''Phyllonorycter emberizaepenella'' is a

moth Moths are a group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not Butterfly, butterflies. They were previously classified as suborder Heterocera, but the group is Paraphyly, paraphyletic with respect to butterflies (s ...

of the family

Gracillariidae Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, ''Cameraria ...

. It is found in all of

Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...

, except the

Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula ( ), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe. Mostly separated from the rest of the European landmass by the Pyrenees, it includes the territories of peninsular Spain and Continental Portugal, comprisin ...

and the

Balkan Peninsula The Balkans ( , ), corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throug ...

. The

wingspan The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the opposite wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingsp ...

is 9–10 mm. The forewings are shining golden-ochreous; a short whitish median streak from base; a fascia at 1/4, another at 1/2, two posterior costal and three dorsal wedge-shaped spots shining whitish, anteriorly blackish-margined; some blackish scales in disc between spots and towards apex. Hindwings are grey. The larva is green - whitish; dorsal line darker green; head pale greenish. There are two generations per year with adults on wing in May and again in August. The

larva A larva (; : larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage. Animals with indirect development such as insects, some arachnids, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase ...

e feed on '' Lonicera alpigena'', ''Lonicera'' × ''bella'', ''

Lonicera caerulea ''Lonicera caerulea'', commonly known as honeyberry or by various honeysuckle names, is a non- climbing honeysuckle native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere regions of North America, Europe, and Asia. The plant or its fruit has ...

'', '' Lonicera deflexicalyx'', '' Lonicera flava'', '' Lonicera gracilipes'', ''

Lonicera ledebourii Honeysuckles are arching shrubs or twining vines in the genus ''Lonicera'' () of the family Caprifoliaceae. The genus includes 158 species native to northern latitudes in North America, Eurasia, and North Africa. Widely known species include ...

'', ''

Lonicera maackii ''Lonicera maackii'', the Amur honeysuckle, is a species of honeysuckle in the family Caprifoliaceae that is native to temperate eastern Asia; specifically in northern and western China south to Yunnan, Mongolia, Primorsky Krai in southeastern S ...

'', '' Lonicera morrowii'', '' Lonicera nigra'', ''

Lonicera orientalis Honeysuckles are arching shrubs or twining vines in the genus ''Lonicera'' () of the family Caprifoliaceae. The genus includes 158 species native to northern latitudes in North America, Eurasia, and North Africa. Widely known species include ...

'', ''

Lonicera periclymenum ''Lonicera periclymenum'', common names honeysuckle, common honeysuckle, European honeysuckle, or woodbine, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae native to much of Europe, North Africa, Turkey and the Caucasus. It is foun ...

'', ''

Lonicera prostrata Honeysuckles are arching shrubs or twining vines in the genus ''Lonicera'' () of the family Caprifoliaceae. The genus includes 158 species native to northern latitudes in North America, Eurasia, and North Africa. Widely known species include ...

'', ''

Lonicera rupicola Honeysuckles are arching shrubs or Vine#Twining vines, twining vines in the genus ''Lonicera'' () of the family Caprifoliaceae. The genus includes 158 species native to northern latitudes in North America, Eurasia, and North Africa. Widely kno ...

'', ''

Lonicera tatarica ''Lonicera tatarica'' is a species of honeysuckle known by the common name Tatarian honeysuckle. Native to Asia, the plant is one of several exotic bush honeysuckles present in North America, being considered an invasive species there. Descriptio ...

'', ''

Lonicera webbiana Honeysuckles are arching shrubs or twining vines in the genus ''Lonicera'' () of the family Caprifoliaceae. The genus includes 158 species native to northern latitudes in North America, Eurasia, and North Africa. Widely known species include ...

'', ''

Lonicera xylosteum ''Lonicera xylosteum'', commonly known as fly honeysuckle, European fly honeysuckle, dwarf honeysuckle or fly woodbine is a deciduous shrub. Its fruit persists for an average of 15.4 days, and bears an average of 4.5 seeds per fruit. Fruits av ...

'' and ''

Symphoricarpos albus ''Symphoricarpos albus'' is a species of flowering plant in the honeysuckle family known by the common name common snowberry. Native to North America, it is browsed by some animals and planted for ornamental and ecological purposes, but is pois ...

''. They

mine Mine, mines, miners or mining may refer to: Extraction or digging *Miner, a person engaged in mining or digging *Mining, extraction of mineral resources from the ground through a mine Grammar *Mine, a first-person English possessive pronoun M ...

the leaves of their host plant.

References

External links

lepiforum.de
*Craves, J.A. (2017) Native birds exploit leaf-mining moth larvae using a new North American host, non-native ''Lonicera maackii'', Écoscience, 24:3-4, 81-90
DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2017.1367908
emberizaepenella Moths of Europe Taxa named by Peter Friedrich Bouché Moths described in 1834 {{Phyllonorycter-stub