Sanofi S.A. is a French multinational pharmaceutical and healthcare company headquartered in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...

. Originally, the corporation was established in 1973 and merged with Synthélabo in 1999 to form Sanofi-Synthélabo. In 2004, Sanofi-Synthélabo merged with Aventis and renamed to Sanofi-Aventis, which were each the product of several previous mergers. It changed its name back to Sanofi in May 2011. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. Sanofi engages in the research and development, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceutical drugs principally in the prescription market, but the firm also develops over-the-counter medication. The corporation covers seven major therapeutic areas: cardiovascular,

central nervous system The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is so named because the brain integrates the received information and coordinates and influences the activity of all p ...

diabetes Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia) over a prolonged period of time. Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst and increased ...

, internal medicine,

oncology Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study, treatment, diagnosis and prevention of cancer. A medical professional who practices oncology is an ''oncologist''. The name's etymological origin is the Greek word ὄγκος (''ó ...

, thrombosis and

vaccine A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious or malignant disease. The safety and effectiveness of vaccines has been widely studied and verified. ...

s (it is the world's largest producer of the latter through its subsidiary Sanofi Pasteur).

History

Sanofi-Synthélabo

Sanofi was founded in 1973 as a subsidiary of Elf Aquitaine (a French oil company subsequently acquired by

Total Total may refer to: Mathematics * Total, the summation of a set of numbers * Total order, a partial order without incomparable pairs * Total relation, which may also mean ** connected relation (a binary relation in which any two elements are comp ...

), when Elf Aquitaine took control of the Labaz group, a pharmaceutical company formed in 1947, by Sociéte Belge de l'Azote et des Produits Chimiques du Marly; Labaz developed

benziodarone Benziodarone is a vasodilator. * Bufeniode has the same aromatic substitution pattern. See also * Amiodarone * Benzbromarone, the brominated analogue of benziodarone, used as an uricosuric * Dronedarone Dronedarone, sold under the brand nam ...

in 1957. In 1993, Sanofi made a move into the Eastern Europe market by acquiring a controlling interest in Chinoin, a Hungarian drug company that had about US$104 million in sales in 1992.Staff, The Pharma Letter. Sept 20, 199
Sanofi Extends Holding in Chinoin
/ref> In that same year, Sanofi's made its first significant venture into the U.S., and strengthened its presence in Eastern Europe, by first partnering with

Sterling Winthrop Sterling Drug was an American global pharmaceutical company, also known as Sterling Winthrop, Inc. in its last years (after the merger with Winthrop-Stearns Inc. which itself resulted from the merger of ''Winthrop Chemical Company Inc.'' and '' ...

and then acquiring the prescription pharmaceuticals business in 1994. Sanofi was incorporated under the laws of France in 1994, as a ''société anonyme'', a form of limited liability company.Sanofi-Synthélab
Form 20F for the Fiscal Year ended 31 December 2002
/ref> Synthélabo was founded in 1970, through the merger of two French pharmaceutical laboratories, Laboratoires Dausse (founded in 1834) and Laboratoires Robert & Carrière (founded in 1899). In 1973, the French cosmetics group L'Oréal acquired the majority of its share capital. In 1991, Synthelabo acquired Laboratories Delalande and Laboratoires Delagrange, and through this deal picked up the product metoclopramide. Sanofi Synthelabo Logo

Sanofi-Synthélabo was formed in 1999, when Sanofi merged with Synthélabo; at the time of the merger Sanofi was the second largest pharmaceutical group in France in terms of sales and Synthélabo was the third largest. The merged company was based in Paris, France. The merged companies focused on pharmaceuticals, divesting several businesses soon after the merger, including beauty, diagnostics, animal health and nutrition, custom chemicals, and two medical equipment businesses.

Aventis

Aventis was formed in 1999, when French company Rhône-Poulenc S.A. merged with the German corporation Hoechst Marion Roussel, which itself was formed from the 1995 merger of

Hoechst AG Hoechst AG () was a German chemicals then life-sciences company that became Aventis Deutschland after its merger with France's Rhône-Poulenc S.A. in 1999. With the new company's 2004 merger with Sanofi-Synthélabo, it became a subsidiary of ...

with Cassella, Roussel Uclaf and Marion Merrell Dow.

, the majority partner at the time in Hoechst Marion Roussel, was itself a merger of two of the three forcibly separated subsidiaries of IG Farben, exploiter of Auschwitz slave labor and supplier of Zyklon B during The Holocaust. The merged company was based in Schiltigheim, near Strasbourg, France.Aventi
Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2002
/ref>Arturo Bris and Christos Cabolis
Corporate Governance Convergence Through Cross-Border Mergers The Case of Aventis
Chapter 4 i

Eds Greg N. Gregoriou, Luc Renneboog. Academic Press, 26 July 2007Lawton Robert Burns
The Business of Healthcare Innovation
Cambridge University Press, 26 July 2012 At the time of the merger, Rhône-Poulenc's business included the pharmaceutical businesses Rorer, Centeon (blood products), and Pasteur Merieux (vaccines), the plant and animal health businesses Rhône-Poulenc Agro, Rhône-Poulenc Animal Nutrition, and

Merial Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health is a multinational animal health company, formed in January 2017 when Merial was acquired by Boehringer Ingelheim and merged with Boehringer Ingelheim's existing animal health assets. Overview In August 1997, ...

, and a 67 percent share in Rhodia, a speciality chemicals company. Hoechst, one of the companies resulting from the post-WWII split of IG Farben, had seven primary businesses: Hoechst Marion Roussel (pharmaceuticals),

AgrEvo Plant Genetic Systems (PGS), since 2002 part of Bayer CropScience, is a biotech company located in Ghent, Belgium. The focus of its activities is the genetic engineering of plants. The company is best known for its work in the development of inse ...

(a joint venture with Schering in crop protection agents and pest control products), HR Vet (veterinary products), Dade Behring (diagnostics), Centeon, Celanese (chemicals), and Messer (chemicals). Merieux has been in the business of selling blood products, and in the 1980s during the AIDS epidemic, Merieux and other companies were involved in scandals related to HIV- contaminated haemophilia blood products that were sold to developing nations. In 2000, Aventis and Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a US biotechnology company formed to discover new drugs based on the then-new science of genomics, announced that Aventis would make a $250M investment in Millennium and would pay $200M to Millennium in research fees over five years, one of the largest such deals between a big pharmaceutical company and a biotech company at the time. In late 2000, in the midst of the recall of Starlink, its genetically modified maize product, Aventis announced that it had determined to sell off Aventis Cropscience, the seed and pesticide business unit it had created from the agriculture businesses of its predecessors. In October 2001, Bayer and Aventis announced that Bayer would acquire the unit for about $6.6 billion, with the unit becoming Bayer CropScience and making Bayer the world's second-largest agrochemical company behind

Syngenta Syngenta AG is a provider of agricultural science and technology, in particular seeds and pesticides with its management headquarters in Basel, Switzerland. It is owned by ChemChina, a Chinese state-owned enterprise. Syngenta was founded ...

. In 2003, Aventis entered into a collaboration with Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, a New York biotechnology company, to develop Regeneron's VEGF-inhibiting drug, aflibercept, in the field of cancer, which was then in

Phase I Phase 1, Phase I or Phase One may refer to: Media * Marvel Cinematic Universe: Phase One, six American superhero films from 2008–2012 * ''Phase One'' (Art Ensemble of Chicago album), 1971 * ''Phase One'' (Saga album), 1998 * ''Phase One'', r ...

clinical trials. Aventis invested $45 million in Regeneron and made an upfront payment of $80 million in cash. Regeneron partnered the drug with Bayer Healthcare in the field of proliferative eye diseases, and under the name Eylea it was approved by the U.S.

