The Philippine one thousand-peso note (
Filipino
Filipino may refer to:
* Something from or related to the Philippines
** Filipino language, standardized variety of 'Tagalog', the national language and one of the official languages of the Philippines.
** Filipinos, people who are citizens of th ...
: ''Sanlibong Piso'') (₱1000; PHP1000) is a
denomination of
Philippine currency. It is the largest denomination in general circulation in the Philippines. It is currently the only Philippine peso denomination that has a polymer banknote version.
The cotton-abaca version, features
José Abad Santos
José Abad Santos y Basco (, ; February 19, 1886 – May 1, 1942) was the fifth chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He briefly served as the acting president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines and acting commander-in-ch ...
,
Vicente Lim
Vicente Podico Lim (February 24, 1888 – December 31, 1944) was a Filipino brigadier general and World War II hero. Lim was the first Filipino graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point (Class of 1914). Prior to the establish ...
, and
Josefa Llanes Escoda
Josefa Madamba Llanes Escoda (20 September 1898 – 6 January 1945) was a Filipino civic leader, social worker, World War II heroine, and suffragette. She is most known for campaigning for women's suffrage and as a founder of the Girl Scouts o ...
on the front side of the notes, while the
Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park
The Tubbataha Natural Park, also known as the Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park ( fil, Bahurang Tubbataha), is a protected area of the Philippines located in the middle of the Sulu Sea. The marine and bird sanctuary consists of two huge atolls (named ...
and the
South Sea pearl
''Pinctada maxima'' is a species of pearl oyster, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Pteriidae, the pearl oysters. There are two different color varieties: the Silver-lipped oyster and the Gold-lipped oyster. These bivalves are the large ...
are featured on the back side of the note.
The
polymer
A polymer (; Greek ''poly-'', "many" + '' -mer'', "part")
is a substance or material consisting of very large molecules called macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits. Due to their broad spectrum of properties, both synthetic and ...
version, first issued in April 2022 features the
Philippine eagle
The Philippine eagle (''Pithecophaga jefferyi''), also known as the monkey-eating eagle or great Philippine eagle, is a critically endangered species of eagle of the family Accipitridae which is endemic to forests in the Philippines. It has b ...
on its obverse side while its reverse side has similar design elements with the cotton-abacá version.
History
Pre-independence
Japanese government issued series
In 1948, due to
hyperinflation
In economics, hyperinflation is a very high and typically accelerating inflation. It quickly erodes the real value of the local currency, as the prices of all goods increase. This causes people to minimize their holdings in that currency as t ...
caused by the ongoing event of
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
, the Japanese were forced to issue higher denominations of their fiat peso. The banknotes ceased becoming legal tender after the liberation.
File:Phil_JapPHP1000_1945.jpg, Japanese-sponsored Philippine Republic ₱1000 note.
Independence
New Design series
The New Design Series (NDS) was the name used to refer to Banknotes of the Philippine peso, banknotes of the Philippine peso issued from 1985 to 2013; it was also known as the BSP Series when the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas was established in 1 ...
(1991–2012)
The Central Bank of the Philippines introduced the one thousand peso denomination in December 1991. The note features the portraits of
former Chief Justice José Abad Santos
José Abad Santos y Basco (, ; February 19, 1886 – May 1, 1942) was the fifth chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines. He briefly served as the acting president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines and acting commander-in-ch ...
;
Josefa Llanes Escoda
Josefa Madamba Llanes Escoda (20 September 1898 – 6 January 1945) was a Filipino civic leader, social worker, World War II heroine, and suffragette. She is most known for campaigning for women's suffrage and as a founder of the Girl Scouts o ...
, civic worker and one of the founders of the
Girl Scouts of the Philippines
The Girl Scouts of the Philippines (GSP) is the national Girl Scouting association for girls and young women in the Philippines. Its mission is "to help girls and young women realize the ideals of womanhood and prepare themselves for their resp ...
; and
Vicente Lim
Vicente Podico Lim (February 24, 1888 – December 31, 1944) was a Filipino brigadier general and World War II hero. Lim was the first Filipino graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point (Class of 1914). Prior to the establish ...
, a general in the
Philippine Army
The Philippine Army (PA) (Tagalog: ''Hukbong Katihan ng Pilipinas''; in literal English: ''Army of the Ground of the Philippines''; in literal Spanish: ''Ejército de la Tierra de la Filipinas'') is the main, oldest and largest branch of the A ...
who was the first Filipino graduate of
West Point
The United States Military Academy (USMA), also known Metonymy, metonymically as West Point or simply as Army, is a United States service academies, United States service academy in West Point, New York. It was originally established as a f ...
