Selçukname

''Selçukname'' is an informal term used for any of a number of medieval chronicles about Seljuk history written by different authors, mostly in Persian. It is also used for the 15th century Ottoman chronicle '' Tevârih-i Âl-i Selçuk'' (''History of the House of Seljuk'', also called ''Oğuznâme-Selçuklu târihi'' by some Turkish language sources, ota, تاريخ آل سلچوق, Târih-i Âl-i Selçuk). The Ottoman chronicle, written by Yazıcıoğlu Ali in Ottoman Turkish, is the only official history of the Imperial Court from Murad II's reign and serves to establish a narrative of the Ottoman dynasty's claim of descent through the Seljuks.

Selçukname of Ibn Bibi (13th century)

Ibn Bibi was born as the son of refugees from Khwarazm and Khorasan who had fled their native lands following the death of the last ruler of the Khwarazmian dynasty, Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu. Ibn Bibi attained a high position in the Seljuks of Anatolia as a "seal holder" and was responsible for all Seljuk correspondence. His mother had held a position in the Imperial Court of Khwarazm as an astrologer. She had managed to find a position in the court of the Seljuk sultan Kayqubad I. Thus Ibn Bibi began his service in the Seljuk Court during the reign of Kayqubad I, which continued even after the Battle of Köse Dağ, when the Sultanate of Rum, defeated by the Mongol Empire, became vassals of the Ilkhanate.

Historian Ali Anooshahr has proposed that Ibn Bibi's chronicle of Seljuk history, called ''Selçukname'', followed a common pattern that can be found in earlier chronicles written by medieval Persian historians Abu'l-Fadl Bayhaqi and Nizam al-Mulk. Anooshahr calls this pattern the "triad of kings", beginning with a ''ghazi'' founder king who lives a life of hardship as a wandering dispossessed warrior prince who "returns" to regain his throne. The second king of the triad is a ruler over ''ghazis'' during a prosperous and stable era, and the third king is depicted as a debauched and inexperienced ruler who loses the kingdom to a new group of ''ghazis''.

Selçukname of Yazıcıoğlu Ali (15th century)

Authorship

The author of the 15th-century Ottoman chronicle '' Tevârih-i Âl-i Selçuk'' ( ota, تواريخ آل سلچوق) was Yazıcıoğlu Ali (literally "Ali the clerk's son"), who was a civil servant during the reign of Murat II. He was sent to Mamluk Egypt as an Ottoman ambassador. Other than that, there is no information about his personal life. However, there were two other Yazıcıoğlu's in the same period who are thought to be his brothers, Ahmet Bican and Mehmet Bican, and their father was Selahattin from Gelibolu (now a district center of Çanakkale Province in Turkey) who was a ''katip'' (clerk) and the author of an astrology book. Since Yazıcıoğlu means "son of clerk" the supposition about Ali's family is justified.

Legitimacy of the Ottomans

In the early days of the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans suffered from accusations about their origin. Both Kadı Burhaneddin and Timur questioned Ottoman sovereignty in Anatolia. Kadı Burhaneddin made fun of the Ottomans by replacing the word ''kayıkçı'' ("boatman") instead of Kayı, the name of the Ottoman family's tribe. The Ottomans tried to prove their nobility. Murat II was especially uneasy about the accusations and Yazıcıoğlu Ali was tasked to write a book about the origin of the Ottoman family.İnalcık:''Kuruluş Dönemi Osmanlı Sultanları'', İSAM, , pp.19-20

The ''Selçukname'' discusses briefly the Ottoman dynasty genealogy by asserting Ottoman descent from the Seljuks of Anatolia. ''Selçukname'' is the only official history of the Imperial Court from Murad II's reign.

Text

There are five sections. The first section is about the pre-Islamic age of the Turks. In this section Ali claims that the Ottoman dynasty is the continuation of the legendary Oghuz Khagan.TÂRÎH-i ÂL-i SELÇÛK
''Published in the TDV Islâm Ansiklopedisi》vol. 40 (2011)》pp.72-73 in Istanbul'' Karluks, Uygurs and Kypchaks (medieval Turkic people) were also mentioned in this section. The second section is about the Seljukid Empire.The third section is actually a translation of Ibn Bibi's book.Ali Anooshahr:
The Ghazi Sultans and the Frontiers of Islam
Routledge (2009) The fourth section is about Keyqubad I (1220–1237) of the Seljuks of Anatolia and Osman I (1298–1326) of the Ottomans. The last section is a summary of Anatolia after the death of Gazan Khan of the Mongols (1304).

The 15th century Ottoman ''Selçukname'' includes within it a 65 line '' Oğuzname'' fragment, so the latter term may occasionally be used by scholars to refer to this text. Yazıcıoğlu Ali uses the term ''Oğuzname'' in the text in reference to earlier Uyghur language texts, and it is possible the author made use of these Uyghur language texts. These earlier texts, attested to in multiple medieval sources from the Ottoman period, have not survived into the present day. Some of the names from the ''Book of Dede Korkut'', considered to be one genre of ''Oğuzname'', are repeated in the ''Selçukname''.Ziya Gökalp
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Ali Anooshahr has written that certain aspects of Ibn Bibi's earlier work were modernized and updated with 15th-century terminology such as ''top'' (cannon ball) and ''tüfek'' (gun), whereas the original 13th century Persian language text had used the term ''manjaniq'' ( siege engine).

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Selcukname
History books about the Ottoman Empire
1430s books
Ottoman literature
Ottoman dynasty
Persian literature