Richard Mille
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Richard Mille is a Swiss luxury
watch A watch is a timepiece carried or worn by a person. It is designed to maintain a consistent movement despite the motions caused by the person's activities. A wristwatch is worn around the wrist, attached by a watch strap or another type of ...
company founded in 2001 by Dominique Guenat and Richard Mille, based in Les Breuleux, Switzerland. The brand specialises in high-priced
clockwork Clockwork refers to the inner workings of either mechanical devices called clocks and watches (where it is also called the movement (clockwork), movement) or other mechanisms that work similarly, using a series of gears driven by a spring or wei ...
watches, which have been criticised by some as "ridiculous" and "unnecessarily extravagant".


Company history

After studying marketing in
Besançon Besançon (, ; , ; archaic ; ) is the capital of the Departments of France, department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The city is located in Eastern France, close to the Jura Mountains and the border with Switzerland. Capi ...
, Richard Mille (born 13 February 1951,
Draguignan Draguignan (; ) is a commune in the Var department in the administrative region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (formerly Provence), southeastern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department and self-proclaimed "capital of Artillery" an ...
, France) started work at Finhor, a local watchmaking company in 1974. The company was bought by
Matra Matra (an acronym for Mécanique Aviation Traction) was a major French industrial Conglomerate (company), conglomerate. Its business activities covered a wide range of industries, notably aerospace manufacturer, aerospace, defence industry, def ...
in 1981, and Mille rose to manage Matra's watchmaking business, which then included the brands Yema and Cupillard Rième. Matra's watchmaking activities were sold to
Seiko , commonly known as Seiko ( , ), is a Japanese maker of watches, clocks, electronic devices, and semiconductors. Founded in 1881 by Kintarō Hattori in Tokyo, Seiko introduced the world's first commercial quartz wristwatch in 1969. Seiko is ...
; Mille left in 1992 to start a watchmaking business for jewellery firm Mauboussin.


Development

Following a disagreement about commercial strategy at Mauboussin, where he was a shareholder, Richard Mille left his position as general manager to launch a range of watches. In late 1998, Mille presented his plans to his friend Dominique Guenat, owner of watchmaker Montres Valgine, whom he met in 1988 while working in
Besançon Besançon (, ; , ; archaic ; ) is the capital of the Departments of France, department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The city is located in Eastern France, close to the Jura Mountains and the border with Switzerland. Capi ...
for Compagnie Générale Horlogère and with whom he worked at Mauboussin. In early 1999, Richard Mille and Dominique Guenat drew up their plans for the Richard Mille brand in partnership with Montres Valgine and Swiss watchmaker
Audemars Piguet Audemars Piguet Holding SA () is a Swiss manufacturer of luxury good, luxury watches, headquartered in Le Brassus, Switzerland. The company was founded by Jules Louis Audemars and Edward Auguste Piguet in the Vallée de Joux in 1875, acquiring ...
. Over the next two years, they defined their brand concept and began designing watches. They then founded Horométrie, their operating company for the new Richard Mille brand as equal partners, which was registered in Switzerland by October 2001, and created the Richard Mille watchmaking brand in collaboration with Audemars Piguet, which then owned a stake in Richard Mille brand in 2007. After three years of research and prototypes, they exhibited their first watch, a manually-wound RM 001 Tourbillon, at the 2001 watch and jewellery exhibition Baselworld in
Basel Basel ( ; ), also known as Basle ( ), ; ; ; . is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine (at the transition from the High Rhine, High to the Upper Rhine). Basel is Switzerland's List of cities in Switzerland, third-most-populo ...
, Switzerland. The watch, which featured an exhibition caseback and visible parts, had a
tourbillon In horology, a tourbillion () or tourbillon (; " whirlwind") is an addition to the mechanics of a watch escapement to increase accuracy. Conceived by the British watchmaker and inventor John Arnold, it was developed by his friend the Swiss-Fr ...
calibre, a power-reserve indicator, and a torque indicator. Richard Mille joined the Fondation de la Haute Horlogerie in 2007. In April 2013, Richard Mille and Dominique Guenat acquired a 90% stake in ''Prototypes Artisanals SA'', founded by Marco Poluzzi; former director Alain Varrin retained a 10% share. The company became ProArt and moved to a purpose-built 3,000 m² building in Les Breuleux. Following the sale of case supplier Donzé- Baume to Swiss luxury group
Richemont Compagnie Financière Richemont S.A., commonly known as Richemont, is a Switzerland-based luxury goods holding company founded in 1988 by South African businessman Johann Rupert. Through its various subsidiaries, Richemont produces and sells jew ...
in 2007, the Richard Mille company started machining its cases and some components, with ProArt as a subcontractor. In 2013, Richard Mille turned down a proposal by the French group
Kering Kering S.A. () is a French multinational holding company specializing in luxury goods, headquartered in Paris. It owns the brands Yves Saint Laurent, Gucci, Balenciaga, Bottega Veneta, Creed, Maui Jim, and Alexander McQueen. The timber-tradin ...
to acquire a 51% stake. In 2018, Richard Mille withdrew from the Salon international de la haute horlogerie in
Geneva Geneva ( , ; ) ; ; . is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland and the most populous in French-speaking Romandy. Situated in the southwest of the country, where the Rhône exits Lake Geneva, it is the ca ...
. In October 2018, Richard Mille opened its sixth and largest United States store in
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...
. In late 2018 the ''RM 71-01 Automatic Tourbillon Talisman'' was launched, designed by women's collection director Cécile Guenat. It was described as being made by a woman for women.


