torpedoes after capturing Sharm el-Sheikh, the vessels were unarmed but carried 33 commandos who were taken captive.

War of Attrition (1967–1970)

=Battle of Rumani Coast

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During the Battle of Rumani Coast, an Israeli ship along with two torpedoes attacked Egyptian P 6-class torpedo boats. The initial run scored no hits but the Egyptian MTBs dispersed. The separation enabled ''Eilat'' to close one Egyptian torpedo and the two Israeli torpedoes to close the other. Twenty minutes later, both P 6s were ablaze and exploded leaving no survivors.Israeli MTB Action off Port Said, July 1967
Aryeh Wetherhorn

=Sinking of INS Eilat

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On October 21, 1967, the destroyer INS Eilat was sunk near Port Said by Egyptian submarines. The torpedoes were dispatched from Ashdod Naval Base to rescue the victims. The first ship to arrive was the T-206 under the command of Rafi Apel. Her presence was essential for the coordination of the evacuation helicopters and the collection of the dead bodies.

=Capture of a militant vessel

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On November 3, 1969, the T-203 torpedo under the command of Lt. David Nitzan was on patrol in off the coast of Rosh HaNkira . During the night, a small, dark target was discovered penetrating the border from north to south. The torpedo began a chase and opened fire at the target that was trying to escape. Finally the target stopped. It was a boat carrying four Fatah militants and explosives. The Fatah militants were arrested.

Disestablishment (1970)

Shayetet 5 was disbanded in 1970 and replaced by Shayetet 15. Squadron 788 (Sea of Galilee) was decommissioned after Israel secured full control of the coastline following the Golan Heights occupation.

Fleet

Squadron 914

Squadron 914 is a naval patrol squadron at the Haifa naval base. Squadron 914 is currently divided into two patrols: the Peres patrol, and the Yesur patrol (in the past there was also an Eagle patrol), and in addition to them, there's also a Snapir unit.

History

1972 Lebanon ambush

June 1972 near the Lebanon Coast Shayetet 13 Dvor 883 under the command of Dan Rabin and senior commander in the sea Eli Levi and INS Sa'ar under the command of Zvi Yanai carried out an ambush for a militant boa that was destroyed.

Yom Kippur War

On October 16, 1973, two Dvor ships were used for rescue and transport for the force of Shayetet 13 participating in Operation Lady. From October 17–20 off the coast of Beirut, the Unit 707 vessels of Shayetet 7 along with two bees sabotaged maritime communication lines disrupting the communication lines.

Warehouse explosion

On June 7, 1978, in the Haifa naval base an explosion in the wheelhouse of Dvor 862 as a result of hydraulic oil vapors from the steering system or fuel leakage from the rubber boat tanks killed Corporal Rafi Malka

Operations against militant vessels

On August 9, 1974, in southern Lebanon in front of the Port of Tzur a Dvor boat of the squadron destroyed a militant boat. On June 3–4, 1979, near Rosh HaNkira, a militant boat targeting the coastal radar was captured by a bee. On August 17–18, 1979 in the sector of Ras al-Bayada a militant boat was captured. On November 18, 1979, three bees under the control of Col. Moshe Oron chased and 853 bees under the command of Eran Osherov destroyed a militant boat.

On June 16, 1980, near Rosh HaNkira a fast terrorist boat trying to penetrate from Lebanon was discovered by the control control and intercepted by Dvor 894 under the command of Dan Rabin. A militant fired a missile that hit the Dvor. Two wounded, one moderately injured were evacuated by helicopter. The three militants were neutralized.

On September 23, 1984, in front of the Sidon beach Dvor team 853, under the command of Lieutenant Yehiel Klusky, noticed at 5:30 that some militants were trying to penetrate. In an exchange of fire with IDF soldiers on the beach, 3 militants were killed and several were captured. On October 19, 1984, near the Coast of South Lebanon Dvor blocked a militant boat killing two militants in exchange of fire.

