Roman Borisovich Gul (; 13 August 1896 – 30 June 1986) was a Russian émigré writer, his political position was leftist-liberal, he was critical towards the conservative, tsarist

White Movement The White movement,. The old spelling was retained by the Whites to differentiate from the Reds. also known as the Whites, was one of the main factions of the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. It was led mainly by the Right-wing politics, right- ...

Biography

Gul was born into the family of a notary and spent his childhood in

Penza Penza (, ) is the largest types of inhabited localities in Russia, city and administrative center of Penza Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Sura (river), Sura River, southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 Russian census, 2010 Census, Penza had ...

and on his family estate of Ramsay near Penza. He completed the 1st Penza Gymnasium (grammar school) and went to study at the Law Faculty of the Moscow State University in 1914. Gul was conscripted into the Imperial Russian Army in 1916 and served with the infantry on the South Western Front becoming a company commander in the 417th Kinburn Regiment. In 1917, after the

October Revolution The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Historiography in the Soviet Union, Soviet historiography), October coup, Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was the second of Russian Revolution, two r ...

, Gul joined the Kornilov Shock regiment of the White

Volunteer Army The Volunteer Army (; ), abbreviated to (), also known as the Southern White Army was a White Army active in South Russia during the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1920. The Volunteer Army fought against Bolsheviks and the Makhnovists on the ...

. He participated in the

Ice March The Ice March (Russian: Ледяной поход), also called the First Kuban Campaign (Russian: Первый кубанский поход), a withdrawal (military), military withdrawal lasting from February to May 1918, was one of the defi ...

and was wounded. He was captured by the Ukrainian Army and imprisoned in late 1918. In 1919 he was transferred to Germany and settled in Berlin in 1920 becoming a writer. In the 1920s Gul wrote for the Berlin-based newspaper Nakanunye (Накануне), and acted as a correspondent for several Soviet newspapers. He also worked on the magazines ''Life'' (Жизнь), ''Time'' (Время), ''The Russian Emigrant'' (Русский эмигрант) and ''Voice of Russia'' (Голос России). After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Gul was arrested and put into the

Oranienburg concentration camp Oranienburg was an early Nazi concentration camp, one of the first concentration camp, detention facilities established by the Nazis in the Free State of Prussia, state of Prussia when they Hitler's rise to power#Seizure of control .281931 - 1933 ...

near Berlin, but was freed after six months and emigrated to Paris. In France, he wrote for the liberal émigré newspaper Posledniye Novosti (Последние новости) and the magazines Illustrirovannaya Rossiya (Иллюстрированнaя Россия), Sovremennye zapiski (Современныe записки). During the Nazi occupation of France, Gul went into hiding and avoided arrest working on a farm in southern France and in a glass factory. Gul emigrated to the United States in 1950 and worked for the émigré literature magazine Novy Zhurnal becoming chief editor in 1966. Gul died of a lung infection in 1986 and is buried in

Novo-Diveevo Novo-Diveevo Convent (it is often spelled as Novo-Diveyevo, Novo-Diveievo or Novodiveevo, - "''New Diveyevo''") is a female monastic community in Nanuet, Rockland County, New York in the United States, that was founded in 1949. It is under the au ...

Cemetery in

Spring Valley, New York Spring Valley is a Administrative divisions of New York#Village, village in the town of Ramapo, New York, Ramapo and Clarkstown, New York, Clarkstown in Rockland County, New York, Rockland County, New York (state), New York, United States. It is ...

Works

Russian Language Russian is an East Slavic languages, East Slavic language belonging to the Balto-Slavic languages, Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family. It is one of the four extant East Slavic languages, and is ...