Food and Drug Administration The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the control and supervision of food ...

(FDA) in 2011; after several setbacks in clinical trials, Regeneron and Sanofi got the drug approved in metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with other agents, under the brand name Zaltrap in 2012.

Sanofi-Aventis merger

Sanofi-Aventis was formed in 2004, when Sanofi-Synthélabo acquired Aventis. In early 2004, Sanofi-Synthélabo made a hostile takeover bid worth €47.8 billion for Aventis. Initially, Aventis rejected the bid because it felt that the bid offered inferior value based on the company's share value, and the board of Aventis went so far as to enact poison pill provisions and to invite

Novartis Novartis AG is a Swiss-American multinational pharmaceutical corporation based in Basel, Switzerland and Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States (global research).name="novartis.com">https://www.novartis.com/research-development/research-loc ...

to enter merger negotiations. The three-month takeover battle concluded when Sanofi-Synthélabo launched a friendly bid of €54.5 billion in place of the previously rejected hostile bid. The

French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...

government played a strong role, desiring what it called a "local solution", by putting heavy pressure on Sanofi-Synthélabo to raise its bid for Aventis and for Aventis to accept the offer and by rejecting Aventis' poison pill proposal. One of the largest risks in the deal for both sides, was the fate of the patents protecting Clopidogrel (Plavix) which was one of the top-selling drugs in the world at the time and the major source of Sanofi's revenue.

Post-merger activities

In 2006, Iraqis infected with HIV sued Sanofi and Baxter due to HIV- contaminated haemophilia blood products sold by Merieux in the 1980s. In 2006, the US patents on clopidogrel (Plavix) were challenged when a Canadian generics company, Apotex, filed an Abbreviated New Drug Application under the

Hatch-Waxman Act The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act (Public Law 98-417), informally known as the Hatch-Waxman Act, is a 1984 United States federal law that encourages the manufacture of generic drugs by the pharmaceutical industry and es ...

, received FDA approval, and started marketing a generic clopidogrel. While Sanofi-Aventis and its partner on the drug, Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), were able to get an injunction to stop Apotex from selling the drug, the case became complicated when settlement negotiations fell apart twice – the second time due to an

oral agreement An oral contract is a contract, the terms of which have been agreed by spoken communication. This is in contrast to a written contract, where the contract is a written document. There may be written, or other physical evidence, of an oral contract ...

made by BMS CEO Peter Dolan that BMS failed to disclose to the Federal Trade Commission during the review of the settlement agreement to ensure that it did not violate antitrust law. When Apotex disclosed the oral agreement to the FTC, the FTC launched an investigation that led to Dolan being fired by BMS. Apotex finally lost on the patent litigation issues after its third appeal was decided in favor of BMS/Sanofi in November 2011; Apotex had to pay ~$442 million in damages and ~$108 million in interest for infringing the patent, which it paid in full by February 2012. Apotex also sued BMS and Sanofi for $3.4 billion for allegedly breaching the settlement agreement, and Apotex lost a jury trial in March 2013. In 2007, Sanofi-Aventis expanded on Aventis' prior relationship with Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; in the new deal Sanofi-Aventis agreed to pay Regeneron $100 million each year for five years, under which Regeneron would use its monoclonal antibody discovery platform to create new biopharmaceuticals, which Sanofi-Aventis gained the exclusive right to co-develop. In 2009, the companies expanded the deal to $160 million per year and extended it through 2017.Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. 11 November 200
Sanofi-Aventis Commits Over $2.8B to Regeneron in mAb Discovery Alliance
/ref> , the collaboration had four antibodies in clinical development and had filed an IND for a fifth. Two were against undisclosed targets, one targeted the interleukin-6 receptor as a treatment for

rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects synovial joint, joints. It typically results in warm, swollen, and painful joints. Pain and stiffness often worsen following rest. Most commonly, the wrist and ...

, another targeted nerve growth factor for the treatment of pain, and another targeted delta-like ligand 4 as a treatment of cancer. Between 2008, when Chris Viehbacher was hired as CEO, and 2010, the company spent more than $17 billion in mergers and acquisitions to strengthen its consumer healthcare and generics platforms, especially in emerging markets, in the face of looming patent cliffs and the growth of the consumer healthcare segment. In September, Zentiva was acquired for €1.8 billion, expanding the group's eastern European markets presence. In 2009, Medley Farma, the third largest pharmaceutical company in Brazil and a leading generics company in that country, was acquired for about $635 million.Leigh Kamping-Carder for Law360. 20 May 201
Brazil Clears Sanofi's $635M Medley Pharma Buy
/ref> Sanofi outbid Teva Pharmaceuticals. The deal was approved by Brazil's antitrust authorities in May 2010. Later that year, Indian vaccine manufacturer Shantha Biotechnics was acquired for $784 million. In October Sanofi-Aventis announced that it would lay off about 1,700 US employees (about 25% of its US workforce) due to restructuring triggered by growing generic competition and other factors, and that the company would focus its US operations on diabetes, atrial fibrillation and oncology. In 2010, U.S. consumer healthcare company Chattem, Inc. was acquired for around $1.9 billion. In the same year, Nepentes Pharma was acquired for $130 million and BMP Sunstone Corporation for $520.6 million.

Name change, acquisitions and investments

The company dropped the -Aventis suffix of its name on 6 May 2011, after receiving approval at its annual general meeting. The reason given by the company for the change was to make its name easier to pronounce in countries such as China. In 2011, Genzyme Corporation was acquired for around $20.1 billion. This biotechnology company headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts specializes in the treatment of orphan diseases, renal diseases, endocrinology, oncology and biosurgery. In January 2012, Sanofi co-invested in the $125 million

Series A financing A series A round (also known as series A financing or series A investment) is the name typically given to a company's first significant round of venture capital financing. The name refers to the class of preferred stock sold to investors in exchan ...

of Warp Drive Bio. Sanofi sought support for its internal cancer research program and also took on an obligation to acquire Warp Drive if certain milestones were met. In January 2014, Genzyme and Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, a US biotechnology company developing RNAi therapeutics, announced that Genyzme would invest $700 million in Alnylam. Under the deal, Genzyme obtained further rights to patisiran, an RNAi treatment for transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis – a condition that can result in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy and familial amyloidotic cardiomyopathy - and obtained rights to other compounds in Alnylam's pipeline. In March 2014, Sanofi joined the bidding for Merck & Co.'s over-the-counter health-products unit, the maker of Coppertone sunblock and

Claritin Loratadine, sold under the brand name Claritin among others, is a medication used to treat allergies. This includes allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and hives. It is also available in combination with pseudoephedrine, a decongestant, known as ...

allergy medicine; bids were expected to range between $10 billion and $12 billion. In October 2014, Sanofi's directors fired US-resident chief executive Chris Viehbacher, blaming his alleged lack of communication with the board and poor execution of his strategy. Board chairperson Serge Weinberg took over as interim CEO until 2 April 2015 when Bayer Healthcare board chairperson

Olivier Brandicourt Olivier Brandicourt (born 13 February 1956) is a French business executive and physician, and the former chief executive officer of Sanofi. Career Olivier Brandicourt studied medicine in Paris and specialized in infectious diseases and tropica ...