On August 26, 1985, about 14 miles west of Sidon, a militant yacht was captured. On July 10, 1986, on the coast of Rosh HaNkira a rubber boat with militants from the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine was discovered by Devor 852 under the command of Idan in an exchange of fire, two IDF soldiers were killed and eleven were wounded meanwhile the four militants were killed and their boat was destroyed. On September 10, 1986, about five kilometers north of Tzur INS Moladat (commanded by Noam Feig), with Dvora 881 (commanded by Micah Shitkin) with the help of combat helicopters, discovered a rubber boat 600 meters from the beach of Mint Abu Zeid and fired at it. Some of the militants were injured and the rest managed to escape with the boat to the shore. On December 10, 1987, in the area of the Litani estuary the Dvora 894 ship under the command of Eran Shor destroyed a militant ship during the encounter, Sergeant Major Amit Sela was killed On December 4, 1988, between Cyprus and Lebanon a Dvora boat stopped the ship 'Hassan' which was involved in the transfer of militants from Cyprus to Lebanon. On April 8, 1989, off the coast of Southern Lebanon a militant boat was destroyed by Dvora 810 under the command of Ido Ram. On October 30, 1989, near the coast of South Lebanon the ship Dvora 811 under the command of Lieutenant Danny Naor, encountered a militant boat that was on its way to an attack in Israel and destroyed it. On November 13, 1989, in the waters of Southern Lebanon an attempted attack on the ship Dvora 811 under the command of Dani Naor, by a Lebanese fishing boat, was thwarted. On June 23, 1990, southwest of Tyre a militant boat that was on its way to the attack was destroyed by Deborah 811 under the command of Dani Naor. On July 31, 1990, in front of Rashidiya Dvora 811 under the command of Dani Naor discovered a fast boat with armed militants on it. On 5 September 1990 near Sidon INS Reshef (Saar 4) under the command of Aryeh Nagler, and Dvora 816 under the command of Dani Amir captured a militant from a ferry. On July 10, 1994, near Ras al Bayda Dvora 813 under the command of Boris Vossler killed two militants of the Hezbollah who were on their way to carry out an attack.

2006 Lebanon War

On July 14, 2006 was damaged by a Hezbollah rocket and a Davor boat of the squadron destroyed a gas station.

Commanders

Squadron 915

Squadron 915 also known as the Knights of the Gulf is a patrol squadron at the Eilat Naval Base. It is focused on the security of merchant ships sailing to the Port of Eilat. Before the Egypt-Israel peace treaty it was deployed at Sharm el-Sheikh.

The main task of the squadron in Eilat is to maintain the security and peace of maritime waters of Eilat. The main activity in the city of Eilat is based on recreation and tourism, which include, among other things, about two hundred vessels moving in a relatively small maritime region.

In the past this area was a meeting area between four conflicting countries: Israel, Egypt, Jordan and Saudi Arabia. However, today all the 4 countries are at peace.

History

Capture of Egyptian Reconnaissance boat

On January 5, 1972, in the Gulf of Suez in front of Al-Tur an Egyptian intelligence boat was captured by Dabura 873 under the command of Lieutenant Yaakov Bogach and the intelligence personnel were put on trial.

Engagement with De Castro

On August 13, 1973, in the North of the Gulf of Suez, Dvor 861 under the command of Shalom Shboy and 864 under the command of Eli Gabrieli, discovered Sgt. de Castro crossing the maritime border of Israel the gulf and attacked him. De Castro was badly hit and managed to return to port but was put out of action.

Yom Kippur War

=Battle of Marsa Talamat

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The Battle of Marsa Talamat was fought between the Israeli Navy and the Egyptian Navy commando forces on October 7, 1973, during the early stages of the Yom Kippur War. It took place in the small Egyptian naval anchorage of Marsa Talamat, in the central sector of the Gulf of Suez. Two Israeli Dabur class patrol boats of the squadron were on a routine patrol mission when the Egyptian Army launched a surprise attack into Israeli occupied Sinai. When it became evident that a war had started, the Israeli boats were reassigned to the mission of destroying Egyptian commando boats in order to interrupt Egyptian commando operations in the Gulf of Suez. The Israeli boats located two Egyptian commando boats which were about to depart Marsa Talamat. The Israeli boats attacked, and continued their attack even when both Daburs accidentally ran aground. The Israeli boats managed to retreat after inflicting considerable damage on the Egyptian commandos. For their actions in the battle, three Israeli crewmen were later awarded the Medal of Distinguished Service. The battle was amongst several significant naval battles which dictated the course of the naval war.

=Raid on Ras Al Arab

=
On 14 October 1973 in the Gulf of Suez in Ras Al Arab five patrol boats in two forces under the command of Ami Elon and Israel Petchni attacked mobilized fishing boats of the Egyptians who were preparing to transfer raiding forces and seriously damaged them.

Commanders

Squadron 916

Squadron 916 is a maritime patrol squadron at the Ashdod Naval Base. Its role is to protect the center of the country, but most of its resources are directed to the Gaza Strip. The unit carries out in addition to maritime security, also offensive and deterrent activities aimed at thwarting the activities of militants and disrupting their infrastructure.

