Russian archaeology begins in the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the List of Russian monarchs, Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended th ...

in the 1850s and becomes

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

archaeology in the early 20th century. The journal ''

Sovetskaya arkheologiya ''Rossiyskaya arkheologiya'' (), formerly ''Sovetskaya arkheologiya'' (), is an academic journal dedicated to the subject of archaeology Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis o ...

'' is published from 1957.

Archaeologists

Sites

major archaeological cultures and sites in Russia ** Kermek ( :ru:Кермек (стоянка)) ** Bogatyri/Sinyaya Balka ( :ru:Богатыри/Синяя балка) **

Palaeolithic site Kostyonki The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic (), also called the Old Stone Age (from Greek: παλαιός '' palaios'', "old" and λίθος ''lithos'', "stone"), is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone to ...

Sungir Sungir (, sometimes spelled Sunghir) is an Upper Paleolithic archaeological site in Russia and one of the earliest records of modern ''Homo sapiens'' in Eurasia. It is situated about two hundred kilometres east of Moscow, on the outskirts of Vlad ...

** Yana RHS ( :ru:Янская стоянка) **

Afontova Gora Afontova Gora is a Late Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic Siberian complex of archaeological sites located on the left bank of the Yenisei River near the city of Krasnoyarsk, Russia. Afontova Gora has cultural and genetic links to the people f ...

Mal'ta–Buret' culture The Mal'ta–Buret' culture is an archaeological culture of 24,000 to 15,000 BP / 22'050 to 13'050 BC in the Upper Paleolithic on the upper Angara River in the area west of Lake Baikal in the Irkutsk Oblast, Siberia, Russian Federation. Th ...

(Upper Paleolithic) *

Khvalynsk culture The Khvalynsk culture was a Middle Copper Age (" Eneolithic") culture (c. 4900 – 3500 BC) of the middle Volga region. It takes its name from Khvalynsk in Saratov Oblast. The Khvalynsk culture extended from the Samara Bend in the north (the l ...

(Eneolithic) *

Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture The Fatyanovo–Balanovo culture (russian: Фатьяновская культура, Fatyanovskaya kul'tura) was a Chalcolithic and early Bronze Age culture within the wider Corded Ware complex which flourished in the forests of Russia from c. ...

(Chalcolithic) *

Novotitorovka culture Novotitarovskaya culture, also known as the Novotitorovka culture, was a Bronze Age archaeological culture which flourished in the North Caucasus ca. 3300–2700 BC. The Novotitarovskaya culture was located immediately to the north of and larg ...

(Early Bronze Age) *

Maykop culture The Maykop culture (, , scientific transliteration: ''Majkop,''), c. 3700 BC–3000 BC, was a major Bronze Age archaeological culture in the western Caucasus region. It extends along the area from the Taman Peninsula at the Kerch Strait to n ...

(Early Bronze Age) **

Maykop kurgan The Maikop kurgan (), excavated by Nikolay Veselovsky in 1897 near Maikop, Southern Russia, is the eponym of the Early Bronze Age Maikop culture of the Northern Caucasus. The kurgan had a height of about 10 m and a circumference of about 200 m. It ...

Yamna culture The Yamnaya culture or the Yamna culture (russian: Ямная культура, ua, Ямна культура lit. 'culture of pits'), also known as the Pit Grave culture or Ochre Grave culture, was a late Copper Age to early Bronze Age arch ...

Afanasevo culture The Afanasievo culture, or Afanasevo culture (Afanasevan culture) (russian: Афанасьевская культура ''Afanas'yevskaya'' kul'tura), is the earliest known archaeological culture of south Siberia, occupying the Minusinsk Basin a ...

(Early Bronze Age) *

Abashevo culture The Abashevo culture (russian: Абашевская культура, Abashevskaya kul'tura) is an early Bronze Age, ca. 2300–1850 BC, archaeological culture found in the valleys of the Volga and Kama River north of the Samara bend and into ...

(Bronze Age) *

Andronovo culture The Andronovo culture (russian: Андроновская культура, translit=Andronovskaya kul'tura) is a collection of similar local Late Bronze Age cultures that flourished 2000–1450 BC,Grigoriev, Stanislav, (2021)"Andronovo ...

(Middle to Late Bronze Age) **

Arkaim Arkaim (russian: Аркаим) is an archaeological site, dated to 2050-1900 BCE, of an ancient fortified settlement, belonging to Sintashta culture, situated in the steppe of the Southern Urals, north-northwest of the village of Amursky and e ...

Sintashta Sintashta (russian: Синташта́) is an archaeological site in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. It is the remains of a fortified settlement dating to the Bronze Age, ''c''. 2800–1600 BC, and is the type site of the Sintashta culture. The site ha ...

Srubna culture The Srubnaya culture (russian: Срубная культура, Srubnaya kul'tura, ua, Зрубна культура, Zrubna kul'tura), also known as Timber-grave culture, was a Late Bronze Age 1850–1450 BC cultureParpola, Asko, (2012)"Format ...

(Late Bronze to Iron Age) *

Tanais Tanais ( el, Τάναϊς ''Tánaïs''; russian: Танаис) was an Ancient Greece, ancient Greek city in the Don River (Russia), Don river delta, called the Maeotian Swamp, Maeotian marshes in classical antiquity. It was a bishopric as Tana ...

(Late Bronze to Iron Age) *

Pazyryk culture The Pazyryk culture (russian: Пазырыкская культура ''Pazyrykskaya'' kul'tura) is a Scythian nomadic Iron Age archaeological culture (6th to 3rd centuries BC) identified by excavated artifacts and mummified humans found in t ...

(Iron Age) *

Tmutarakan Tmutarakan ( rus, Тмутарака́нь, p=tmʊtərɐˈkanʲ, ; uk, Тмуторокань, Tmutorokan) was a medieval Kievan Rus' principality and trading town that controlled the Cimmerian Bosporus, the passage from the Black Sea to the S ...

Staraya Ladoga Staraya Ladoga (russian: Ста́рая Ла́дога, p=ˈstarəjə ˈladəɡə, lit=Old Ladoga), known as Ladoga until 1704, is a rural locality (a '' selo'') in Volkhovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Volkhov River near ...

(Viking Age) *

Rurikovo Gorodische Rurikovo Gorodische ( rus, Рюриково Городище, p=ˈrʲʉrʲɪkəvə ɡərɐˈdʲiɕːə, t=Rurik's Hillfort), the primary settlement in the area known in Scandinavian sources as Holmgård, was the 9th century predecessor of Veliky N ...

Gnyozdovo Gnyozdovo (russian: Гнёздово) is a village in Smolensky District, Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Dnieper River twelve kilometers downstream from Smolensk, in the proximity of Katyn. The village is noted for its ...

Sarkel Sarkel (or Šarkel, literally ''white house'' in the Khazar language was a large limestone-and-brick fortress in the present-day Rostov Oblast of Russia, on the left bank of the lower Don River. It was built by the Khazars with Byzantine as ...

(9th century)

Literature

*B. Trigger, A History of Archaeological Thought, McGill University, Montréal, pp. 327ff. *Mikhail Miller, Archaeology in the U.S.S.R, New York (1956).

Archaeologists

Sites

Literature

See also