(appointed by Sanofi on 19 February 2015) took over. Before Brandicourt even started his new job, French government ministers

Stéphane Le Foll Stéphane Le Foll (; born 3 February 1960) is a French politician serving as Mayor of Le Mans since 2018. A member of the Socialist Party, he was Minister of Agriculture under President François Hollande from 2012 to 2017. Biography Early p ...

and Ségolène Royal attacked the $4.5 million golden handshake he was getting from Sanofi – and his pay of about $4.7 million a year. Further, in 2014, the business took a 66% stake in Globalpharma, Dubai-based generics manufacturer. In July 2015, Genzyme announced it would acquire the rare cancer drug Caprelsa ( vandetanib) from

AstraZeneca AstraZeneca plc () is a British-Swedish multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology company with its headquarters at the Cambridge Biomedical Campus in Cambridge, England. It has a portfolio of products for major diseases in areas includ ...

for up to $300 million. In the same month in July 2015, the company announced a new global collaboration with Regeneron Pharmaceuticals to discover, develop, and commercialise new immuno-oncology drugs, which could generate more than $2 billion for Regeneron, with $640 million upfront, $750 million for proof of concept data and $650 million from the development of REGN2810. In June 2016, the company announced it had struck an asset-swap deal with Boehringer Ingelheim. Sanofi would sell its

animal health division (valuing it at €11.4 billion), whilst acquiring Boehringer's consumer health division (valuing it at €6.7 billion) and €4.7 billion in cash. The deal means Sanofi is now one of the global consumer healthcare leaders by market share. In July 2017, the company announced its intention to acquire Protein Sciences, a privately held, Connecticut-based vaccines biotechnology company, for $650 million and with up to $100 million in milestone achievements. In January 2018, Sanofi announced that it would acquire Bioverativ for $11.6 billion and days later announced it would acquire Ablynx for €3.9 billion ($4.8 billion). In December 2019, the company announced it would acquire Synthorx for $2.5 billion ($68 per share), adding the lead product candidate THOR-707 (SAR444245), a form of interleukin-2 (IL-2) being developed for use against multiple solid tumours. In October 2022, Sanofi announced that it had stopped the ongoing Phase 2 tests of THOR-707 (SAR444245) because the drug’s efficacy “was lower than projected”. Sanofi would take a roughly $1.6 billion impairment charge because of delays to the program. In May 2020 Regeneron announced it would repurchase around $5 billion of its shares, held directly by Sanofi. Prior to the transaction Sanofi held 23.2 million Regeneron shares. In June, the company announced it had agreed a potential $2 billion deal with Translate Bio, expanding an already existing collaboration for COVID-19 treatments. The company agreed to produce 60 million doses of a coronavirus vaccine for the United Kingdom government in July 2020. It uses recombinant protein-based technology for Sanofi's flu vaccine along with GSK's pandemic technology and was seeking regulatory approval by the first half of 2021. Sanofi also agreed to a $2.1 billion deal with the United States for 100 million doses. In August, Sanofi announced it would acquire

Principia Biopharma Principia may refer to: * '' Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica'', Isaac Newton's three-volume work about his laws of motion and universal gravitation * Principia ( "primary buildings"), the headquarters at the center of Roman forts ( l ...

for $3.7 billion, acquiring its BTK inhibitor programme. The acquisition was completed in September 2020. In November, Sanofi announced it would acquire Kiadis Pharma for €308 million (around $359 million, or €5.45 per share) expanding its immuno-oncology pipeline with the acquisition of Kiadis' three clinical compounds: K-NK002 in Phase II trials for

hematopoietic stem cell Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells that give rise to other blood cells. This process is called haematopoiesis. In vertebrates, the very first definitive HSCs arise from the ventral endothelial wall of the embryonic aorta withi ...

transplants in blood cancer, K-NK003 for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia and K-NK-ID101 for

COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quickl ...

. In January 2021, Sanofi announced it would buy the British biotech, Kymab Ltd and its potential first-in-class drug candidate – KY1005 –- for $1.45 billion. In April, the business announced it would acquire Tidal Therapeutics for up to $470m. in August the company announced it would acquire Translate Bio and its mRNA vaccine technology for $3.2 billion. On 8 September, Sanofi announced it will acquire US biotech company

Kadmon Corporation Kadmon Corporation (originally ''Kadmon Pharmaceuticals'') is a biopharmaceutical company based in New York City. It also has operations in Warrendale, PA and Brighton, MA. The company was founded in 2009 by Samuel D. Waksal, founder and former ...

for $1.9 billion On 18 November, it was reported that Sanofi would be investing $180 million in French startup Owkin, whose predictive algorithms aim to improve the research and development of new cures against cancer. In December, the company announced it would acquire Origimm Biotechnology GmbH and its acne vaccine candidate ( ORI-001), as well as Amunix Pharmaceuticals for an initial $1 billion, plus potentially $200 million in additional milestones. In April 2022, Sanofi broke ground on its biggest industrial investment, a $638m vaccine and enzymes production facility in Tuas,

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...

, targeted for completion in 2025.

Company financials

Note. In 2001—2004 – Sanofi-Synthélabo, in 2004—2011 – Sanofi-Aventis.

Acquisition history

*Sanofi **Sanofi–Aventis *** Aventis (Merged 2004) **** Rhône-Poulenc (Merged 1999) *****Rorer *****Centeon *****Pasteur Merieux *****Rhône-Poulenc Agro *****Rhône-Poulenc Animal Nutrition *****Merial (Sold to Boehringer Ingelheim 2016) ***** Rhodia **** Hoechst Marion Roussel (Merged 1999) *****

*****HR Vet ***** Dade Behring *****Centeon ***** Celanese *****Messer *** Sanofi-Synthélabo (Merged 2004) ****Sanofi (Est 1973 as subsidiary of Elf Aquitaine) *****Midy *****

(Acq 1994) ****

Synthélabo Sanofi S.A. is a French multinational pharmaceutical and healthcare company headquartered in Paris, France. Originally, the corporation was established in 1973 and merged with Synthélabo in 1999 to form Sanofi-Synthélabo. In 2004, Sanofi-Syn ...

*****Laboratoires Dausse (Founded 1834, merged 1970) *****Robert & Carrière (Founded 1899, merged 1970) *** Zentiva (Acq 2008) ****Leciva Slovakofarma (Acq 2003) ****Sicomed SA Bucharest (Acq 2005) ***Medley Farma (Acq 2009) ***Shantha Biotechnics (Acq 2009) ***Chattem (Acq 2010) ***Nepentes Pharma (Acq 2010) ***BMP Sunstone Corporation (Acq 2010) ** Genzyme Corporation (Acq 2011) ***Whatman Biochemicals Ltd (Acq 1981) ***Koch-Light Laboratories (Acq 1982) ***Integrated Genetics (Acq 1989, spun off 1991) ***Genecore International (Diagnostic enzyme div, acq 1991) ***Medix Biotech, Inc. (Acq 1992) ***Enzymatix Ltd (Acq 1992) ***Vivigen (Acq 1992) ***Virotech (Acq 1993) ***Omni Res srl (Acq 1993) ***Sygena Ltd (Acq 1994) ***BioSurface Technology Inc. (Acq 1994) ***TSI Inc. (Acq 1994) ***PharmaGenics, Inc. (Acq 1997) ***Biomatrix (Acq 2000) ***SangStat Medical Corp. (Acq 2003) ***Ilex Oncology Inc. (Acq 2004) ***Bone Care International Inc. (Acq 2005) ***AnorMED Inc. (Acq 2006) ***Bioenvision (Acq 2007) **Protein Sciences (Acq 2017) ** Bioverativ (Acq 2018) ***True North Therapeutics (Acq 2017) ** Ablynx (Acq 2018) **Synthorx (Acq 2019) **Principia Biopharma (Acq 2020) **Kiadis Pharma (Acq 2020) **Kymab Ltd (Acq 2021) **Tidal Therapeutics (Acq 2021) **Translate Bio (Acq 2021) **

(Acq 2021) **Origimm Biotechnology GmbH (Acq 2021) **Amunix Pharmaceuticals (Acq 2021)

Products

The following products are found on the Sanofi Genzyme website. Generic drug names are given in parentheses following the brand name. – Autoimmune *

Aubagio Teriflunomide, sold under the brand name Aubagio, is the active metabolite of leflunomide. Teriflunomide was investigated in the Phase III clinical trial TEMSO as a medication for multiple sclerosis (MS). The study was completed in July 2010. 2-y ...