* Белые по Чёрному: Очерки гражданской войны. - White on Black: Essays on the Civil War. Book * Ледяной поход (1921) - Ice March (1921) * В рассеяньи сущие: Повесть из жизни эмиграции 1920—1921. (1923) роман, который политически нейтрально трактует тему возвращения в послереволюционную Россию - The utter scattering: The story of the life of emigration 1920-1921. (1923) novel, which is politically neutral treats the subject returned to post-revolutionary Russia * Генерал БО. �зеф(1929) Роман о Савинкове; перерабатывался несколько раз, в последний раз в 1974 General BO.

zef Zef () is a South African counterculture, counter-culture movement. Kyle Hans Brockmann has compared zef counter-culture to many similar anarchic Subculture, sub-cultures in the northern hemisphere. Etymology Yolandi Visser of Die Antwoord said ...

(1929) A novel about Savinkov; Reworked several times, most recently in 1974 * Георгий Иванов. Статья - Georgi Ivanov. Article * Дзержинский, Менжинский, Петерс, Лацис, Ягода. (1936) - Dzerzhinsky,

Menzhinsky Vyacheslav Rudolfovich Menzhinsky (, ; – 10 May 1934) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician who served as chairman of the Joint State Political Directorate, OGPU, the secret police of the Soviet Union, from 1926 to 1934. Born to Polish pa ...

Peter Peter may refer to: People * List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Peter (given name) ** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church * Peter (surname), a su ...

s, Lacis, and Yagoda. (1936) Book * Жизнь на Фукса: Очерки белой эмиграции. (1927) - Life on the Fuchs: Essays on the White emigration. (1927) * Конь рыжий. (1952) автобиографическое повествование от начала революции и до прибытия в Париж - A Red Horse. (1952) autobiographical account from the beginning of the revolution and before the arrival in Paris * Красные маршалы: Ворошилов, Буденный, Блюхер, Котовский. (1933) Книга - Red marshals: Voroshilov, Budyonny, Blucher, Kotovsky. (1933) Book * Ледяной поход (С Корниловым). (1921) Мемуары - Th Ice March (with Kornilov). (1921) Memoirs * Моя биография. My biography * Одвуконь: Советская и эмигрантская литература. (1973) Сборник - Odvukon: Soviet and emigre literature. (1973) Collection * Одвуконь-2: Статьи. (1982) Сборник - Odvukon-2: Articles. (1982) Collection * Ораниенбург: Что я видел в гитлеровском концентрационном лагере. (1937) - Oranienburg: What I saw in a Nazi concentration camp. (1937) * Победа Пастернака. (1958) Статья - Victory for Pasternak. (1958) Article * Скиф. (1931) Роман о Бакунине; в 1958 переработан и издан под названием «Скиф в Европе» Skiff. (1931) A novel about

Bakunin Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin. Sometimes anglicized to Michael Bakunin. ( ; – 1 July 1876) was a Russian revolutionary anarchist. He is among the most influential figures of anarchism and a major figure in the revolutionary socialist, so ...

; In 1958, revised and published under the title "Skiff in Europe" * Тухачевский: Красный маршал. (1932) Книга

Tukhachevsky Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevsky ( rus, Михаил Николаевич Тухачевский, Mikhail Nikolayevich Tukhachevskiy, p=tʊxɐˈtɕefskʲɪj; – 12 June 1937), nicknamed the Red Napoleon, was a Soviet general who was prominen ...

: Red marshal. (1932) Book * Я унёс Россию: Апология эмиграции. Т. 1-3. (1981—1989) I took Russia: Apology emigration. 1-3. (1981-1989)

Links

Short biography in Russian languageArchive from Amherst College His selected books
electronically available at lib.ru (Russian)

External links

* * Roman Gul Papers. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. {{DEFAULTSORT:Gul, Roman 1896 births 1986 deaths People from Penza People of the Russian Civil War Russian male novelists Russian military personnel of World War I White Russian emigrants to the United States Russian anti-communists Burials at Novo-Diveevo Russian Cemetery 20th-century Russian novelists Russian people imprisoned abroad Oranienburg concentration camp prisoners