Structure

Squadron 916 is divided into four patrol cruises: Bezeq Cruise, Sword Cruise, Shark Cruise and Trigon Cruise. In addition there's also a special Protector USV unit called 'Knights of Sea'. Just like other squadrons, it also has a Snapir unit concerned with the safety of Ashdod Naval Base.

History

Establishment

Following the Six Day War,
and occupation of Sinai Peninsula the maritime border of the Israel was extended fivefold. During this period, the Israeli Navy carried out the routine security tasks using the torpedo boats to stop infiltration attempts such as on 1 January 1971 an infiltration at Achziv beach by Fatah 'frogmen' was thwarted. Another infiltration attempt by Fatah 'frogmen' was thwarted on October 14, 1971, and the squad was captured before the attempt. Another infiltration was thwarted in November 1971, this time from Lebanon. Initially, various vessels not suitable for the purpose were used for patrolling including those of Shayetet 11. On October 18, 1970, the first two "Devor" ships arrived in Israel from "Swiftships" shipyard in Louisiana, United States Dvor 852 under the command of Major General Aryeh Roder and Dvor 871 under the command of Major General Uri Levy. They were out into operational use at the Ashdod Naval Base. The unit received the name Patrol 913 and later Squadron 913. The first commander of the unit was Lieutenant Ehud (Odi) Aral. It was the first patrol squadron of Israeli Navy. The area of control of the Ashdod Naval Base at that time extended for about 370 km, from Netanya to the east of the northern entrance of the Suez Canal.

Operation Spring of Youth

The squadron participated in the 1973 Israeli raid in Lebanon with two patrol boats of the squadron acting as a reserve along with Shayetet 3 vessels to pick up the raiding team after completion of the operation as well as to provide cover to the raiding party.

Yom Kippur War

By October 1973, the unit's staff numbered 4 Dvor boats, and in addition to the unit's regular forces, the ships' crews were reinforced with reservists. So, it was combat ready and participated in the Yom Kippur War.

=Battles of Fort Budapest

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The squad took part in the Second Battle of Fort Budapest to evacuate the wounded till the siege was lifted by a ground reinforcement.

=Rescue of INS Hanit

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After the Battle of Latakia, a Sa'ar 3 vessel of Shayetet 3 ''INS Hanit'' got struck ashore, so the Squadron vessels were dispatched to rescue the vessel and its personnel, ultimately the mission was a success and it was towed to Haifa Shipyard for repairs and was returned to service.

=Operation Lady

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The squadron participated in the Operation Lady. On October 16, 1973, a group of Shayetet 11 vessels led the Shayetet 13 to attack Port Said. The strike group was guarded and reinforced by the squadron vessels. The operation was carried out successfully and multiple Egyptian vessels were damaged or destroyed.

Renaming

With the increase in the number of bees, squadron 913 was renamed as squadron 916 in October 1975. At its establishment, the fleet numbered 7 patrol boats.

Egypt-Israel peace agreement

Following the Egypt-Israel peace treaty, the IDF withdrew from the Sinai Peninsula, greatly reducing the patrol sector from Suez to Rafah Its purpose shifted from patrolling against the Egyptians to against militant infiltrations (such as Coastal Road massacre).

1982 Lebanon War

The flotilla participated in the 1982 Lebanon War. On 6 June 1982, Israeli forces under direction of Defense Minister Ariel Sharon launched a three-pronged invasion of southern Lebanon in "Operation Peace for Galilee". The squadron vessels from Ashdod Naval Base traversed towards the Lebanese coast north of Sidon. Israel's publicly stated objective was to push PLO forces back to the north. An Israeli amphibious operation was conducted north of Sidon. Two groups of commandos from the Shayetet 13 naval commando unit then came ashore to probe enemy defenses and secure the landing site,. They were provided cover by Squadron 916 as Squadron 914 was tasked to deal with any probable infiltration that could happen as a result of the conflict.

Patrols along with 914 Squadron

During the 1980s, the squadron was involved in patrolling operations in the Northern Arena as the southern sector was pretty secure after the Egypt-Israel peace treaty. including thwarting an infiltration attempt on April 25, 1988. During these operations a squadron personnel Ofer Salomon was Killed in Action on January 5, 1984.

First Intifada

During the First Intifada, the squadron patrolled the waters off the coast of Gaza Strip extensively and on May 30, 1990, 2 patrol boats of the squadron got stuck while chasing fast boats of militants who were trying to penetrate the shores of Israel. One of them landed ashore the Gaza Strip landed on the beach, where 4 of its men were killed and 7 were captured.

Oslo accords

Oslo Accords resulted in a separate and autonomous administration in the Gaza strip so the patrol area was changed to 12 miles away from the coast as well as Egyptian and Israeli maritime borders.