( Teriflunomide), small molecule for multiple sclerosis. Approved by the FDA in September 2012. *

Auvi-Q An epinephrine autoinjector (or adrenaline autoinjector, also known by the trademark EpiPen) is a medical device for injecting a measured dose or doses of epinephrine (adrenaline) by means of autoinjector technology. It is most often used for the ...

( Epinephrine autoinjector), licensed from Intelliject and approved by the FDA in 2012, for emergency treatment of life-threatening allergic reactions. Product recall and effects: The Epinephrine auto-injection devices made by Sanofi SA currently on the market in the U.S. and Canada were voluntarily recalled on 28 October 2015. The reason stated by Sanofi was that the products have been found to potentially have inaccurate dosage delivery, which may include failure to deliver drug. Sanofi US also added the following warning: If a patient experiencing a serious allergic reaction (i.e., anaphylaxis) did not receive the intended dose, there could be significant health consequences, including death because anaphylaxis is a potentially life‑threatening condition. In its news release on 28 October 2015, Sanofi Canada stated that it was "actively working with suppliers of alternative epinephrine auto-injectors to have a full stock available in Canada as soon as possible. Canadian customers were asked to immediately return the Allerject product to their local pharmacy to obtain an alternate epinephrine auto-injector." The U.S.

(FDA) also filed a news release confirming that the recall involves all Auvi-Q currently on the market in the U.S. The FDA release went on to provide information for consumers re: exchanging the device for another brand of product, also provided on the Auvi-Q web site. Sanofi US will provide reimbursement for out of pocket costs incurred for the purchase of new, alternate epinephrine auto-injectors with proof of purchase. The alternate products expected to most commonly replace the recalled Sanofi devices are the EpiPens made by Mylan in the US and by Pfizer—under license from Mylan—in Canada. Mylan already had an 85% market share of the auto-injectors in the US in the first half of 2015. Maylan was expected to benefit from the recall by its competitor Sanofi, according to a report published in the Fierce Pharma newsletter of 2 November 2015: "....it is very hard to see Auvi-Q returning to the market, as it will need to be redesigned and face uphill battle to recapture patient trust after the recall," Bernstein analyst Ronny Gal wrote in a note to clients. Gal also believes that the company will eventually have 95% of the Epinephrine auto-injector market, according to another Fierce Pharma report on 3 November 2015. – Cardiovascular *

Adenoscan Adenosine (symbol A) is an organic compound that occurs widely in nature in the form of diverse derivatives. The molecule consists of an adenine attached to a ribose via a β-N9- glycosidic bond. Adenosine is one of the four nucleoside building ...

( Adenosine), for arrhythmias, marketed by Astellas. *

Altace Ramipril, sold under the brand name Altace among others, is an ACE inhibitor type medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It can also be used as a preventative medication in patients over 55 year ...

( Ramipril), for hypertension, marketed by Pfizer. * Arixtra ( Fondaparinux), for thrombosis, marketed by GlaxoSmithKline and now owned by Mylan. *

Avalide Irbesartan, sold under the brand name Avapro among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. It is taken by mouth. Versio ...

( Irbesartan), for hypertension, marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. * Avapro ( Irbesartan), for hypertension, marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. *

Cardizem Diltiazem, sold under the brand name Cardizem among others, is a calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and certain heart arrhythmias. It may also be used in hyperthyroidism if beta blockers cannot be us ...

( Diltiazem), for hypertension, Now owned by Bausch Health. *

Cholestagel Colesevelam is a bile acid sequestrant administered orally. It was developed by GelTex Pharmaceuticals and later acquired by Genzyme. It is marketed in the U.S. by Daiichi Sankyo under the brand name Welchol and elsewhere by Genzyme as Cholestage ...

( Colesevelam), for low-calorie diet and exercise. *

Cordarone Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat and prevent a number of types of cardiac dysrhythmias. This includes ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), and wide complex tachycardia, as well as atrial fibrillat ...

( Amiodarone), for heart rhythm problems. * Iprivask (

Desirudin Hirudin is a naturally occurring peptide in the salivary glands of blood-sucking leeches (such as ''Hirudo medicinalis'') that has a blood anticoagulant property. This is fundamental for the leeches’ habit of feeding on blood, since it keeps a h ...

), for atherothrombosis, Now owned by Bausch Health. *

Kynamro Mipomersen (INN; trade name Kynamro) is a drug used to treat homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and is administered by subcutaneous injection. There is a serious risk of liver damage from this drug and it can only be prescribed in the cont ...

( Mipomersen), an antisense drug invented by

Isis Pharmaceuticals Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a biotechnology company based in Carlsbad, California, that specializes in discovering and developing RNA-targeted therapeutics. The company has 3 commercially approved medicines: Spinraza (Nusinersen), Tegsedi (In ...

and acquired by Genzyme in 2008, (pre-Sanofi) and approved by the FDA in 2013, for the orphan disease homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. * Lasix ( Furosemide), for edema. * Lovenox ( Enoxaparin), for thrombosis, (its biggest seller in 2008). * Multaq ( Dronedarone), for cardiac arrhythmias. *

Nitrolingual Nitroglycerin, also known as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), is a medication used for heart failure, high blood pressure, anal fissures, painful periods, and to treat and prevent chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to the heart (angina) or ...

( Nitroglycerin), for chest pain and angina, marketed by G. Pohl-Boskamp GmbH & Co. * Plavix ( Clopidogrel), for atherothrombosis, marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. *

Praluent Alirocumab, sold under the brand name Praluent, is a medication used as a second-line treatment for high cholesterol for adults whose cholesterol is not controlled by diet and statin treatment. It is a human monoclonal antibody that belongs t ...

( Alirocumab), for heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, marketed by Regeneron. * Ranexa ( Ranolazine), for stable angina, marketed by Gilead Sciences. –

Dermatology Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin.''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.'' Random House, Inc. 2001. Page 537. . It is a speciality with both medical and surgical aspects. A List of dermatologists, dermatologist ...

* Dupixent ( Dupilumab), for eczema, marketed by Regeneron. *

Dynabac Dirithromycin is a macrolide glycopeptide antibiotic. Dirithromycin (Dynabac) is a more lipid-soluble prodrug derivative of 9S-erythromycyclamine prepared by condensation of the latter with 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetaldehyde. The 9N, 11O-oxazine rin ...

(

Dirithromycin Dirithromycin is a macrolide glycopeptide antibiotic. Dirithromycin (Dynabac) is a more lipid-soluble prodrug derivative of 9S-erythromycyclamine prepared by condensation of the latter with 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetaldehyde. The 9N, 11O-oxazine rin ...

