Richard Abel (cultural Historian)
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Richard Abel is
Professor Emeritus ''Emeritus/Emerita'' () is an honorary title granted to someone who retirement, retires from a position of distinction, most commonly an academic faculty position, but is allowed to continue using the previous title, as in "professor emeritus". ...
of International
Film A film, also known as a movie or motion picture, is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, emotions, or atmosphere through the use of moving images that are generally, sinc ...
and
Media Media may refer to: Communication * Means of communication, tools and channels used to deliver information or data ** Advertising media, various media, content, buying and placement for advertising ** Interactive media, media that is inter ...
in the Department of Film, Television, and Media at the
University of Michigan The University of Michigan (U-M, U of M, or Michigan) is a public university, public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest institution of higher education in the state. The University of Mi ...
. He is a specialist in the history of
silent film A silent film is a film without synchronized recorded sound (or more generally, no audible dialogue). Though silent films convey narrative and emotion visually, various plot elements (such as a setting or era) or key lines of dialogue may, w ...
and pioneered the academic study of French
silent film A silent film is a film without synchronized recorded sound (or more generally, no audible dialogue). Though silent films convey narrative and emotion visually, various plot elements (such as a setting or era) or key lines of dialogue may, w ...
in the United States. Abel has authored numerous books and articles on a wide variety of topics including the rise and eclipse of
French cinema The cinema of France comprises the film industry and its film productions, whether made within the nation of France or by French film production companies abroad. It is the oldest and largest precursor of national cinemas in Europe, with prima ...
, the early history of the U.S. cinema industry, early film exhibition, the emergence of film culture in newspapers, the contributions of early women writers and critics, and, more recently, the role of early westerns in re-enacting
settler colonialism Settler colonialism is a logic and structure of displacement by Settler, settlers, using colonial rule, over an environment for replacing it and its indigenous peoples with settlements and the society of the settlers. Settler colonialism is ...
.


Life

Born in
Canton, Ohio Canton () is a city in Stark County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is the List of cities in Ohio, eighth-most populous city in Ohio, with a population of 70,872 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. The Canton–Massillo ...
, Abel enrolled in forestry and wildlife management at
Utah State University Utah State University (USU or Utah State) is a public university, public land grant colleges, land-grant research university with its main campus in Logan, Utah, United States. Founded in 1888 under the Morrill Land-Grant Acts as Utah's federal ...
but went on to obtain an undergraduate degree in English. He then pursued graduate studies in
comparative literature Comparative literature studies is an academic field dealing with the study of literature and cultural expression across language, linguistic, national, geographic, and discipline, disciplinary boundaries. Comparative literature "performs a role ...
at the
University of Southern California The University of Southern California (USC, SC, or Southern Cal) is a Private university, private research university in Los Angeles, California, United States. Founded in 1880 by Robert M. Widney, it is the oldest private research university in ...
where he earned his Ph.D. with a dissertation on
T.S. Eliot Thomas Stearns Eliot (26 September 18884 January 1965) was a poet, essayist and playwright.Bush, Ronald. "T. S. Eliot's Life and Career", in John A Garraty and Mark C. Carnes (eds), ''American National Biography''. New York: Oxford University ...
ane Saint-John Perse. Abel taught for many years at
Drake University Drake University is a private university in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. The University offers over 140 undergraduate and graduate programs, including professional programs in business, education, Legal education, law, and pharmacy. Drake U ...
in
Des Moines, Iowa Des Moines is the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of cities in Iowa, most populous city in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is the county seat of Polk County, Iowa, Polk County with parts extending into Warren County, Iowa, Wa ...
, and served successively as Director of Drake's Cultural Studies Program and of its Center for the Humanities. Both organized mini-conferences on subjects such as the Vietnam War: Contradictions in Cultural Representations, the Gulf War in Media Discourse, and Gender and Reception. In 2002, Abel and Barbara Hodgdon, an acclaimed scholar of
Shakespeare William Shakespeare ( 23 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's natio ...
, moved to the
University of Michigan The University of Michigan (U-M, U of M, or Michigan) is a public university, public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest institution of higher education in the state. The University of Mi ...
where he served as the
Robert Altman Robert Bernard Altman ( ; February 20, 1925 – November 20, 2006) was an American film director, screenwriter, and film producer, producer. He is considered an enduring figure from the New Hollywood era, known for directing subversive and sat ...
Collegiate Professor of Film Studies in the Department of Screen Arts and Cultures (now the Department of Film, Television, and Media). He also served as the Department's Interim Chair and Director of its Graduate Program.