Second Intifada

During the Second intifada, Israel blockaded the Palestinian territories, including the Gaza Strip, several times with the squadron primarily carrying out the naval blockade of Gaza Strip.

Operation Summer Rains

During the 2006 Gaza–Israel conflict, on June 26, the Israeli Navy imposed a naval closure of the Gaza Strip, to prevent Shalit being smuggled out by sea. The squadron increased patrols of naval vessels along the Gaza coastline, and prepared for an attempt to smuggle Shalit out by boat, sending instructions to captains. Palestinian fast boats were banned from operating in the area, and only small Palestinian fishing boats were allowed on the sea.

Operation Hot Winter

The squadron participated in Operation Hot Winter, an IDF offensive in the Gaza strip by reinforcing the naval blockade of Gaza strip.

Operation Cast Lead

During the Gaza War (2008–2009) the Israeli Navy attacked Hamas' rocket launchers and outposts, command and control centers, a Hamas patrol boat, and the office of Hamas Prime Minister Ismail Haniyeh, using the Typhoon Weapon System and Surface to surface missiles. The navy coordinated with other Israeli forces and used powerful shipboard sensors to acquire and shell targets on land."> Records of the attacks published by the navy indicate that for the first time vessels were equipped with Spike ER electro-optically guided anti-armor missiles. Videos of an attack showed precision hits from a Typhoon stabilizing gun despite a rolling sea. Versions of the Spike were also used by ground units and possibly by helicopters or unmanned aerial vehicles. Shayetet 13 naval commandos were also deployed to attack targets on land, and reportedly attacked an Iranian ship loaded with arms for Hamas, which was docking in Sudan. On 28 December, Naval vessels shelled the Port of Gaza.

On 29 December, the Free Gaza Movement relief boat ''Dignity'' carrying volunteer doctors with 3.5 tons of medical supplies, human rights activists (Among them Caoimhe Butterly and former US Representative Cynthia McKinney), and a CNN reporter was involved in an altercation with Israeli patrol boats of the squadron. The captain of the Free Gaza vessel said that their vessel had been rammed intentionally and that there had been no warning before it had been rammed. An Israeli spokesman disputed this, and said the collision was caused by the ''Dignity'' attempting to outmaneuver the patrol boats after disobeying Israeli orders to turn back.

On 4 January the Israeli Navy extended its blockade of the Gaza Strip to 20 nautical miles.

Throughout the war, the Israeli Navy employed Super Dvora Mk III class patrol boats of the squadron.

Operation Pillar of Cloud

During the 2014 Gaza War, in the 2014 Zikim attack cannon fire from a Dvora patrol boat of the squadron and support from the Israeli Air Force were used to eliminate the infiltrators. According to IDF assessments, the commando unit was dispatched by "a senior terrorist operative", Ahmed Andur, active in northern Gaza. Taysir Mubasher, the former commander of Hamas's naval forces, was also claimed by the IDF to have been involved in the attack and was allegedly killed. Captain Uri Nissim received Major General's Award and the Squadron received a TLS award for its role in stopping the infiltration.

Gszs War

During the Gaza war the Squadron participated in various operations. During Zikim attack amongst the October 7 attacks amid the 6:30 rocket barrage, which also targeted Israeli naval facilities, four boats with an estimated 35 fighters of Hamas' Nukhba unit were observed crossing into Israeli waters from the Gaza fishing zone.
Col. Eitan Paz, commander of the Ashdod naval base, having been forewarned of the invasion by Gaza Division commander Avi Rosenfeld earlier in the morning, immediately ordered the forces under his command to defend the Israeli maritime border and prevent raids on the coast.

Israeli sources stated that three of the boats were destroyed by patrol boats of the Israeli Navy's 916th Patrol Squadron from Ashdod naval base before they reached the shore, and sailors of the Snapir unit, the Israeli Navy's protection and harbor security unit, subsequently moved in on Defender-class boats and killed the survivors as well as Hamas divers they discovered with gunfire and depth charges. However, the remaining boat soon made it to Zikim beach. The IDF estimated that 11 Hamas militants managed to land on the beach. Two or three were killed by naval gunfire shortly after landing, but the rest began killing civilians on the beach. In the aftermath of October 7 attacks, squadron fighters eliminated dozens of militants at sea and on land, hit targets near the shores of the Gaza Strip, and assisted the maneuvering forces with fire and observation. In addition, sailing warriors assisted raids from the sea into the Gaza Strip.