), for acute bacteria exacerbations. * Sklice ( Ivermectin), for head lice, now owned by Arbor Pharmaceuticals. –

Diabetes Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia) over a prolonged period of time. Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst and increased ...

* Adlyxin ( Lixisenatide), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Admelog (insulin lispro), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

Afrezza Inhalable insulin is a powdered form of insulin, delivered with an inhaler into the lungs where it is absorbed. In general inhaled insulins have been more rapidly absorbed than Subcutaneous injection, subcutaneous injected insulin, with faster peak ...

( Inhalable insulin), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Amaryl (

Glimepiride Glimepiride, is an anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is less preferred than metformin. Use is recommended together with diet and exercise. It is taken by mouth. Glimepiride takes up to three hours for maximum effect and l ...

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Apidra (insulin glulisine), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Diabeta ( Glyburide), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

Glucophage Metformin, sold under the brand name Glucophage, among others, is the main first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, particularly in people who are overweight. It is also used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. I ...

( Metformin), for type 2 diabetes mellitus, marketed by EMD Serono. * Insuman ( Human insulin), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

Lantus Insulin glargine, sold under the brand name Lantus among others, is a long-acting modified form of medical insulin, used in the management of type I and type II diabetes. It is typically the recommended long acting insulin in the United Kingd ...

(insulin glargine), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Soliqua (insulin glargine/lixisenatide), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Toujeo (insulin glargine), for type 1 and type 2

diabetes mellitus Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia) over a prolonged period of time. Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst and increased ...

. –

Endocrinology Endocrinology (from ''endocrine'' + '' -ology'') is a branch of biology Biology is the scientific study of life. It is a natural science with a broad scope but has several unifying themes that tie it together as a single, coherent field ...

* Adlyxin ( Lixisenatide), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Admelog (insulin lispro), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

( Inhalable insulin), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Amaryl (

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Apidra (insulin glulisine), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

( Colesevelam), for low-calorie diet and exercise. * Diabeta ( Glyburide), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

( Metformin), for type 2 diabetes mellitus, marketed by EMD Serono. *

Hectorol Doxercalciferol (or 1-hydroxyergocalciferol, trade name Hectorol) is drug for secondary hyperparathyroidism and metabolic bone disease. It is a synthetic analog of ergocalciferol (vitamin D2). It suppresses parathyroid synthesis and secretion ...

( Doxercalciferol), for parathyroid hormone. * Insuman ( Human insulin), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

(insulin glargine), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

Skelid Tiludronic acid (INN; also known as tiludronate) is a bisphosphonate used for treatment of Paget's disease of bone (osteitis deformans) in human medicine. It has the tradename Skelid. In veterinary medicine, tiludronic acid is used to treat navi ...

( Tiludronic acid), for Paget's disease of bone. * Soliqua (insulin glargine/lixisenatide), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Toujeo (insulin glargine), for type 1 and type 2

. – Gastroenterology *

Lanzor Lansoprazole, sold under the brand name Prevacid among others, is a medication which reduces stomach acid. It is used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. Effectiveness is similar to ...

( Lansoprazole), for acid reflux disease. * Seprafilm ( Adhesion barrier), for internal adhesions. * Zaltrap ( Aflibercept), recombinant fusion protein, approved in metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with other agents in 2012, marketed by Regeneron. – Hematology * Alprolix ( Factor IX), for hemophilia B. * Arixtra ( Fondaparinux), for thrombosis, marketed by GlaxoSmithKline and now owned by Mylan. * Cablivi (

Caplacizumab Caplacizumab (INN; trade name Cablivi) is a bivalent single-domain antibody (VHH) designed for the treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and thrombosis. This drug was developed by Ablynx NV. On 30 August 2018, it was approved i ...

), for thrombosis. * Campath ( Alemtuzumab), for multiple sclerosis. * Clolar ( Clofarabine), for leukemia. * Eloctate ( Factor VIII), for hemophilia A. *

Ferrlecit Sodium ferric gluconate complex, sold under the brand name Ferrlecit, is an intravenously administered iron medication for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in adults and in children aged six years and older with chronic kidney disease rece ...

(

Sodium ferric gluconate complex Sodium ferric gluconate complex, sold under the brand name Ferrlecit, is an intravenously administered iron medication for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. Anemia is defined as ...

), for iron deficiency anemia. *

Fludara Fludarabine is a purine analogue and antineoplastic agent. It is generally used as its 5-O-phosphorylated form known as fludarabine phosphate, sold under the brand name Fludara among others. It is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatmen ...

( Fludarabine), for leukemia. *

Mozobil Plerixafor (INN and USAN, trade name Mozobil) is an immunostimulant used to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells in cancer patients into the bloodstream. The stem cells are then extracted from the blood and transplanted back to the patient. The drug ...

( Plerixafor), for macrocycle, approved by the FDA for peripheral blood stem cell mobilizer for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma in December 2008. * Oforta ( Fludarabine), for leukemia. * Thymoglobulin, for hemophilia A. * Zemaira ( Alpha-1 antitrypsin), for chronic augmentation, Now owned by CSL Behring. – Infectious diseases * Antibiotics: * Amoklavin ( Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) *

Claforan Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections in human, other animals and plant tissue culture. Specifically in humans it is used to treat joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, meningitis, pneumonia, urinary ...

( Cefotaxime) * Priftin ( Rifapentine) * Suprax (

Cefixime Cefixime, sold under the brand name Suprax among others, is an antibiotic medication used to treat a number of bacterial infections. These infections include otitis media, strep throat, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and Lyme d ...

) *

Tavanic Levofloxacin, sold under the brand name Levaquin among others, is an antibiotic medication. It is used to treat a number of bacterial infections including acute bacterial sinusitis, pneumonia, H. pylori (in combination with other medications), ...

( Levofloxacin) * Vaccines: **Bacterial diseases: *

ActHIB The ''Haemophilus influenzae'' type B vaccine, also known as Hib vaccine, is a vaccine used to prevent ''Haemophilus influenzae'' type b (Hib) infection. In countries that include it as a routine vaccine, rates of severe Hib infections have de ...

(

Hib vaccine The ''Haemophilus influenzae'' type B vaccine, also known as Hib vaccine, is a vaccine used to prevent ''Haemophilus influenzae'' type b (Hib) infection. In countries that include it as a routine vaccine, rates of severe Hib infections have de ...

) * Adacel ( DPT vaccine) *

Daptacel The DPT vaccine or DTP vaccine is a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and either kille ...

( DPT vaccine) * Dengvaxia (

Dengue vaccine Dengue vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent dengue fever in humans. Development of dengue vaccines began in the 1920s, but was hindered by the need to create immunity against all four dengue serotypes. As of 2022, there are two commercially ava ...

) *

Menactra Meningococcal vaccine refers to any vaccine used to prevent infection by ''Neisseria meningitidis''. Different versions are effective against some or all of the following types of meningococcus: A, B, C, W-135, and Y. The vaccines are between 85 ...

( Meningococcal infections) * Mycobax ( Tuberculosis vaccine) * Pentacel ( DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine) * Pneumo 23 (

Pneumococcal infections A pneumococcal infection is an infection caused by the bacterium ''Streptococcus pneumoniae'', which is also called the pneumococcus. ''S. pneumoniae'' is a common member of the bacterial flora colonizing the nose and throat of 5–10% of healthy ...

) * Quadracel ( DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine) *

Shanchol Cholera vaccines are vaccines that are effective at preventing cholera. For the first six months after vaccination they provide about 85percent protection, which decreases to 50percent or 62percent during the first year. After two years the level ...

