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Samuel Petrus Kleinschmidt (27 February 1814–9 February 1886) was a German/ Danish missionary linguist born in Greenland known for having written extensively about the
He was born in the rectory of ''Lichtenau'' in southern Greenland (today, 
He already finished his grammar of Greenlandic in 1845 and sent it to printing at the University of Berlin but it was not be published until 1851. It was exceptional because it did not use the traditional scheme of the Latin grammar to describe its subject, but rather devised a new scheme more suited for the Greenlandic language. This grammar was also the first work to employ the orthography which became the standard in writing Greenlandic until the reform of 1973. In 1859 he left the Moravian church to join the Church of Denmark. Most of his time in Greenland he served as a teacher rather than as a priest. He also translated the better part of the Bible into Greenlandic. He died in 1886 at 72 years of age in ''Neu-Herrnhut'' (present-day ''Noorliit'', a part of Nuuk), having spent 54 of them in Greenland.
runeberg.org * Salmonsens konversationsleksikon
''Kleinschmidt''
runeberg.org {{DEFAULTSORT:Kleinschmidt, Samuel 1812 births 1886 deaths Moravian Church missionaries Danish Protestant missionaries Protestant missionaries in Greenland Greenlandic Moravian clergy Greenlandic people of German descent 19th-century Lutheran clergy Linguists from Denmark Linguists from Germany Missionary linguists German Protestant missionaries Greenlandic Protestant missionaries Linguists of Eskaleut languages
Samuel Petrus Kleinschmidt (27 February 1814–9 February 1886) was a German/ Danish missionary linguist born in Greenland known for having written extensively about the Greenlandic language
Greenlandic ( kl, kalaallisut, link=no ; da, grønlandsk ) is an Eskimo–Aleut language with about 56,000 speakers, mostly Greenlandic Inuit in Greenland. It is closely related to the Inuit languages in Canada such as Inuktitut. It is the mos ...
and having invented the orthography used for writing this language from 1851 to 1973. He also translated parts of the Bible into Greenlandic.
Life
He was born in the rectory of ''Lichtenau'' in southern Greenland (today, Alluitsoq
Alluitsoq, formerly spelled Agdluitsok, is a former settlement in southern Greenland, located on the Alluitsoq or Lichtenau Fjord near Cape Farewell. It is about 13 kilometers from Ammassivik (Sletten), located on the opposite side of the ...
) to a couple of Moravian missionaries, Johann Konrad Kleinschmidt (1768 – 1832) from Oberdorla in Thuringia, Germany and Christina Petersen (1780-1853) from ''Trudsø'', now a part of Struer, Denmark. As a youth he went to school in Kleinwelke, Saxony in Germany and subsequently for an apprenticeship to a pharmacy in Zeist, Holland studying during that period Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, as well as Dutch, French, and English, all the while retaining his childhood languages, Danish, German, and Greenlandic. In 1837 he went to Christiansfeld in Denmark working there for a couple of years as a teacher. Subsequently he returned to Greenland in 1841. After two years he held his first sermon in Greenlandic, speaking it fluently and plainly rather than using old worn out idioms of the previous ministers. From 1846 to 1848 he worked as a teacher in ''Lichtenfels'' (present-day: Akunnat
Akunnat is a former community in southern Greenland on the island of Akonemiok or Qeqertarsuatsiaat,Del, Anden.''Grønland som del af den bibelske fortælling – en 1700-tals studie''" Greenland as Part of the Biblical Narrative – a Study ...
), subsequently moving to '' Neu-Herrnhut'' (Old Nuuk).
He already finished his grammar of Greenlandic in 1845 and sent it to printing at the University of Berlin but it was not be published until 1851. It was exceptional because it did not use the traditional scheme of the Latin grammar to describe its subject, but rather devised a new scheme more suited for the Greenlandic language. This grammar was also the first work to employ the orthography which became the standard in writing Greenlandic until the reform of 1973. In 1859 he left the Moravian church to join the Church of Denmark. Most of his time in Greenland he served as a teacher rather than as a priest. He also translated the better part of the Bible into Greenlandic. He died in 1886 at 72 years of age in ''Neu-Herrnhut'' (present-day ''Noorliit'', a part of Nuuk), having spent 54 of them in Greenland.
Works
* 1968 (1851): ''Grammatik der grönländischen Sprache : mit teilweisem Einschluss des Labradordialekts''. Hildesheim: Olms. * 1858: ''Nunalerutit, imáipoĸ: silap píssusianik inuinigdlo ilíkarsautíngui (Geography: A little book about the world and mankind)''. Godthåb/Nuuk: nûngme. * 1871: ''Den grønlandske ordbog / omarbeidet af Sam. Kleinschmidt ; udgiven paa foranstaltning af Ministeriet for Kirke- og Underviisningsvæsenet og meddet kongelige danske Videnskabernes Selskabs understøttelse ved H.F. Jørgensen''. Kjøbenhavn:L. Kleins bogtrykkeri.References
Further reading
* * * * * *External links
* Dansk biografisk leksikonbr>''Kleinschmidt, Samuel Petrus''runeberg.org * Salmonsens konversationsleksikon
''Kleinschmidt''
runeberg.org {{DEFAULTSORT:Kleinschmidt, Samuel 1812 births 1886 deaths Moravian Church missionaries Danish Protestant missionaries Protestant missionaries in Greenland Greenlandic Moravian clergy Greenlandic people of German descent 19th-century Lutheran clergy Linguists from Denmark Linguists from Germany Missionary linguists German Protestant missionaries Greenlandic Protestant missionaries Linguists of Eskaleut languages