The Richard Mille Group

The Richard Mille Group comprises the following companies: Horométrie SA (distribution), Guenat SA Montres Valgine (conception and assembly), ProArt (components), VMDH (decoration) and Cercle d'Art (publishing). In 2018, the Group employed 148 people.


Guenat SA - Montres Valgine

Dominique Guenat joined the Guenat SA - Montres Valgine (GMV) company in 1986 and took to the helm in 1991. In 1999, he teamed up with Richard Mille to create the “Richard Mille” watch brand. All Richard Mille watches are developed and produced in Switzerland by the Guenat SA - Montres Valgine (GMV) Manufacture in Les Breuleux. Design and development are carried out in the old 1950s building in Les Breuleux, which was renovated in 1972, while assembly and quality control are performed in a building built in 2007.


ProArt

Richard Mille watch cases and some movement components, such as baseplates, bridges, screws, and some wheels, are produced by ProArt, which belongs to the Richard Mille group.


VMDH

VMDH (Vital Morel Décalque Horlogère) is located in
La Chaux-de-Fonds La Chaux-de-Fonds (; archaic ) is a Swiss city in the canton of Neuchâtel. It is located in the Jura Mountains at an altitude of 992 metres, a few kilometres south of the French border. After Geneva, Lausanne, Biel/Bienne, and Fribourg, ...
, Switzerland, 25 km from Les Breuleux. It specialises in transfers and the decoration of watch movement components ( galvanoplasty,
electroplating Electroplating, also known as electrochemical deposition or electrodeposition, is a process for producing a metal coating on a solid substrate through the redox, reduction of cations of that metal by means of a direct current, direct electric cur ...
, etc.) VMDH produces the dials and flanges used by the Richard Mille and applies phosphorescent pigments. VMDH is chaired by Yves Mathys.


Technologies

Richard Mille watches are advertised to be shock-resistant and accurate. They are light in weight, using materials including grade 5
titanium Titanium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ti and atomic number 22. Found in nature only as an oxide, it can be reduced to produce a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength, resistant to corrosion in ...
, LITAL, Carbon TPT, and
graphene Graphene () is a carbon allotrope consisting of a Single-layer materials, single layer of atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, honeycomb planar nanostructure. The name "graphene" is derived from "graphite" and the suffix -ene, indicating ...
. Richard Mille teamed up with North Thin Ply Technology (NTPT), producer of lightweight pre-impregnated materials used in sailing and
Formula 1 Formula One (F1) is the highest class of worldwide racing for open-wheel single-seater formula Auto racing, racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The FIA Formula One World Championship has been one ...
, to produce the RM 27-02 Rafael Nadal in Carbon NTPT and Quartz TPT, and the RM 11-03 McLaren.