( Cholera vaccine) *

Synercid Quinupristin/dalfopristin, or quinupristin-dalfopristin, (pronunciation: kwi NYOO pris tin / dal FOE pris tin) (trade name Synercid) is a combination of two antibiotics used to treat infections by staphylococci and by vancomycin-resistant ''Enter ...

( Quinupristin/dalfopristin), marketed by Pfizer. * Tenivac (

Tetanus vaccine Tetanus vaccine, also known as tetanus toxoid (TT), is a toxoid vaccine used to prevent tetanus. During childhood, five doses are recommended, with a sixth given during adolescence. After three doses, almost everyone is initially immune, but a ...

) * Tripedia ( DPT vaccine), discontinued in 2012. * Tubersol ( Tuberculosis vaccine) * Typhim Vi ( Typhoid fever) * Vaccin Tetanique Pasteur (

) **Viral diseases: * ACAM 2000 ( Smallpox vaccine), eradicated in 1980 (vaccine produced as a measure in response to the threat of bioterrorism). * Avaxim ( Hepatitis A vaccine) *

Flublok Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots, are vaccines that protect against infection by influenza viruses. New versions of the vaccines are developed twice a year, as the influenza virus rapidly changes. While their effectiveness varies fr ...

( Influenza vaccine) * Fluzone ( Influenza vaccine) * Hbvaxpro (

Hepatitis B vaccine Hepatitis B vaccine is a vaccine that prevents hepatitis B. The first dose is recommended within 24 hours of birth with either two or three more doses given after that. This includes those with poor immune function such as from HIV/AIDS and ...

) * Imovax Polio ( Polio vaccine) * Imovax Rabies ( Rabies vaccine) *

Ipol Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). Two types are used: an inactivated poliovirus given by injection (IPV) and a weakened poliovirus given by mouth (OPV). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends all chil ...

( Polio vaccine) * Ixiaro ( Japanese encephalitis) * M-M-RVaxPro ( MMR vaccine) * Rouvax ( Measles vaccine) * Rudivax ( Rubella vaccine) * Stamaril ( Yellow fever vaccine) *

Vaxigrip Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots, are vaccines that protect against infection by influenza viruses. New versions of the vaccines are developed twice a year, as the influenza virus rapidly changes. While their effectiveness varies fro ...

( Influenza vaccine) * YF-VAX ( Yellow fever vaccine) – Metabolic * Actonel ( Risedronic acid), for osteoporosis and Paget's disease, now owned by Allergan. * Renagel ( Sevelamer) hydrochloride, for

end stage renal disease Kidney failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste products from the blood, functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. Kidney failure is classified as ei ...

. *

Renvela Sevelamer (rINN) is a phosphate binding medication used to treat hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. When taken with meals, it binds to dietary phosphate and prevents its absorption. Sevelamer was invented and developed by ...

( Sevelamer) hydrochloride, for

. – Neurology * Ambien ( Zolpidem), for insomnia. * Ambien CR ( Zolpidem), for insomnia. *

( Teriflunomide), for multiple sclerosis. * Depakine ( Valproic acid), for

epilepsy Epilepsy is a group of non-communicable neurological disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. Epileptic seizures can vary from brief and nearly undetectable periods to long periods of vigorous shaking due to abnormal electrical ...

, now owned by AbbVie. *

Depakote Valproate (VPA) and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and prevent migraine headaches. They are useful for the prevention of seizures in those ...

( Valproate semisodium), for

, now owned by AbbVie. * Hyalgan ( Sodium hyaluronate), for blood tests. *

Lemtrada Alemtuzumab, sold under the brand names Campath and Lemtrada among others, is a medication used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple sclerosis. In CLL, it has been used as both a first line and second line treatment. In MS it ...

( Alemtuzumab), for multiple sclerosis. * Pediapred ( Prednisolone), for multiple sclerosis. *

Rilutek Riluzole is a medication used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other motor neuron diseases. Riluzole delays the onset of ventilator-dependence or tracheostomy in some people and may increase survival by two to three months. Riluzole is ...

( Riluzole), for ALS. *

Sabril Vigabatrin, brand name Sabril, is a medication used to treat epilepsy. It became available as a generic medication in 2019. It works by inhibiting the breakdown of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It is also known as γ-vinyl-GABA, and is a structu ...

( Vigabatrin), for

, marketed by Lundbeck. –

Oncology Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study, treatment, diagnosis and prevention of cancer. A medical professional who practices oncology is an ''oncologist''. The name's etymological origin is the Greek word ὄγκος (''ó ...

Anzemet Dolasetron (trade name Anzemet) is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used to treat nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy. Its main effect is to reduce the activity of the vagus nerve, which is a nerve that activates the vomiting center i ...

( Dolasetron), for nausea and vomiting. * Campath ( Alemtuzumab), for multiple sclerosis. *

Caprelsa Vandetanib, sold under the brand name Caprelsa, is an anti-cancer medication that is used for the treatment of certain tumours of the thyroid gland. It acts as a kinase inhibitor of a number of cell receptors, mainly the vascular endothelial grow ...

( Vandetanib), for breast, colorectal cancer and female infertility. * Clolar ( Clofarabine), for leukemia. * Clomid ( Clomifene), for female infertility. * Dupixent ( Dupilumab), for eczema, marketed by Regeneron. *

Eligard Leuprorelin, also known as leuprolide, is a manufactured version of a hormone used to treat prostate cancer, breast cancer, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, as part of transgender hormone therapy, for early puberty, or to perform chemical castra ...

( Leuprorelin), for prostate cancer, marketed by Astellas. *

Elitek Rasburicase (trade names Elitek in the US and Fasturtec in the EU) is a medication that helps to clear uric acid from the blood. It is a recombinant version of urate oxidase, an enzyme that metabolizes uric acid to allantoin. Urate oxidase ...

( Rasburicase), for the treatment to help stop uric acid. * Eloxatin ( Oxaliplatin), for colorectal cancer. *

( Fludarabine), for leukemia. *

Gliadel Wafer Carmustine, sold under the brand name BiCNU among others, is a medication used mainly for chemotherapy. It is a nitrogen mustard β-chloro- nitrosourea compound used as an alkylating agent. Description Carmustine is an orange-yellow solid medica ...

(

Carmustine Carmustine, sold under the brand name BiCNU among others, is a medication used mainly for chemotherapy. It is a nitrogen mustard β-chloro- nitrosourea compound used as an alkylating agent. Description Carmustine is an orange-yellow solid medica ...

), for cancer, now owned by Arbor Pharmaceuticals. * Jevtana ( Cabazitaxel), for prostate cancer. * Kevzara ( Sarilumab), for blood tests, lung and

prostate cancer Prostate cancer is cancer of the prostate. Prostate cancer is the second most common cancerous tumor worldwide and is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among men. The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system that su ...

, marketed by Regeneron. * Libtayo (

Cemiplimab Cemiplimab, sold under the brand name Libtayo, is a monoclonal antibody medication for the treatment of squamous cell skin cancer. Cemiplimab belongs to a class of drugs that binds to the programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1), blocking the PD-1/PD- ...

), for squamous cell skin cancer, marketed by Regeneron. *

( Plerixafor), macrocycle, approved by the FDA for peripheral blood stem cell mobilizer for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma in December 2008. * Oforta ( Fludarabine), for leukemia. *

Taxotere Docetaxel (DTX or DXL), sold under the brand name Taxotere among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer, head and neck cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer and non-small ...

(

Docetaxel Docetaxel (DTX or DXL), sold under the brand name Taxotere among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer, head and neck cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer and non-small-cell ...