Research

Although starting out in
comparative literature Comparative literature studies is an academic field dealing with the study of literature and cultural expression across language, linguistic, national, geographic, and discipline, disciplinary boundaries. Comparative literature "performs a role ...
, Abel's interests gradually shifted to
film studies Film studies is an academic discipline that deals with various film theory, theoretical, history of film, historical, and film criticism, critical approaches to film, cinema as an art form and a medium. It is sometimes subsumed within media stud ...
. In 1984, he published his first monograph, ''French Cinema: The First Wave, 1915-1929'' (
Princeton University Press Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University. Its mission is to disseminate scholarship within academia and society at large. The press was founded by Whitney Darrow, with the financial ...
). This ground-breaking history offers a reassessment of the forces operating in the French film industry, the development of narrative film genres, and the rise of an alternate cinema network to support avant-garde films. As a follow-up, he edited a two-volume anthology on ''French Film Theory and Criticism, 1907-1939'' (
Princeton University Press Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University. Its mission is to disseminate scholarship within academia and society at large. The press was founded by Whitney Darrow, with the financial ...
, 1988). Recovering a neglected moment in French cultural history, these anthologies compiled a rich selection of nearly one hundred and fifty important texts, most of them never before available in English. Drawing on extensive archival research, ''The Ciné Goes to Town: French Cinema, 1896-1914'' (
University of California Press The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish scholarly and scientific works by faculty ...
, 1994) is an invaluable, richly detailed history of France's early world-wide prominence and is the fullest account in English. Abel then published two studies on how American cinema eclipsed the economic and cultural predominance of French cinema in the U.S. The first, ''The Red Rooster Scare: Making Cinema American, 1900-1910'' by (
University of California Press The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish scholarly and scientific works by faculty ...
, 1999) argues that
Pathé Pathé SAS (; styled as PATHÉ!) is a French major film production and distribution company, owning a number of cinema chains through its subsidiary Pathé Cinémas and television networks across Europe. It is the name of a network of Fren ...
'Red Rooster' films made 'going to the movies' popular in vaudeville houses and nickelodeons until they were labelled 'foreign' as cinema became Americanized. The second study, ''Americanizing the Movies and 'Movie-Mad' Audiences'' (
University of California Press The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing. It was founded in 1893 to publish scholarly and scientific works by faculty ...
, 2006), shows how the production of certain genres, along with distribution and exhibition practices, came to play a significant role in the construction of American identity in the pre-WWI period. Following those two nation-focused books, Abel turned to more specific studies. ''Menus for Movie Land: Newspapers and the Emergence of American Film Culture, 1913-1916'' (
University of California The University of California (UC) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university, research university system in the U.S. state of California. Headquartered in Oakland, California, Oakland, the system is co ...
, 2006), argues that newspaper pages, articles, and reviews (many written by women) negotiated among national, regional, and local interests to shape fans' ephemeral experience of moving-going. ''Motor City Movie Culture, 1916-1925'' (
Indiana University Press Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences. Its headquarters are located in Bloomington, Indiana. IU Press publishes ...
, 2020) explores how the practices of local firms produced, distributed, exhibited, and publicized films in an effort to make movie-going a part of every life in the metropolitan city of Detroit and its diverse ethnic neighborhoods. ''Our Country/Whose Country: Early Westerns and Travel Films as Stories of Settler Colonialism'' (
Oxford University Press Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford. It is the largest university press in the world. Its first book was printed in Oxford in 1478, with the Press officially granted the legal right to print books ...