Technical innovation

* Development of the first baseplates in carbon nanofibres, titanium, and Carbon TPT * Development of gem-set ceramic * Invention of laminated sapphire crystal (RM 53-01) * Invention of new watch complications: Oracle (RM 069), mechanical G-force sensor (RM 036). * Invention of the variable-geometry rotor on RM 011. * Invention of the declutchable rotor. * Invention of Quartz TPT with the NTPT company.


Movement

The brand has designed its own manufactured automatic calibres, including a whirlpool movement:


Records


Accuracy of RM 031

The RM 031 escapement beats at a frequency of 36,000 vibrations per hour, accurate to within 30 seconds per month. The RM 031 was limited to just 10 pieces.


Weight

In 2004, Richard Mille launched the RM 006 Felipe Massa Tourbillon, which weighed 48 grams excluding the strap, in 2005 the 29 g RM 009 Felipe Massa Tourbillon, and in 2007 the 20 g (including strap) RM 027 Rafael Nadal, with movement made from titanium and LITAL, a lithium alloy used in aeronautics that contains aluminium, copper, magnesium and zirconium. In 2013 the 18.83 g (including strap) manually-wound RM 27-01 Rafael Nadal Tourbillon watch, developed with Nadal, was produced, limited to 50 pieces. The watch was the lightest tourbillon ever made due to its lithium aluminium movement and carbon nanotube case. In 2017, at the Salon international de la haute horlogerie (SIHH), the RM 50-03 McLaren F1 was exhibited, the world's lightest flyback chronograph at 38 g (including strap).


Shock-resistance

The RM 27-03 Tourbillon can withstand impacts of 10,000  g due to its skeletonised unibody baseplate made from Carbon TPT. On 25 July 2009, during his Formula 1 accident in the qualifying stages of the 2009 Hungarian Grand Prix, Felipe Massa, one of the brand's "partners", was wearing an RM 006, which was undamaged.


Projects


Quebec City Clock

The Porte-Bonheur Clock was presented to
Quebec City Quebec City is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Quebec. As of July 2021, the city had a population of 549,459, and the Census Metropolitan Area (including surrounding communities) had a populati ...
by the Republic and Canton of Jura and the Richard Mille brand in 2014 to celebrate its 400th anniversary. From 2008 to 2014, the Richard Mille company, the technical college of Porrentruy (École des métiers techniques in Porrentruy), and the Neuchâtel Haute Ecole Arc developed and built the clock, which is 3.5 metres tall, 2.5 metres wide and 1.3 metres deep, and weighs 1,913 kg. It required: * 6,571 hours of development, * 5,451 components, * 3,952 hours of assembly and adjusting.


Starck and Only Watch

In 2005, Richard Mille and the French designer
Philippe Starck Philippe Starck (; born 18 January 1949) is a French industrial architect and designer known for his wide range of designs, including interior design, architecture, household objects, furniture, boats and other vehicles. His most popular pieces ...
made their first collaboration, producing a single "RM 005-1 Richard Mille by Philippe Stark", which was sold at auction in
Monaco Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco, is a Sovereign state, sovereign city-state and European microstates, microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Regions of Italy, Italian region of Liguria, in Western Europe, ...
for €285,000, the highest price for an automatic watch at that time, for the benefit of the charity association Only Watch. Mille and Starck made the extremely complex RM 011 Starck for Only Watch 2007, with a titanium "bangle" bracelet integrated into the case. The watch sold at auction for a new record €320,000 for the same charity.