Commanders

Sources & References

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*
*
*
*
* Meir Shapir and Aryeh Doblin
מחבלים ואנשי מודיעין - התקלות בליל עלטה
"Marine Systems" March 1971, p. 45.
* P. courage
בגבול הצפון
'Marine Systems' 109, July 1972, p. 20.
* Uri Porat
ספינת מחבלים
'Marine Systems' 104, July 1971, p. 6.
* Capt. Ofir
שיר לסיירת הימית
'Between Waves' October 1975, p. 29.
* Giorgio Reka
ה"דבורים" אינם מלקקים דבש
'Between Waves' March 1983.

"שרק יהיה הים שקט" - כתבתו של עמנואל רוזן
about the voyages, published on July 2, 1984, in Maariv, on the National Library website.
* Aryeh Kiesel and Sharon Harpa
בראש
'Between Waves' 163 November 1984 p. 2.
* Raanan Czerbinski
את הבט"ש הזה לעולם לא ישכחו
'Between Waves' July 1986.
* Raanan Charbinski and Ruthie Rodne
בין גלים דבור וסירת מחבלים, פרס מגן לתחנת ראש הנקרה
Between Waves 174 June 1988 p. 18.
סוכל ניסיון פיגוע צפונית לראש הנקרה
"Bin Galim" 181 August 1990, p. 27
* Kizel Tyle
גבוהים - מערכת חדשה לראיית לילה
'Between Waves' 182 January 1991 p. 25.
* Yuval Karni
קטלני - המפקדים הצעירים של הדבורים
"Bin Galim" celebratory jubilee issue October 1998, p. 22.
* Yuval Karni
מה עושה מפקד דבור במטבח
'Between Waves', April 2002.
* Mordechai Alon
שלדג טבילת האש הראשונה
"Between Waves" October 7, 2004, p. 24
* Ido Laur
שלדג חדש בחיל הים
"Between Waves", May 8, 2005 p. 42.
* Rocky Tilapia
הדבורים - תכנון תוצרת הארץ
"Between Waves", September 9, 2005 72
* Oded Shlomot,
נפרדים מהים
"Between Waves", September 9, 2005 p. 58.
* Ido Laur
הכי חם של ישראל
"Between Waves", 10, July 2006, p. 44.
* Eric Ofir
914 - ימי קרבות
"Between Waves", October 11, 2006, p. 14.
* Aryeh Tal
פלגת דבורים 914 וגם בגבול הארוך ביותר בישראל
"Between Waves", 12, October 2007, pp. 51 and 52.
* Aryeh Tal
פלגה 914
"Between Waves", September 2008, p. 8.
* Doron Soslik
סיור מתקדמות
"Between Waves", April 2010, p. 32.
* Ado Neuhaus
מסע - מלח ים והרבה פאסון קורס דבורנים
"Between Waves", October 2010, p. 58.
* Raviv Hadar
מהמס"רים
'Between Waves' May 2014, p. 40.
* Annie Elroy
מתרגלים על רטוב - ''תרגיל פלגה שנתי''
'Between Waves', October 2014, p. 60.
* Tevel Demari
ימי במגמת עליה וגם ראיון עם מפקדי סיירות שסיימו תפקידם
"Between Waves", September 2015, pp. 46 and 51.
* Sapir Mosholam and Tebal Demari
הצפון גם עליונות ימית וגם תמונה מספרת
'Between Waves', May 2016, pp. 36, 48 and 61.
* Tevel Demari, Moshe Knafi and Sapir Meshulam
האחרון בים התיכון
"Bin Galim", October 2016, p. 47.
* Demari Earth
החנית של 914 וגם להיות מילואימניק בפלגה 914 וגם מפל"ג 914 רונן מרקם
"Between Waves", May 2017, pp. 12, 41 and 67.
* Amnon Gonen and others
הדבורים של שייטת הצוללות
October 2021.
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*
*
* Kochavi Azran, "היסטוריה של צי 915 - צי "אבירי המפרץ", Millennium Ayalon, 2022.