, 2023) shows how westerns and travel films stage a remarkable vision of white settlers' westward expansion that reveal a transformation in what 'American Progress' came to mean. Abel's most recent monograph, ''The Exhibitor as Producer: Stage Prologues in American Movies Theatres, 1917-1926'' (
Palgrave Macmillan Palgrave Macmillan is a British academic and trade publishing company headquartered in the London Borough of Camden. Its programme includes textbooks, journals, monographs, professional and reference works in print and online. It maintains offi ...
, 2024) recovers the unique theatrical practice that usually preceded a
feature film A feature film or feature-length film (often abbreviated to feature), also called a theatrical film, is a film (Film, motion picture, "movie" or simply “picture”) with a running time long enough to be considered the principal or sole present ...
and sometimes even became the main attraction that strongly affected an audience's movie-going experience. Among Abel’s other edited books, some co-edited with colleagues, are three in particular. ''Encyclopedia of Early Cinema'' (
Routledge Routledge ( ) is a British multinational corporation, multinational publisher. It was founded in 1836 by George Routledge, and specialises in providing academic books, academic journals, journals and online resources in the fields of the humanit ...
, 2005/2010) is a unique one-volume reference work that, with more than 950 entries commissioned by international specialists, explores the first twenty-five years of cinema’s development from the early 1890s to the mid-1910s. ''Early Cinema'':''Critical Concepts'' (
Routledge Routledge ( ) is a British multinational corporation, multinational publisher. It was founded in 1836 by George Routledge, and specialises in providing academic books, academic journals, journals and online resources in the fields of the humanit ...
, 2014) in four volumes constitutes a mini-library of essential and often less than easily available texts, including primary documents, on the early years of cinema. Following on ''Menus for Movie Land'', Abel authored ''Movie Mavens: US Newspaper Women Take on the Movies, 1914-1923'' (
University of Illinois Press The University of Illinois Press (UIP) is an American university press and is part of the University of Illinois System. Founded in 1918, the press publishes some 120 new books each year, thirty-three scholarly journals, and several electroni ...
, 2021) which offers a more specific collection of women editors and writers whose reviews and articles, sometimes with sharp wit and frank opinions, informed and entertained a wide readership, and especially women, hungry for news about their favorite stars, films, filmmakers, and others behind the scene. His books won the
Theatre Library Association Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors to present experiences of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a Stage (theatre), stage. The performe ...
Award in 1985, 1995 and 2006 and the Jay Leyda Prize in Cinema Studies in 1989. He also received NEH Fellowships in 1983, 2001, and 2011; an ACLS Fellowship in 1987; a National Humanities Center Fellowship in 1988; and a
Guggenheim Fellowship Guggenheim Fellowships are Grant (money), grants that have been awarded annually since by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, endowed by the late Simon Guggenheim, Simon and Olga Hirsh Guggenheim. These awards are bestowed upon indiv ...
in 1993. Among his scores of essays, the 1995 SCS Katherine Singer Kovács Award went to his article, “Pathé Goes to Town: French Films Create a Market for the Nickelodeon” Cinema Journal 35.1 (Fall 1995): 3-26; and the 2021 IAMHIST-
Routledge Routledge ( ) is a British multinational corporation, multinational publisher. It was founded in 1836 by George Routledge, and specialises in providing academic books, academic journals, journals and online resources in the fields of the humanit ...
Prize to “The Middleman of the Movies,” Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 41.1 (2021): 641-664." The Society for Cinema and Media Studies honored Abel with the Distinguished Career Award in 2014, and the Giornate del cinema muto did likewise with the
Jean Mitry Jean-René Pierre Goetgheluck Le Rouge Tillard des Acres de Presfontaines, whose pseudonym was Jean Mitry (; 7 November 1904 – 18 January 1988), was a French Film theory, film theorist, Film criticism, critic and Filmmaking, filmmaker, a co-fo ...
Award in 2017.


