Plisnesk archaeological complex is a group of archaeological sites located near the
khutir
A khutor ( ; rus, хутор, p=ˈxutər) or khutir (, ) is a type of rural locality in some countries of Eastern Europe; in the past the term mostly referred to a single- homestead settlement.[Pidhirtsi
Pidhirtsi (; ) is a village of about 1,000 inhabitants in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast of Ukraine, located about 80 km east of Lviv, 17 km south of Brody, 60 km north west of Ternopil. It belongs to Zabol ...]
,
Zolochiv Raion,
Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (, ), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (, ), is an administrative divisions of Ukraine, oblast in western Ukraine. The capital city, capital of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is
History Name
The region is named ...
), at the source of the Buzhok river.
['' Филипчук М. А'']
Plisnesk Пліснеськ
// Енциклопедія історії України : у 10 т. / редкол.: В. А. Смолій (голова) та ін. ; Інститут історії України НАН України, Київ : Наукова думка, 2011, Т. 8 : Па — Прик, s. 274. : іл., ISBN 978-966-00-1142-7.
The early medieval settlement had a big area of 400-450 ha which could inhabit tens of thousands of people, surrounded by several rows of fortifications, smaller settlements, more than 142 burial mounds, and included a fort with a pagan center.
Part of the
Luka-Raikovetska culture
The Luka-Raikovetska culture (); also rendered as Luka-Raikovets'ka, Luka-Raikovets, Luka-Raikovetskaya, Luka-Raykovetskaya or simply Raiky' or Raikovetska culture, is an early medieval archaeological culture of the Early Slavs in Eastern Eur ...
, it was a
Polis
Polis (: poleis) means 'city' in Ancient Greek. The ancient word ''polis'' had socio-political connotations not possessed by modern usage. For example, Modern Greek πόλη (polē) is located within a (''khôra''), "country", which is a πατ ...
-like city and one of the centers of early medieval tribe of
Croats
The Croats (; , ) are a South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and other neighboring countries in Central Europe, Central and Southeastern Europe who share a common Croatian Cultural heritage, ancest ...
.
The city's downfall and layers of burning are considered to be related to the
Vladimir the Great
Vladimir I Sviatoslavich or Volodymyr I Sviatoslavych (; Christian name: ''Basil''; 15 July 1015), given the epithet "the Great", was Prince of Novgorod from 970 and Grand Prince of Kiev from 978 until his death in 1015. The Eastern Orthodox ...
's war with the Croats (992-993).
Since 2015 is regionally protected as a
Historic and Cultural Reserve "
Ancient Plisnesk".
Information
In 1810, the first studies of the complex were conducted by the Vasylian Father Varlaam Kompanevych and the local official Heisler. Subsequently, archaeologists Teodor Zemencki (1881–1883),
Karol Hadaczek (1905, 1907),
Yaroslav Pasternak (1940),
Ivan Starchuk (1946–1949), Volodymyr Honcharov (1953), Mykhailo Kuchera (1954), Roman Bahrii (1970–1972, 1983), Mykola Peleshchyshyn, and Roman Chaika (1980) joined the study of Plisnesk.
Mykhailo Fylypchuk (1990, 1993, 1998–2004, 2007–2016) and
Andrii Fylypchuk (2015–2022) discovered dozens of dwellings, hundreds of Christian burials, Varangian mounds, structures of defensive structures, and a pagan cult site in the Olenyn Park tract.
Main attractions of the archaeological complex include:
* Ancient Slavic cult center of the late 7th–10th centuries
* Slavic site, attributed to the
White Croats
The White Croats (; ; ; ), also known simply as Croats, were a group of Early Slavs, Early Slavic tribes that lived between East Slavs, East Slavic and West Slavs, West Slavic tribes in the historical region of Galicia (Eastern Europe), Galicia n ...
and
White & Megali Croatia, of ancient fortified settlement 8th–10th centuries
* Old
Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus', also known as Kyivan Rus,.
* was the first East Slavs, East Slavic state and later an amalgam of principalities in Eastern Europe from the late 9th to the mid-13th century.John Channon & Robert Hudson, ''Penguin Historical At ...
site of ancient settlement 11th–13th centuries (chronicle Plisnesk, first mentioned in writing in 1118 in the chronicle, and then in the "
Tale of Igor's Campaign
''The Tale of Igor's Campaign'' or ''The Tale of Ihor's Campaign'' () is an anonymous epic poem written in the Old East Slavic language.
The title is occasionally translated as ''The Tale of the Campaign of Igor'', ''The Song of Igor's Campaign'' ...
". It was part of the
Galician principality and the
Galicia-Volyn state. It was destroyed in 1241 as a result of the Mongol invasion, and now there is a khutir of the same name in its place. The territory of the settlement is an archaeological monument of national importance)
[''Я. П'']
Пліснесько
// Енциклопедія українознавства : Словникова частина : 11 т. Наукове товариство імені Шевченка ; гол. ред. проф., д-р Володимир Кубійович, Париж — Нью-Йорк : Молоде життя, 1955–1995, Т. 6, s. 2109-2122.[Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України від 3 September 2009 № 928]
Про занесення об'єктів культурної спадщини національного значення до Державного реєстру нерухомих пам'яток України
.
* Mound burial ground of the 9th–early 12th centuries (now an archaeological monument of national importance)
* Complex of buildings of the Pidhirtsi (Plisnesk) Monastery of the Order of St. Basil the Great
References
Sources
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* ISBN 978-966-8067-43-10
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External links
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Historical Official website
{{Authority control
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
Archaeological sites in Ukraine
1810 establishments in Ukraine
Historic reserves in Ukraine