אתר אבירי המפרץ
website of 915 Patrol Squadron
* Batia Shem-El
יחידות בחיל - היתושים בסיירת הימית של אילת אינם עוקצים
'Between Waves' July 1975 p. 18.
* Giorgio Rekha
שומרים על השקט בבריכה
'Between Waves' 164 February 1985, p. 21.
* Raanan Cherbinski
אל תסמוך על המזל
'Between Waves' 170-171 June 1987, p. 8.
* Father Obel
תקרית היכטה של חוסיין ודבור שביצע ניסוי קנים
"Between Waves" 181 August 1990, p. 26.
* Ilanit Fener
נחשול זריז ומסוכן
'Shuval' information sheet, Navy Association (Israel), August 1998 p. 4.
* Itamar Guy
מפגש נוסטלגיה לוחמי פלגה 915 6 בדצמבר 2008
"Between Waves", May 2009, p. 48.
* Sapi
שירות החופשה של "נששולים".
"Between waves", October 2016, p. 12
* Meir Ben Ezra and Batia Van Zeiden
הלוחמים שחוצים את ים סוף כל השנה
IDF website, March 31, 2021.
* Uri Milstein
יעקב בוגץ' מספר על הדבורים בזירת ים סוף
* Amit Erez
רב-סרן בדימוס נמרוד ארז, סגן מפקד דבור 864 בזירת ים סוף מלחמת יום הכיפורים
Dor Ki Ipur 73, Brigade 679 association.
* Moshe Imber, Chapters of history from: "'916 Fleet Heritage Display'", graphic design and production - Gad Ariel, 2005.
* Dror Gat, Fleet 916, "Between the Waves", Bytown Navy Association (Israel), May issue, 2008, p. 18
* Eli Melchi et al., "'האתגר האמיתי של מפקדי הספינות", "אגדות אחי פלברה שבאמת קרו", published by Beit Haval, 2020, p. 318
* Daniel Reva, "שוטי שוטי שיפטי", Deputy Yotam Kon commander of Deborah, Caesarea News, April 9, 2021. p. 34
*Avi Oval, "לא זורקים דגים: בתאש נגד האינתיפאדה"
בין גלים 179
(pp. 16–18), November 1989
* Lt. Col. S., commander of the bee unit in Ashdod, "הברחת סמים"
בין גלים 180
(p. 21), April 1990
* Shani Fais, "שני המנועים לאחור: במקדש דבורי אשדוד"
בין גלים 182
(pp. 18–20), January 1991
* Ido Laor, "זירת אשדוד: הגבול החם של ישראל"
בין גלים 10
(pp. 44–48), July 2006
* Navy barges, "חדשות חיל הים: #06 רגע לפני רגע האמת"
בין גלים אוקטובר 2014
(p. 9)
* Brit Almog, "סיכול ציר ההברחה הימית"
בין גלים ספטמבר 2015
(pp. 20–24)
* Tevel Demari, "חדשות זרוע הים: #17 מתאמן בים באוויר וביבשה"
בין גלים אוקטובר 2016
p. 19
* Tevel Demari, "אמצעי נגד ממוקדים: האתגר הימי שלא ידעת עליו"
בין גלים מאי 2017
(pp. 29–32)

פלגות הבט"ש
on Israeli Navy website

נפרדים ממפל״ג 916
Israeli Navy website July 2021

פעילות מול רצועת עזה
March 2023.
* Shay Levi

Makuo website, July 24, 2024.
* ttp://palga915.co.il/ "אבירי המפרץ"915 Squadron veterans website.
* Meir Shapir and Aryeh Doblin
הסיירת במפרץ אילת
"Marine Systems" March 1971, p. 42.
* Meir Shapir and Aryeh Doblin
לכידת מחבלים ואנשי מודיעין - התקלות בליל עלטה
"Marine Systems" March 1971, p. 45.
* P. courage
לילה בגבול הצפון
'Marine Systems' 109, July 1972, p. 20.
* Uri Porat
לכידת ספינת מחבלים
'Marine Systems' 104, July 1971, p. 6.
* Capt. Ofir
שיר לסיירת הימית
'Between Waves' October 1975, p. 29.
* Giorgio Reka
ה"דבורים" אינם מלקקים דבש
'Between Waves' March 1983.