), for

breast The breast is one of two prominences located on the upper ventral region of a primate's torso. Both females and males develop breasts from the same embryological tissues. In females, it serves as the mammary gland, which produces and s ...

, lung and

. * Uroxatral (

Alfuzosin Alfuzosin, sold under the brand names Alfosoft and Uroxatral, among others, is a medication of the α1 blocker class. It is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). As an antagonist of the α1 adrenergic receptor, it works by relax ...

), for

benign prostatic hyperplasia Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also called prostate enlargement, is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. Symptoms may include frequent urination, trouble starting to urinate, weak stream, inability to urinate, or loss ...

. * Zaltrap ( Aflibercept), recombinant fusion protein, approved in metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with other agents in 2012, marketed by Regeneron. – Other * Aldurazyme (

Laronidase Iduronidase (, ''L-iduronidase'', ''alpha-L-iduronidase'', ''laronidase''), sold as Aldurazyme, is an enzyme with the systematic name ''glycosaminoglycan alpha-L-iduronohydrolase''. This enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of unsulfated alpha-L-idu ...

), for hurler syndrome. * Aplenzin ( Bupropion), for depression and quit smoking. * Captique ( Dermal filler), for facial wrinkles. * Carticel ( Knee cartilage replacement therapy), for knee pain. *

Cerdelga Eliglustat, sold under the brand name Cerdelga, is a medication used for the treatment of Gaucher's disease. It was discovered at the University of Michigan, developed by Genzyme Corp, and was approved by the FDA in August 2014. Commonly used as ...

( Eliglustat), for type 1 gaucher disease. * Ceredase ( Alglucerase), for Gaucher's disease. * Cerezyme ( Imiglucerase), for Gaucher's disease. * Elaprase (

Idursulfase Idursulfase (brand name Elaprase), manufactured by Takeda, is a drug used to treat Hunter syndrome (also called MPS-II). It is a purified form of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase and is produced by recombinant DNA technology Molecular ...

), marketed by Shire. * Epicel (cultured epidermal autografts), for thickness burns. * Fabrazyme ( Agalsidase), for Fabry disease. *

Flagyl Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. It is ...

( Metronidazole), for vaginal infections, marketed by Pfizer. * Hylaform Plus ( Injectable filler), for facial wrinkles. *

Lumizyme Alglucosidase alfa, sold under the brand name Myozyme among others, is an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) orphan drug for treatment of Pompe disease (Glycogen storage disease type II), a rare disease, rare lysosomal storage disorder (LSD). Chem ...

( Alglucosidase alfa), for Pompe disease. *

Myozyme Alglucosidase alfa, sold under the brand name Myozyme among others, is an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) orphan drug for treatment of Pompe disease (Glycogen storage disease type II), a rare lysosomal storage disorder (LSD). Chemically speaki ...

( Alglucosidase alfa), for Pompe disease. *

Sculptra Sculptra, , is a proprietary formulation of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) that is an FDA-approved dermal filler manufactured by Dermik Laboratories, which conducts the American business of Aventis Dermatology, the global dermatology unit of Aventis (of ...

( Polylactic acid), for facial fat loss. *

Thyrogen Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of ...

( Thyroid-stimulating hormone), for thyroid cancer. – Over the counter * Allegra ( Fexofenadine), for allergic rhinitis. *

Buscopan Hyoscine butylbromide, also known as scopolamine butylbromide and sold under the brandname Buscopan among others, is an anticholinergic medication used to treat crampy abdominal pain, esophageal spasms, renal colic, and bladder spasms. It is a ...

(

Hyoscine butylbromide Hyoscine butylbromide, also known as scopolamine butylbromide and sold under the brandname Buscopan among others, is an anticholinergic medication used to treat crampy abdominal pain, esophageal spasms, renal colic, and bladder spasms. It i ...

), for abdominal pain. * Maalox ( Calcium carbonate), an antacid. * Nasacort ( Triamcinolone), for allergic rhinitis. * Novaldol ( Paracetamol), for pain and fever. *

Unisom Doxylamine, sold under the brand name Unisom among others, is an antihistamine medication which is used in the treatment of insomnia and allergies. In combination with pyridoxine ( vitamin B6), it is also used to treat morning sickness in pregn ...

( Doxylamine), for night-time allergy and cold relief. * Xyzal ( Levocetirizine), for allergic rhinitis, marketed by UCB. * Telfast for Seasonal Allergy Relief * Enterogermina Medicine for

Diarrhea Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss. Signs of dehydration often begin ...

– Pain * Bi-profined ( Ketoprofen), for pain. *

Solpadol Codeine/paracetamol, also known as codeine/acetaminophen and co-codamol, is a compound analgesic consisting of a combination of codeine phosphate and paracetamol (acetaminophen). Codeine/paracetamol is used for the relief of mild to moderate pai ...

( Codeine), for chronic pain. – Respiratory and inflammatory diseases *

Atrovent Ipratropium bromide, sold under the trade name Atrovent among others, is a type of anticholinergic (SAMA: short acting muscarinic antagonist) medication which opens up the medium and large airways in the lungs. It is used to treat the symptoms ...

( Ipratropium bromide), for asthma, marketed by Boehringer Ingelheim. *

Azmacort Triamcinolone is a glucocorticoid used to treat certain skin diseases, allergies, and rheumatic disorders among others. It is also used to prevent worsening of asthma and COPD. It can be taken in various ways including by mouth, intramuscular, ...

( Triamcinolone), for asthma. *

(

), for acute bacterial exacerbations. *

Ketek Telithromycin is the first ketolide antibiotic to enter clinical use and is sold under the brand name of Ketek. It is used to treat community acquired pneumonia of mild to moderate severity. After significant safety concerns, the US Food and Drug ...

( Telithromycin), for community acquired pneumonia. * Priftin ( Rifapentine), for tuberculosis. *

Rifadin Rifampicin, also known as rifampin, is an ansamycin antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis (TB), ''Mycobacterium avium'' complex, leprosy, and Legionnaires’ disease. It is almost always used tog ...

( Rifampin), for tuberculosis. * Rifamate ( Isoniazid/rifampicin), for tuberculosis. * Rifater (

Rifampicin/isoniazid/pyrazinamide Rifampicin/isoniazid/pyrazinamide, also known as rifampin/isoniazid/pyrazinamide, and sold under the trade name Rifater, is a medication used to treat tuberculosis. It is a fixed dose combination of rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide. It i ...

), for tuberculosis. *

Tilade Nedocromil sodium is a medication considered as mast cell stabilizer which acts to prevent wheezing, shortness of breath, and other breathing problems caused by asthma. It is administered by an inhaler under the brand name Tilade, and as an eye dro ...

( Nedocromil), for asthma. * Zagam ( Sparfloxacin), for chronic bronchitis. * Zemaira ( Alpha-1 antitrypsin), for chronic augmentation, now owned by CSL Behring. * Mucosolvan Medicine for Cough –

Rheumatology Rheumatology (Greek ''ῥεῦμα'', ''rheûma'', flowing current) is a branch of medicine devoted to the diagnosis and management of disorders whose common feature is inflammation in the bones, muscles, joints, and internal organs. Rheumatolog ...

* Arava ( Leflunomide), for rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. * Kevzara ( Sarilumab), for blood tests, lung and

, marketed by Regeneron. * Primaquine ( Primaquine), for malaria. * Synvisc ( Hyaluronic acid), for knee pain. –

Urology Urology (from Greek οὖρον ''ouron'' "urine" and '' -logia'' "study of"), also known as genitourinary surgery, is the branch of medicine that focuses on surgical and medical diseases of the urinary-tract system and the reproductive org ...

