Republicans (), formerly known as Brazilian Republican Party ( pt, Partido Republicano Brasileiro) and formed as Renovator Municipalist Party ( pt, Partido Municipalista Renovador) is a Brazilian political party. Its electoral number is 10 and it became a registered political party on August 25, 2005. Its founders included Bishop Marcelo Crivella, who had been elected in 2002 as a senator representing the Liberal Party, from the state of Rio de Janeiro. The party has a strong association with the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God.

History

Founded in 2005, the Brazilian Republican Party first fought against President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, then rallied behind him after his re-election in 2006. According to one study, the PRB has been supportive of the Lula da Silva and Rousseff presidencies “on the basis of their concern for social democracy and for eliminating inequality.” Lula's Vice President José Alencar moved to PRB on 2005 after leaving the Liberal Party. However, later PRB started to join the new rising wave conservativism and anti- petism in Brazil and all of the PRB's deputies voted in favor of Dilma's impeachment. They then supported the government of Michel Temer. In the 2018 presidential election, the Brazilian Republican Party supports the candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party,

Geraldo Alckmin Geraldo José Rodrigues Alckmin Filho (; born 7 November 1952) is a Brazilian politician who is the vice president-elect of Brazil. He previously served as the Governor of São Paulo from 2001 to 2006, and then again from 2011 to 2018, the long ...

. Currently the party supports President

Jair Bolsonaro Jair Messias Bolsonaro (; born 21 March 1955) is a Brazilian politician and retired military officer who has been the 38th president of Brazil since 1 January 2019. He was elected in 2018 as a member of the Social Liberal Party, which he turn ...

, joining him due strong ideological affinity. For the

2022 Brazilian general election General elections were held on 2 October 2022 in Brazil to elect the president, vice president, the National Congress, the governors, vice governors, and legislative assemblies of all federative units, and the district council of Fernando de ...

, the Republicans formed a coalition with the Liberal Party (PL) and the Progressives (PP) in order to support Jair Bolsonaro's 2022 presidential campaign. Candidates launched by the Republicans had their image heavily associated and sometimes were endorsed by Bolsonaro. In August 2019 the Brazilian Republican Party changed its name into Republicanos. Justifying as "the name change reinforces the reformulation of the party's program and statute, “consolidating the position as a party conservative in customs and liberal in the economy”, seeking to emulate the

American Republican Party The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP ("Grand Old Party"), is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States. The GOP was founded in 1854 by anti-slavery activists who opposed the Kansas–Nebraska Ac ...

. The name change came with an manifesto adopting a resolute socially conservative position defending christian values, the traditional family and private property.

Participation

The party leader was Vitor Paulo dos Santos. The party's most important members are Bishop Marcelo Crivella, Rio de Janeiro

senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

and nephew of Universal's founder Bishop Edir Macedo, journalist

Celso Russomanno Celso Ubirajara Russomanno (born 20 August 1956 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian reporter specialized in consumer defense and politician. He currently serves as a federal deputy from São Paulo since 2015, and previously served in Congress from 1995 ...

and former Vice-President José Alencar. Famous football player Ronaldinho, also known as Ronaldo de Assis Moreira, joined the party in March 2018.

Ideology

Some commentators say that the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG), a

neo-charismatic The Neo-charismatic (also third-wave charismatic or hypercharismatic) movement is a movement within evangelical Protestant Christianity that is composed of a diverse range of independent churches and organizations that emphasize the post-biblical ...

church that is organized like a business enterprise, has used the party as a base for its bishops to run for political office. The emeritus professor of political sciences from the University of Brasília, David Fleischer, says: "The PRB is an evangelical party." Several members, such as Celso Russomanno, are Catholic. Several leading members, such as Edir Macedo and Marcelo Crivella, have expressed statements of

Christian fundamentalism Christian fundamentalism, also known as fundamental Christianity or fundamentalist Christianity, is a religious movement emphasizing biblical literalism. In its modern form, it began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries among British and ...

and religious intolerance. A UN report accused members of the UCKG of verbal and physical attacks on members of the Umbanda and