"שרק יהיה הים שקט" - כתבתו של עמנואל רוזן
About the voyages, published on July 2, 1984, in Maariv, on the website of the National Library.
* Aryeh Kiesel and Sharon Harpaz
דבור בראש
'Between Waves' 163 Nov 1984 p. 2.
* Jacob Bogac
שארם שלי, זכרונות משירות בפלגה 915 בתחילת שנות ה-70.
* Raanan Czerbinski
את הבט"ש הזה לעולם לא ישכחו
'Between Waves' July 1986.
* Raanan Charbinski and Ruthie Rodner
חדשות בין גלים דבור וסירת מחבלים, פרס מגן לתחנת ראש הנקרה
Bin Galim 174 June 1988 p. 18.
*
סוכל ניסיון פיגוע צפונית לראש הנקרה
"Between Waves" 181 August 1990, p. 27
אורות גבוהים - מערכת חדשה לראיית לילה
'Between Waves' 182 January 1991 p. 25.
* Yuval Karni
זמזום קטלני - המפקדים הצעירים של הדבורים
"Bin Galim" celebratory jubilee issue October 1998, p. 22.
* Yuval Karni
מה עושה מפקד דבור במטבח
'Between Waves', April 2002.
* Mordechai Alon
שלדג טבילת האש הראשונה
"Between Waves" October 7, 2004, p. 24
* Ido Laur
שלדג חדש בחיל הים
"Between Waves", May 8, 2005 p. 42.
* Rocky tilapia
ראשית הדבורים - תכנון תוצרת הארץ
"Between Waves", September 9, 2005 72
* Oded Shlomot
המילואימניקים נפרדים מהים
"Between Waves", September 9, 2005 p. 58.
* Ido Laur
הגבול הכי חם של ישראל
"Between Waves", 10, July 2006, p. 44.
* Eric Ofir
פלגה 914 - ימי קרבות
"Between Waves", October 11, 2006, p. 14.
* Aryeh Tal
קולאז' פלגת דבורים 914 וגם בגבול הארוך ביותר בישראל
"Between Waves", 12, October 2007, pp. 51 and 52.
* Aryeh Tal
לוחמי פלגה 914
"Between Waves", September 2008, p. 8.
* Doron Soslik
ספינות סיור מתקדמות
"Between Waves", April 2010, p. 32.
* Ado Neuhaus
יומן מסע - מלח ים והרבה פאסון קורס דבורנים
"Between Waves", October 2010, p. 58.
* Raviv Hadar
מסרים מהמס"רים
'Between Waves' May 2014, p. 40.
* Annie Elroy
מתרגלים על רטוב - ''תרגיל פלגה שנתי''
'Between Waves', October 2014, p. 60.
* Tevel Demari
לוחם ימי במגמת עליה וגם ראיון עם מפקדי סיירות שסיימו תפקידם
"Between Waves", September 2015, pp. 46 and 51.
* Sapir Mosholam and Tebal Demari
לוחמי הצפון גם עליונות ימית וגם תמונה מספרת
'Between Waves', May 2016, pp. 36, 48 and 61.
* Tevel Demari, Moshe Knafi and Sapir Meshulam
הדבור האחרון בים התיכון
"Between Waves", October 2016, p. 47.
* Demari Earth
חוד החנית של 914וגם להיות מילואימניק בפלגה 914 וגם מפל"ג 914 רונן מרקם
"Between Waves", May 2017, pp. 12, 41 and 67.
* David Bacher
פלגת דבורים בסערה במפרץ סואץ
The website of the Maritime Heritage Conservancy (Israel), January 16, 2018.
* Nimrod Erez
תקיפת מעגן ראס ע'ריב במלחמת יום הכיפורים
On the site of the Maritime Heritage Conservation (Israel).
* Ami Elon
דבורים וראס סודר במלחמת יום הכיפורים
On the site of the Maritime Heritage Conservation (Israel).
* Meir Shapir and Aryeh Samsonov, "'ספינות מלחמה קטנות, דיוקן הטורפדו, הקרב בפורט סעיד,'" Sea Systems, March 1969, pp. 15–45.
* Slomo Aral, "'הסירה הקטנה בראשיתה'" "Naval Systems" 92–93, March 1969, p. 17.
* Amos Ettinger, "'אהבה ושמה הוא טורפדו,'" Sea Systems" 93–92, March 1969, p. 42.
* Shabtai Levi, "'טורפדו היום'" "Naval Systems" 92–93, March 1969, p. 45.
* Meir Shafir and Aryeh Doblin, "'תחילה בשארם א-שייח" Sea Systems, March 1971, p. 43.
* Brian Cooper, הספינות הקטנות, מלחמת הטורפדות', Setting Press 1972.
* Brian Cooper, הספינות הקטנות, מלחמת הטורפדות,'' translated from English by Azriel Tal, Systems Publishing 1972.
* Mike Elder, שיתא 13'', Maariv Library, Tel Aviv. 1993
* Yitzhak Shoshan, "הקרב האחרון של המשחתת אילת", Maariv Library, Tel Aviv, 1993
* Mike Elder, שייטת 11, Had Artzi Publishing House, Jerusalem. 1996
* Slomo Aral Alof (res.), לפני הים,'' Ministry of Defense - Publishing House, Tel Aviv, 1998
* Avraham Rabinowitz, "' ספינות שרבורג'", Efi Meltzer Military Research, Journalism and Publishing, Reut, 2001
* Moshe Imber and Gad Ariel, "תצוגת מורשת צי 914", Haifa base, 2004
* Moshe Imber and Gad Ariel, "תצוגת מורשת צי 916", Ashdod Base, 2005
* Zvi Keinan, מבט אחורה סיפור אישי'', pp. 171–173, Gavol Publishing, 2005
* Benyamin Talm Alof (res.), תלם בים, writing: Amots Shurk, Bini Talm (private publisher), 2009
* Moshe Imber (research, writing and editing), Gad Ariel (graphic editing and production), "'חדר של מערכת הסיור והבקרה ב,'" Navy Department, 2009
* Gadi Schechter, "תולדות הדבורה, תולדות ספינות ה-BTS בחיל הים הישראלי."
* Gadi Schechter, "'ספינות טורפדו בשירות חיל הים,'" Bin Galim Magazine Navy Association (Israel), May 2016
* David Maguri Cohen, "'צעד אחד קדימה'", Efi Meltzer - Military Research Journalism and Publishing, Reut, pp. 55–94
* 1972, Christopher Dawson, A Quest for Speed at Sea, Hutchinson&Co. (Publishers) Ltd, London
* Moshe Gorman and Aryeh Ben-Eli
השייטת הקטנה
"Navy" booklet 7 January 1949, p. 17.
* Michael Holler
כרישי חיל הים מגיחים
Marine Systems July 1954, pp. 34–37.
* Michael Holle
תוקפות
Naval Systems, March 28, 1956, p. 3.
* Itamar Kotai
בספינת משמר לים הפתוח
"Marine Systems" 28, March 1956, p. 52.
* A. tenenbaum
חיל הים על המשמר
"Marine Systems" December 1956, p. 51.
* Samson Eden
טרפדות בפעולות לילה
"Marine Systems" MB, July 1959, p. 36.
* Ezra Lahad
יורדות לאילת
"Marine Systems" MG, October 1959, p. 85.
* Zev Schiff
המהירים שבחיל - הטרפדות
"Navy Systems", September 1961, p. 6.
* David Sagi
ניסיתי להשתחרר מפלגת הטרפדות
'Marine Systems' 69, November 1964, p. 17.
* Alex Drury
המסע לרודוס
'Marine Systems' 70, January 1965, p. 6.
* P. ninth
ישראלים בארמון קנוסוס
'Marine Systems' 74–75, January 1966, p. 43.
* Oded Egor
טווח לספינות הטילים 1000 יארד
Sea Systems Booklet No. 85-86 July 1967, pp. 40 – 41
* Uri Porat
סיור למוקדי הסערה טרפדות בים האדום
"Marine Systems" Booklet No. 85-86 July 1967, pp. 22–23.
* Meir Shapir, Sholomo Aral and Benyamin Telam
ציוני דרך הטרפדות 1968-1948
"Marine Systems" 1968
* Amos Ettinger
ושמה טרפדת
"Marine Systems" 93-92 March 1969, p. 42.
* Shabtai Levi
הטרפדות כיום
"Marine Systems" 93-92 March 1969, p. 45.