* Ditropan XL ( Oxybutynin chloride), for bladder relief, marketed by Janssen. *

( Leuprorelin), for prostate cancer, marketed by Astellas. * Flomax ( Tamsulosin), for bladder relief, marketed by Astellas. The company also produces a broad range of over-the-counter products, among them Allegra, IcyHot for muscle pain, Gold Bond for skin irritation, and Selsun Blue dandruff shampoo. These brands were acquired in 2010, when Sanofi-Aventis purchased Chattem.

Pipeline

, Sanofi was in a race with

Amgen Amgen Inc. (formerly Applied Molecular Genetics Inc.) is an American multinational biopharmaceutical company headquartered in Thousand Oaks, California. One of the world's largest independent biotechnology companies, Amgen was established in ...

and

Pfizer Pfizer Inc. ( ) is an American multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology corporation headquartered on 42nd Street in Manhattan, New York City. The company was established in 1849 in New York by two German entrepreneurs, Charles Pfize ...

to win approval for a drug that inhibits PCSK9, a protein that slows the clearance of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol – the form of cholesterol that leads to heart attacks. Sanofi's drug was discovered by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and is called alirocumab. An FDA warning in March 2014, about possible cognitive adverse effects of PCSK9 inhibition threw the competition into disarray, as the FDA asked companies to include neurocognitive testing into their Phase III clinical trials. In 2013, Sanofi announced that another candidate from its collaboration with Regeneron, the monoclonal antibody against the interleukin 6 receptor, sarilumab, had better efficacy than placebo in its first Phase III trial for rheumatoid arthritis.

Management

* Serge Weinberg, chairman * Paul Hudson,

chief executive officer A chief executive officer (CEO), also known as a central executive officer (CEO), chief administrator officer (CAO) or just chief executive (CE), is one of a number of corporate executives charged with the management of an organization especial ...

* Jean-François Dehecq was the

general manager A general manager (GM) is an executive who has overall responsibility for managing both the revenue and cost elements of a company's income statement, known as profit & loss (P&L) responsibility. A general manager usually oversees most or all ...

of Sanofi from its creation in 1973 until 2007. * Jean-Baptiste Chasseloup de Chatillon, CFO

Stockholders

As of 31 December 2013: * Breakdown of share ownership: 8.93% by L'Oréal, 0.27% treasury shares and 1.31% employees. The remaining 89.49% were publicly traded.

Head office

In January 2012, Sanofi moved its head office location to 54, Rue La Boétie in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. This former mansion designed by architect René-Patouillard had previously been the head office of Alcatel-Lucent. Sanofi's previous head office was located in the 13th arrondissement of Paris, 174 Avenue de France. The architecture of the head office is of the predominant style of the area surrounding the

François Mitterrand Library François () is a French masculine given name and surname, equivalent to the English name Francis. People with the given name * Francis I of France, King of France (), known as "the Father and Restorer of Letters" * Francis II of France, King o ...

. After Sanofi and Aventis merged, the employees at the former Aventis head office in Schiltigheim,

Alsace Alsace (, ; ; Low Alemannic German/ gsw-FR, Elsàss ; german: Elsass ; la, Alsatia) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland. In 2020, it ha ...

, moved to Paris. In November 2022, Sanofi moved into its new global headquarters in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, at 46-48 Avenue de la Grande Armée.

Collaborative research

In addition to internal research and development activities Sanofi is also involved in publicly funded collaborative research projects, with other industrial and academic partners. One example in the area of non-clinical safety assessment is the InnoMed PredTox project The company is expanding its activities in joint research projects within the framework of the Innovative Medicines Initiative of EFPIA and the

European Commission The European Commission (EC) is the executive of the European Union (EU). It operates as a cabinet government, with 27 members of the Commission (informally known as "Commissioners") headed by a President. It includes an administrative body ...

. In June 2010, Sanofi and the Charité University of Berlin signed a cooperation agreement for the research and development of medicines and therapies. On 25 October 2012, Sanofi said its earnings for the third quarter slumped as generic competitors ate into profits of its Eloxatin

cancer Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bl ...

treatment.

Sanofi Pasteur

In 2005, Sanofi Pasteur, vaccines division of Sanofi Group, was awarded a $97 Million

United States Department of Health and Human Services The United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is a cabinet-level executive branch department of the U.S. federal government created to protect the health of all Americans and providing essential human services. Its motto ...

(HHS) contract.

BCG supply shortage 2012-

In 2011, a Sanofi Pasteur plant flooded, causing it problems with mold. The facility, located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, produced BCG vaccine products, made with the Glaxo 1077 strain, such as a tuberculosis vaccine ImmuCYST, a BCG Immunotherapeutic -a bladder cancer drug. By April 2012, the FDA had found dozens of documented problems with sterility at the plant including mold, nesting birds and rusted electrical conduits. The resulting closure of the plant for over two years resulting in shortages of bladder cancer and tuberculosis vaccines. The Toronto Sanofi plant On 29 October 2014 Health Canada gave the permission for Sanofi to resume production of BCG.

COVID-19 vaccine

Sanofi together with GSK signed a deal with US government's Operation Warp Speed to provide 100 million doses COVID-19 vaccine for up to US$2.1 billion, if the vaccine is approved. As of August 2020, COVID-19 vaccine development in Sanofi underscores its fundamental competitiveness weakness, that management has been struggling and failed to deal with for past many years beyond cutting more cost. Unfortunately, even though Sanofi-GSK approach is based on pre-existing, approved platform and technology (as with Flublok flu) without reinventing the wheel of the necessary infrastructure, the company lagged behind many other rivals in delivering a working vaccine. Sanofi planned to start Phase 1 clinical testing only in September and expected emergency use approval in the first half of 2021. Competitors such as Novavax had already completed Phase 1 with promising results and Moderna-NIH had already initiated its Phase 3 trial. According to CNBC reports, as part of the 2.1 billion US government deal, more than 750 million goes to supporting Sanofi-GSK in vaccine development and clinical trials. Sanofi turns out "accelerate" the development via smaller biotech firm Translate Bio, with a 425 million partnership. At the end of September 2021, Sanofi announced it would stop developing its mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Despite promising results the drug would not continue to Phase 3 trials, with the company stating that it would be 'too late to reach the market.'

Associations

Sanofi is a full member of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA), Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO), and Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). Sanofi's vaccine subsidiary, Sanofi Pasteur, is a member of EuropaBio. In June 2021, Sanofi partners with Capgemini, Orange & Generali to launch Future4care, an all-European start-up accelerator centered on digital health.

Aventis Foundation

The Aventis Foundation, a German charitable trust, was established in 1996, as the Hoechst Foundation with an

endowment Endowment most often refers to: *A term for human penis size It may also refer to: Finance *Financial endowment, pertaining to funds or property donated to institutions or individuals (e.g., college endowment) *Endowment mortgage, a mortgage to b ...

of €50 million. In 2000, the foundation was renamed the Aventis Foundation. The foundation promotes cultural and scientific projects, specifically focused on the Frankfurt Rhine-Main area.

Notes

References

External links

* {{Authority control, state=expanded Biotechnology companies of France CAC 40 Companies in the Euro Stoxx 50 Companies listed on Euronext Paris French brands French companies established in 1973 Healthcare companies of France Health care companies established in 1973 Multinational companies headquartered in France Orphan drug companies Pharmaceutical companies established in 1973 Pharmaceutical companies of France