Planetarium Tellurium

In 1998 Richard Mille met Stephen Forsey and Robert Greubel during an assignment for Mauboussin. Forsey and Greubel founded the company Greubel Forsey in 2004. They asked Christian Étienne, owner of the Swiss watch clinic in
Porrentruy Porrentruy (; ; ) is a Swiss municipality and seat of the district of the same name located in the canton of Jura. Porrentruy is home to National League team, HC Ajoie. History The first trace of human presence in Porrentruy is a Mesolit ...
, to assemble the prototype of a
planetarium A planetarium (: planetariums or planetaria) is a theatre built primarily for presenting educational and entertaining shows about astronomy and the night sky, or for training in celestial navigation. A dominant feature of most planetariums is ...
/
tellurium Tellurium is a chemical element; it has symbol Te and atomic number 52. It is a brittle, mildly toxic, rare, silver-white metalloid. Tellurium is chemically related to selenium and sulfur, all three of which are chalcogens. It is occasionally fou ...
, designated the Richard Mille Planetarium-Tellurium, with design and casing by Richard Mille. The Planetarium-Tellurium combines a precise gear train and barrel for the planetarium with a detent escapement, making it the most accurate clockwork planetarium-tellurium of its kind at the time. Planet Earth, weighing 91 grams, is made of silver, as is the Moon. The Sun is made from yellow gold, Mercury from pink gold, and Venus from natural stone. The planets are enamelled in different colours. The Planetarium-Tellurium weighs 44 kg, including its titanium case and protective glass.


Sponsorship and endorsements

The brand sponsors various sportspeople and sports events, including the Le Mans Classic and Grand Prix de Pau auto races and the 'Voiles de Saint Barth'
regatta Boat racing is a sport in which boats, or other types of watercraft, race on water. Boat racing powered by oars is recorded as having occurred in ancient Egypt, and it is likely that people have engaged in races involving boats and other wa ...
.


Aircraft

In 2016 Richard Mille produced the "RM-50-02 ACJ Tourbillon Split Seconds Chronograph" in a 30-piece limited edition in collaboration with manufacturer
Airbus Corporate Jets Airbus Corporate Jets (ACJ) is a business unit of Airbus which markets and completes business jet variants of the company’s airliners. Following the entry of the 737-based Boeing Business Jet into the market, Airbus introduced the A319-based Ai ...
.


Sailing

In 2006, Richard Mille launched a partnership with Italian yacht manufacturer
Perini Navi Perini Navi is an Italian shipyard based in Viareggio, Tuscany, Italy. It was founded in 1983 by Fabio Perini, who pioneered automation and furling systems in large sailing yachts. The ships it built are among the world's largest. In 2021 P ...
. The watch brand became the official timekeeper of the Perini Navi Cup. To mark this collaboration, it launched the RM 014 Tourbillon Perini Navi watch in 2006 and the RM 015 Tourbillon Perini Navi in 2007. Richard Mille has been the main partner of «Les Voiles de Saint Barth» since 2010, with the "Richard Mille Maxi Cup". In 2007, Ian Williams, a British sailor, won the third edition of the Monsoon Cup under the colors Richard Mille, last round of the World Match Racing Tour in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia, and became World Match-Race Champion.


