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Shashlik, or shashlick (russian: шашлык ''shashlyk''), is a dish of skewered and grilled cubes of
/ref> In Turkic languages, the word ''shish'' means skewer, and ''shishlik'' is literally translated as "skewerable". The word was coined from the crh, "şış" (' spit') by the Zaporozhian Cossacks and entered Russian in the 18th century, from there spreading to English and other European languages. Prior to that, the Russian name for meat cooked on a skewer was ''verchenoye'', from ''vertel'', 'spit'. Shashlik did not reach
Shashlik was originally made of lamb, but nowadays it is also made of pork, beef, or venison, depending on local preferences and religious observances.
Шашлык
'. In: В. В. Похлёбкин, ''Кулинарный словарь от А до Я''. Москва, Центрполиграф, 2000, ( William Pokhlyobkin, ''Culinary Dictionary''. Moscow, Tsentrpoligraf, 2000; Russian) The skewers are either threaded with meat only, or with alternating pieces of meat, fat, and vegetables, such as bell pepper, onion, mushroom and tomato. In Iranian cuisine, meat for shashlik (as opposed to other forms of '' shish kebab'') is usually in large chunks, while elsewhere the form of medium-size meat cubes is maintained making it similar to brochette. The meat is marinated overnight in a high-acidity marinade like vinegar, dry wine or sour fruit/ vegetable juice with the addition of onions, herbs and spices.Marinade recipes for shashlik
at RusslandJournal.de
While it is not unusual to see shashlik today listed on the menu of restaurants, it is more commonly sold in many areas in the form of fast food by street vendors who roast the skewers on a mangal over wood, charcoal, or coal. It is also cooked in outdoor environments during social gatherings, similarly to barbecue in English-speaking countries.
meat
Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food. Humans have hunted, farmed, and scavenged animals for meat since prehistoric times. The establishment of settlements in the Neolithic Revolution allowed the domestication of animals such as chic ...
, similar to or synonymous with shish kebab. It is known traditionally by various other names in Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkm ...
, the Caucasus
The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia (country), Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range ...
, Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic connotations. The vast majority of the region is covered by Russia, wh ...
and Central Asia, and from the 19th century became popular as ''shashlik'' across much of the Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the List of Russian monarchs, Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended th ...
and nowadays in the Russian Federation
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia
North Asia or Northern Asia, also referred to as Siberia, is the northern region of Asia, which is defined in geographic ...
and former Soviet republics.
Etymology and history
The word ''shashlik'' or ''shashlick'' entered English from the Russian ''shashlyk'', ofTurkic
Turkic may refer to:
* anything related to the country of Turkey
* Turkic languages, a language family of at least thirty-five documented languages
** Turkic alphabets (disambiguation)
** Turkish language, the most widely spoken Turkic language
* ...
origin.American Heritage Dictionary Entry: shashlik/ref> In Turkic languages, the word ''shish'' means skewer, and ''shishlik'' is literally translated as "skewerable". The word was coined from the crh, "şış" (' spit') by the Zaporozhian Cossacks and entered Russian in the 18th century, from there spreading to English and other European languages. Prior to that, the Russian name for meat cooked on a skewer was ''verchenoye'', from ''vertel'', 'spit'. Shashlik did not reach
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
until the late 19th century. From then on, its popularity spread rapidly; by the 1910s it was a staple in St Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
restaurants and by the 1920s it was already a pervasive street food all over urban Russia.
Preparation
Shashlik was originally made of lamb, but nowadays it is also made of pork, beef, or venison, depending on local preferences and religious observances.Шашлык
'. In: В. В. Похлёбкин, ''Кулинарный словарь от А до Я''. Москва, Центрполиграф, 2000, ( William Pokhlyobkin, ''Culinary Dictionary''. Moscow, Tsentrpoligraf, 2000; Russian) The skewers are either threaded with meat only, or with alternating pieces of meat, fat, and vegetables, such as bell pepper, onion, mushroom and tomato. In Iranian cuisine, meat for shashlik (as opposed to other forms of '' shish kebab'') is usually in large chunks, while elsewhere the form of medium-size meat cubes is maintained making it similar to brochette. The meat is marinated overnight in a high-acidity marinade like vinegar, dry wine or sour fruit/ vegetable juice with the addition of onions, herbs and spices.
at RusslandJournal.de
See also
*List of kebabs
This is a list of kebab dishes from around the world. Kebabs are various cooked meat dishes, with their origins in Middle Eastern cuisine and the Muslim world. Although kebabs are often cooked on a skewer, many types of kebab are not.
Afghan ...
References
{{Street food Armenian cuisine Azerbaijani cuisine Barbecue Belarusian cuisine Caucasian cuisine Central Asian cuisine Cuisine of Georgia (country) Iranian cuisine Iraqi cuisine Skewered kebabs Kurdish cuisine Latvian cuisine Russian cuisine Grilled skewers Soviet cuisine Street food Tajik cuisine Turkish cuisine Turkmenistan cuisine Ukrainian cuisine Uzbekistani cuisine