Candomblé Candomblé () is an African diasporic religion that developed in Brazil during the 19th century. It arose through a process of syncretism between several of the traditional religions of West Africa, especially that of the Yoruba, and the Roman ...

religions. Macedo considered participating in presidential elections in order to transform Brazil into a theocratic state. As mayor of Rio de Janeiro, Crivella called the Carnival of Rio de Janeiro an "un-Christian excess" and ordered severe financial cuts for the organisers. Furthermore, he is known for statements of religious intolerance. In his 1999 book ''Evangelizing Africa'', he claimed that homosexuality is a "terrible evil," that Catholics are "demonic", that African religions are based on "evil spirits," and that Hindus drink their children's blood. He has since tried to distance himself from the book, saying that it was the work of a young, immature missionary.

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Legislative elections

Notable members

Current

* Hamilton Mourão - Current Vice President of Brazil and Senator for

Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul (, , ; "Great River of the South") is a Federative units of Brazil, state in the South Region, Brazil, southern region of Brazil. It is the Federative_units_of_Brazil#List, fifth-most-populous state and the List of Brazilian st ...

(2023-2031) * Marcos Pereira - Vice-President of the

Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures. Description Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon R ...

(2019–present); Federal Deputy for São Paulo (2019–present); President of Republicans (2018–present); Minister of Industry, Foreign Trade and Services (2016-2018) *

Damares Alves Damares Regina Alves (born 11 September 1964) is a Brazilian lawyer and evangelical pastor. She served as the Minister of Women, Families and Human Rights during the Presidency of Jair Bolsonaro from 2019 to 2022. She is the second female minist ...

- Senator for the Federal District (2023-2031) * Marcelo Crivella - Mayor of Rio de Janeiro (2017-2021); Minister of Fishing and Aquaculture (2012-2014);

Senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

for Rio de Janeiro (2003-2017) * Mecias de Jesus -

for

Roraima Roraima (, ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil. Located in the country's North Region, it is the northernmost and most geographically and logistically isolated state in Brazil. It is bordered by the state of Pará to the southeast, Amazonas ...

(2019–present) *

- Federal Deputy for São Paulo (1995-2011; 2015–present) *

Johnathan de Jesus Johnathan Pereira de Jesus (born 3 September 1983) is a Brazilian politician. He has spent his political career representing Roraima, having served as state representative since 2015. Personal life de Jesus was born to Mecias de Jesus and Luzeni ...

- Federal Deputy for

(2011–present) * Silas Câmara - Federal Deputy for Amazonas (1999–present) * Rosângela Gomes - Federal Deputy for Rio de Janeiro (2015–present) * Cléber Verde - Federal Deputy for Maranhão (2007–present) *

Pinto Itamaraty José Eleonildo Soares, better known as Pinto Itamaraty (born May 10, 1960 in São Luís) is a Brazilian politician. He was alderman (2001–2007) and federal deputy (2007–2015). Itamaraty is senator from Maranhão Maranhão () is a st ...

for Maranhão (2016-2017)

Former

* José Alencar - Vice President of Brazil (2003-2010);

Minister of Defense A defence minister or minister of defence is a cabinet official position in charge of a ministry of defense, which regulates the armed forces in sovereign states. The role of a defence minister varies considerably from country to country; in som ...

(2004-2006);

for Minas Gerais (1999-2002) * Clarissa Garotinho - Federal Deputy for Rio de Janeiro (2015–present) *

Lincoln Portela Lincoln Dinz Portela (born 3 November 1953) is a Brazilian politician, television and radio personality as well as an evangelical pastor. He has spent his political career representing Minas Gerais, having served as state representative since 199 ...

- Federal Deputy for Minas Gerais (1999–present) *

Flávio Bolsonaro Flávio Nantes Bolsonaro (born 30 April 1981) is a Brazilian politician, lawyer and entrepreneur who is the eldest child of Brazilian President, Jair Bolsonaro. He was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Rio de Janeiro from ...

for Rio de Janeiro (2020-2021)

References

External links

Republicanos 10 , Portal de Notícias Oficial
Official website , - {{Brazilian political parties Political parties established in 2005 Conservative parties in Brazil Social conservative parties 2005 establishments in Brazil Christian political parties