Cars and racing

Richard Mille is chairman of the Endurance Commission of the
Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile The Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA; ) is an international organisation with two primary functions surrounding use of the automobile. Its mobility division advocacy, advocates the interests of motoring organisations, the automot ...
(FIA). The brand has always invested in automobile events, becoming in 2002 the partner of the Le Mans Classic. In 2014 Richard Mille, in association with Patrick Peter of Peter Auto, contributed to the creation of the Chantilly Arts & Elegance Richard Mille automotive elegance competition for classic cars. The Richard Mille brand has teamed up with drivers from
Formula 1 Formula One (F1) is the highest class of worldwide racing for open-wheel single-seater formula Auto racing, racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The FIA Formula One World Championship has been one ...
teams, including
Alfa Romeo Racing Italian motor manufacturer Alfa Romeo has participated multiple times in Formula One. The brand has competed in motor racing as both a constructor and engine supplier sporadically between and , and later as a commercial partner between and . ...
,
Haas F1 Team Haas Formula LLC, competing as MoneyGram Haas F1 Team, is an List of Formula One constructors#Team's nationality, American-licensed Formula One racing team established by NASCAR Cup Series team owner Gene Haas in April 2014. The team made its ...
and
McLaren Racing McLaren Racing Limited ( ) is a British auto racing, motor racing team based at the McLaren Technology Centre in Woking, Surrey, England. The team is a subsidiary of the McLaren Group, which owns a majority of the team. McLaren is best known a ...
, and from
Formula E Formula E, officially the ABB FIA Formula E World Championship, is an open-wheel single-seater motorsport championship for electric cars. The racing series is the highest class of competition for electrically powered single-seater racing cars ...
(Nissan E-dams, Venturi Formula E). In 2021 Richard Mille replaced
Hublot Hublot () is a Swiss luxury watchmaker founded in 1980 by Italian Carlo Crocco. The company operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of the French luxury conglomerate LVMH. History A scion of the Italian Binda Group dynasty, best known for m ...
as a partner of
Scuderia Ferrari Scuderia Ferrari (; ), currently racing under Scuderia Ferrari HP, is the racing division of luxury Italian auto manufacturer Ferrari and the racing team that competes in Formula One racing. The team is also known by the nickname "the Pranc ...
. In 2016, Richard Mille and
McLaren Group McLaren Group Limited ( ) is a British holding company based in Woking, England, which is involved in Formula One and other motorsport and the manufacture of sports cars. The group was founded by Ron Dennis shortly after his acquisition of the ...
signed a 10-year partnership agreement that covers Formula One team and automotive division and will run until 2025. The RM 11-03 McLaren Automatic Flyback Chronograph – a limited edition of 500 timepieces jointly designed by McLaren design director Rob Melville and Richard Mille engineer Fabrice Namura – is the first product to arise from this union. The 500 owners of the
McLaren Senna The McLaren Senna is a limited-production Mid engined, mid-engined sports car manufactured by McLaren Automotive. The car is the third addition in the ''McLaren Ultimate Series'', joining the McLaren F1, F1 and the McLaren P1, P1; however, it i ...
car, the first model in McLaren's Ultimate Series, could order a watch with a number matching the chassis number of their car. Also in 2017, the watch brand became an official partner of the
Yas Marina Circuit The Yas Marina Circuit (Arabic: حلبة مرسى ياس) is a 5.281 km (3.281 mi) motorsport circuit situated on Yas Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The circuit was designed by Hermann Tilke. It has hosted the season-ending Formula One ...
in
Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi is the capital city of the United Arab Emirates. The city is the seat of the Abu Dhabi Central Capital District, the capital city of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, and the UAE's List of cities in the United Arab Emirates, second-most popu ...
and of the
Circuit Paul Ricard The Circuit Paul Ricard () is a French motorsport race track built in 1969 at Le Castellet, Var, near Marseille, with finance from pastis magnate Paul Ricard. Ricard wanted to experience the challenge of building a racetrack. The circuit has ...
in Le Castellet in 2018, where the "Tour Chrono" (race display board) was designed by the Richard Mille teams. In late 2018, Richard Mille announced a three-year partnership with Venturi, the team managed by
Gildo Pastor Gildo Pastor (6 October 1910 – 21 October 1990) was a Monégasque businessman and property developer. Life and career Gildo Pastor was born in Monaco as the son of Jean-Baptiste Pastor, a stonemason from Liguria in Italy, who immigrated ...
in which
Felipe Massa Felipe Massa (; born 25 April 1981) is a Brazilian racing driver, who competes in the Stock Car Pro Series for TMG Racing, TMG and in the IMSA SportsCar Championship for Riley Technologies, Riley. Massa competed in Formula One from to , and w ...
, the watch brand's historical partner, competes alongside teammate
Edoardo Mortara Edoardo Alberto Gérard "Edo" Mortara (born 12 January 1987) is a Swiss-Italian- French professional racing driver currently competing in Formula E for Mahindra Racing and in the IMSA SportsCar Championship for Automobili Lamborghini Squadra ...
. Richard Mille launched the "RM11 Felipe Massa Rose Gold and Titanium." In 2019, Tolman Motorsport ran a pair of
McLaren 570S The McLaren 570S is a sports car designed and manufactured by the British car manufacturer McLaren Automotive, produced from 2015 until 2021. It was unveiled at the 2015 New York International Auto Show. Design and specifications The car is ...
GT4s with Richard Mille as a sponsor. The watch brand is also a partner of: * The Spa Classic (in 2013), Belgium, * The Suzuka Sound of Engine Richard Mille (since 2016), * The Nürburgring Classic (since 2017), * The Rallye des Princesses (since 2017), * The Rallye des Légendes Richard Mille (since 2018), * Rétromobile.