Published Monographs

*Abel, Richard. ''French Cinema: The First Wave, 1915-1929''. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984. *Abel, Richard. ''The Ciné Goes to Town: French Cinema, 1896-1914''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994. *Abel, Richard. ''The Red Rooster Scare: Making Cinema American, 1900-1910''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999. *Abel, Richard. ''Americanizing the Movies and 'Movie-Mad' Audiences, 1910-1914''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006. *Abel, Richard. ''Menus for Movieland: Newspapers and the Emergence of American Film Culture, 1913-1916''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2015. *Abel, Richard. ''Motor City Movie Culture''. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2020. *Abel, Richard. ''Our Country/Whose Country? Early Westerns and Travel Films as Stories of Settler Colonialism'', Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2023. *Abel, Richard. ''The Exhibitor as Producer: Stage Prologues in American Movie Theaters, 1917-1926''. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2024.


Edited Volumes

*Abel, Richard, ed. ''French Film Theory and Criticism''. 2 vols. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988. Vol 1.: 1907-1929; Vol. 2: 1929-1939. *Abel, Richard and Rick Altman, eds. ''The Sounds of Early Cinema''. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001. *Abel, Richard, ed. ''Encyclopedia of Early Cinema''. New York: Routledge, 2005. *Abel, Richard, Giorgio Bertellini, and Rob King, eds. ''Early Cinema and the 'National. East Barnet, United Kingdom: John Libbey Publishing, 2008. *Abel, Richard, ed. ''Early Cinema'', 4 vols. New York: Routledge, 2013. *Hodgdon, Barbara, ''Ghostly Fragments'', Richard Abel and Peter Holland, eds. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2020. *Abel, Richard, ed. ''Movie Mavens: US Newspaper Women Take on the Movies, 1914-1923.'' Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2021.


Awards and Honors

*2021 David H. Culbert IAMHIST-Routledge Prize for Best Article by an Established Scholar: “The Middleman of the Movies: US Film Exchanges, 1915-1919.” *2017
Jean Mitry Jean-René Pierre Goetgheluck Le Rouge Tillard des Acres de Presfontaines, whose pseudonym was Jean Mitry (; 7 November 1904 – 18 January 1988), was a French Film theory, film theorist, Film criticism, critic and Filmmaking, filmmaker, a co-fo ...
Award, Giornate del cinema muto, Pordonenone (Italy) *2016 Huffington Post annual honor: ''Menus for Movieland'', one of two best academic film books *2014 SCMS Distinguished Career Achievement Award *2006 Theatre Library Association Award: ''Americanizing the Movies and “Movie-Mad” Audiences'': finalist for best book on recorded performance. *2005 Theatre Library Association Award for best book on recorded performance: for the ''Encyclopedia of Early Cinema''. *1999 Kraszna-Kraus Moving Image Book Awards: finalist and special commendation for ''The Red Rooster Scare: Making Cinema American, 1900-1910.'' *1998 SCS Katherine Singer Kovács Award for best essay in cinema studies, 1995-1997: for "Pathé Goes to Town: French Films Create a Market for the Nickelodeon," Cinema Journal 35.1 (1995). *1995 Theatre Library Association Award for best book on recorded performance: for ''The Ciné Goes to Town: French Cinema, 1896-1914.'' *1989 Jay Leyda Prize in Cinema Studies: for ''French Film Theory and Criticism, 1907-1939''. *1985 Theatre Library Association Award for best book on recorded performance for ''French Cinema: The First Wave, 1915-1929.''


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abel, Richard 1941 births Living people University of Michigan faculty French male non-fiction writers