''Rhinichthys'', known as the riffle daces, is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

freshwater Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. The term excludes seawater and brackish water, but it does include non-salty mi ...

ray-finned fishes belonging to the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Leuciscidae Leuciscidae is a family of freshwater ray-finned fishes, formerly classified as a subfamily of the Cyprinidae, which contains the true minnows. Members of the Old World (OW) clade of minnows within this subfamily are known as European minnow ...

, the shiners, daces and minnows. The

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

is '' Rhinichthys atratulus'', the blacknose dace. ''Rhinichthys'' species range throughout

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South Ameri ...

. One of species in this genus, the loach minnow, is considered Vulnerable. It also includes the extinct Las Vegas dace, which was only first described in 1984 and had been declared extinct by 1986. The cheat minnow (''Pararhinichthys bowersi''), a natural

hybrid Hybrid may refer to: Science * Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding ** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species ** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two diff ...

of the longnose dace (''R. cataractae'') and the river chub (''Nocomis micropogon''), was formerly placed in this genus, but is now considered by some authorities to be valid under '' Pararhinichthys'', although this is regarded as a synonyms of ''Rhinichthys'' by ''

Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Catalog of Fishes is a comprehensive on-line database and reference work on the scientific names of fish species and genera. It is global in its scope and is hosted by the California Academy of Sciences. It has been compiled and is continuously up ...

''. The riffle daces are a basal lineage in an insufficiently resolved

clade In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach t ...

of American

. Such a group had been proposed on

anatomical Anatomy () is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old scien ...

evidence, and was verified using

mtDNA Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA and mDNA) is the DNA located in the mitochondria organelles in a eukaryotic cell that converts chemical energy from food into adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mitochondrial DNA is a small portion of the DNA contained in ...

12S rRNA

sequence In mathematics, a sequence is an enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed and order matters. Like a set, it contains members (also called ''elements'', or ''terms''). The number of elements (possibly infinite) is cal ...

Species

These are the currently valid species included in this genus: * '' Rhinichthys atratulus'' ( Hermann, 1804) (Eastern blacknose dace) * '' Rhinichthys cataractae'' (

Valenciennes Valenciennes (, also , , ; ; or ; ) is a communes of France, commune in the Nord (French department), Nord Departments of France, department, Hauts-de-France, France. It lies on the Scheldt () river. Although the city and region experienced ...

, 1842) (Longnose dace) * '' Rhinichthys deaconi'' R. R. Miller, 1984 (Las Vegas dace) * '' Rhinichthys evermanni'' Snyder, 1908 (Umpqua dace) * '' Rhinichthys falcatus'' ( C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1893) (Leopard dace) * '' Rhinichthys gabrielino'' Moyle, Buckmaster & Su, 2023 (Santa Ana speckled dace) * '' Rhinichthys klamathensis'' ( Evermann & Meek, 1898) (Western speckled dace) * '' Rhinichthys nevadensis'' Gilbert, 1893 (Desert speckled dace) * '' Rhinichthys obtusus''

Agassiz Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz ( ; ) FRS (For) FRSE (May 28, 1807 – December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born American biologist and geologist who is recognized as a scholar of Earth's natural history. Spending his early life in Switzerland, he recei ...

, 1854 (Western blacknose dace) * '' Rhinichthys osculus'' (Girard, 1856) (Speckled dace) * '' Rhinichthys umatilla'' ( C. H. Gilbert & Evermann, 1894) (Umatilla dace)

References

{{Authority control Pogonichthyinae Taxa named by Louis Agassiz