Other sports

Since 2010, Richard Mille has sponsored
Rafael Nadal Rafael Nadal Parera (born 3 June 1986) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the List of ATP number 1 ranked singles tennis players, world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for ...
, the Spanish tennis player launching the "RM 27-03 Tourbillon Rafael Nadal" in 2017. Since 2013, Richard Mille has sponsored the Open de France Dames golf tournament. In May 2011, Richard Mille created the Richard Mille Polo Team composed of Prince Bahar of Brunei, British player Max Routledge and Argentines Pablo Mac Donough and Alejandro Muzzio.


Art

In 2014, Horométrie SA acquired Éditions Cercle d'Art, which publishes art books and books about watchmaking, architecture, photography, design, gastronomy, and cars.


Partners


Sales results

Sales of Richard Mille watches have grown by 15% on average per year since the brand was launched, with 32,000 watches sold between 2001 and 2017, ;Number of watches sold by year Colors = id:grey value:rgb(0.80,0.80,0.80) id:silver value:rgb(0.95,0.95,0.95) id:steelblue value:rgb(0.27,0.51,0.70) id:lightsteelblue value:rgb(0.69,0.76,0.87) ImageSize = width:800 height:350 PlotArea = left:60 right:20 top:10 bottom:20 AlignBars = late DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:0 till:5000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:1000 start:0 gridcolor:grey ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:500 start:0 gridcolor:silver PlotData= color:steelblue align:center width:20 bar:2001 from:start till:17 text:17 at:117 bar:2009 from:start till:2490 text:2.490 at:2590 bar:2012 from:start till:2552 text:2.552 at:2652 bar:2013 from:start till:2700 text:2.700 at:2800 bar:2014 from:start till:2864 text:2.864 at:2964 bar:2015 from:start till:3264 text:3.264 at:3364 bar:2016 from:start till:3550 text:3.550 at:3650 bar:2017 from:start till:4000 text:4.000 at:4100 bar:2018 from:start till:4800 text:4.800 at:4900


Revenue

In CHF million. Colors = id:grey value:rgb(0.80,0.80,0.80) id:silver value:rgb(0.95,0.95,0.95) id:steelblue value:rgb(0.27,0.51,0.70) id:lightsteelblue value:rgb(0.69,0.76,0.87) ImageSize = width:800 height:350 PlotArea = left:60 right:20 top:10 bottom:20 AlignBars = late DateFormat = yyyy Period = from:0 till:350 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:50 start:0 gridcolor:grey ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:25 start:0 gridcolor:silver PlotData= color:steelblue align:center width:20 bar:2009 from:start till:84 text:84 at:94 bar:2011 from:start till:87 text:87 at:97 bar:2012 from:start till:104 text:104 at:114 bar:2013 from:start till:130 text:130 at:140 bar:2015 from:start till:185 text:185 at:195 bar:2016 from:start till:225 text:225 at:235 bar:2017 from:start till:260 text:260 at:270 bar:2018 from:start till:300 text:300 at:310


Criticism

Richard Mille has been criticised for creating "tasteless" watches and following the ugly sneaker trend. In 2021, American rapper
Sean Combs Sean John Combs (born November 4, 1969), better known by his stage name Diddy, and formerly Puff Daddy and P. Diddy, is an American rapper, record producer, and record executive. Born in Harlem and raised in Mount Vernon, New York, Mount Ve ...
described Richard Mille watches as "ugly" and likened them to Timex watches, saying he had two or three but never wore them. In 2021, the magazine of watch reseller Chrono24 labelled Richard Mille watches as "not worth the hype," noting that one such wearer was robbed in Beverly Hills of the watch and suffered four gunshots and a trip to the hospital, and while such incidences were rare, they were another "unwanted aspect" of the watches.


Bibliography

* * * *


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Richard Mille Watch manufacturing companies of Switzerland Companies based in the canton of Jura Swiss companies established in 2001 Manufacturing companies established in 2001 Clock manufacturing companies of Switzerland Swiss watch brands 2001 establishments in Switzerland Luxury brands