שייטת 5 - השייטת הקטנה
Navy Headquarters (Israel) 1986.
* Moshe Avgi
צל"ש ליעקב ניצן ויהודה סמברג
May 17, 2012.
* Rafi Raz
הפגנת נוכחות מופגזת מאד במפרץ סואץ
website of the Maritime Heritage Conservancy (Israel), 2014.
* Uzi Sela
השירות שלי בטרפדות 1956-1958
2015.
* Lt. Col. Yigal Oren
קצין התיקונים של פלגות הטרפדות
2015
* Col. (Res.) Shmuel Peres
הצלת צוות המשחתת אילת
June 2014
* Rami Rafaeli
השרות בפלגת הטרפדות 914

* Shlomo Arel
הטרפדות בים האדום
May 2016.
* Gadi Schechter
הברזל על ספינות העץ
'Between Waves' May 2016, p. 58.
* Yishai Kalinovski
אנשי הברזל בספינות העץ
The Maritime Heritage Conservancy website March 2017.
* Aya Merbach and Yaakov Tsuraon
מספרים באהבה על הטרפדות
"Carmel View" November 13, 2017.

טרפדות חיל הים במלחמת ששת הימים
Video produced by 'Carmel View' Nov 15, 2017.
* Kochavi Azran, Interviews of Shayetet 5 personnel April - June 2022

דוד מגורי כהן

מנחם ים שחור


רמי רפאלי


אלי לוי


ויוסף הררי "צוץ"


אריה רונה


אלי רהב סגן מפקד הפלגה


רפי רז מפקד טרפדת ט-203


עמי שר אל כמפקד טרפדת ט-208

Notes

{{Notelist

Israeli Navy
Sea corps