. The three are considered heroes of the resistance against the
Japanese occupation of the Philippines
The Japanese occupation of the Philippines ( Filipino: ''Pananakop ng mga Japones sa Filipinas''; ja, 日本のフィリピン占領, Nihon no Firipin Senryō) occurred between 1942 and 1945, when Imperial Japan occupied the Commonwealth of t ...
. The obverse also features the
eternal flame
An eternal flame is a flame, lamp or torch that burns for an indefinite time. Most eternal flames are ignited and tended intentionally, but some are natural phenomena caused by natural gas leaks, peat fires and coal seam fires, all of which c ...
and
laurel leaves. The note is predominantly blue in color. The reverse features the
Banaue Rice Terraces
The Banaue Rice Terraces ( fil, Hagdan-hagdang Palayan ng Banawe) are terraces that were carved into the mountains of Banaue, Ifugao, in the Philippines, by the ancestors of the Igorot people. The terraces are occasionally called the " Eighth ...
,
Manunggul Jar
The Manunggul Jar is a secondary burial jar excavated from a Neolithic burial site in the Manunggul cave of the Tabon Caves at Lipuun Point in Palawan, Philippines. It dates from 890–710 B.C. and the two prominent figures at the top handle ...
cover, and Langgal (a mosque), representing the three island groups of the Philippines (
Luzon
Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, ...
,
Visayas
The Visayas ( ), or the Visayan Islands ( Visayan: ''Kabisay-an'', ; tl, Kabisayaan ), are one of the three principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, along with Luzon and Mindanao. Located in the central part of the archipelago, i ...
, and
Mindanao
Mindanao ( ) ( Jawi: مينداناو) is the second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the island is part of an island group of t ...
, respectively). This is also the only note for the series that uses
optically variable ink
Optically variable ink (OVI) also called color shifting ink is an anti- counterfeiting measure used on many major modern banknotes, as well as on other official documents ( professional licenses, for example).
The ink displays two distinct colo ...
. The banknote was designed by Romeo Mananquil.
After the creation of the
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
The Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (; commonly abbreviated as BSP in both Filipino and English) is the central bank of the Philippines. It was established on July 3, 1993, pursuant to the provision of Republic Act 7653 or the New Central Bank Act ...
, its new logo was incorporated on all the New Design series bills in 1993.
In 1998, the year of printing was added at the bottom of the denomination value located at the upper left corner of the obverse.
In 1999, the signature of the
Philippine president
The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of t ...
was moved slightly to the left to accommodate the names of the signatories on the bills and added them starting with banknotes featuring the signature of President
Joseph Estrada
Joseph Ejercito Estrada, (; born Jose Marcelo Ejercito; April 19, 1937), also known by the nickname Erap, is a Filipino politician and former actor. He served as the 13th president of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001, the 9th vice presi ...
.
In 2001, additional security features were added, such as the optically variable ink used for the "1000" on the lower left side of the obverse. Other features that were added are the security thread on the right side and the fluorescent printing on the left side across the portrait. To deplete the BSP's inventory of cotton-linen banknote paper, banknotes featuring the signatures of President
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
Maria Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal Arroyo (, born April 5, 1947), often referred to by her initials GMA, is a Filipino academic and politician serving as one of the Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines, House Deputy Spe ...
and BSP governor
Rafael Buenaventura
Rafael Carlos Baltazar Buenaventura (August 5, 1938 – November 30, 2006) was a prominent banker in the Philippines who served as the second Governor of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (from 1999 to 2005); he served under two Philippine presiden ...
were introduced earlier than the features mentioned before which makes the only banknote with the 2001 year mark to not feature the signature of President
Joseph Estrada
Joseph Ejercito Estrada, (; born Jose Marcelo Ejercito; April 19, 1937), also known by the nickname Erap, is a Filipino politician and former actor. He served as the 13th president of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001, the 9th vice presi ...
.
New Generation Currency series
The New Generation Currency (NGC) Series is the name used to refer to Philippine peso banknotes issued since 2010 and coins issued since 2018 (2017 for the five peso coin). The series uses the Myriad and Twentieth Century typefaces.
History ...
(2010–present)
The portraits of Abad Santos, Escoda, and Lim were revised, and a scene from the
Centennial celebration of Philippine independence was added on the lower left and an image of the
Order of Lakandula
The Order of Lakandula ( fil, Orden ni Lakandula) is one of the highest civilian orders of the Philippines, established on September 19, 2003. It is awarded for political and civic merit and in memory of King Lakandula’s dedication to the respo ...
medal (mislabeled as the "Medal of Honor") in the lower middle. The reverse now features the
Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park
The Tubbataha Natural Park, also known as the Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park ( fil, Bahurang Tubbataha), is a protected area of the Philippines located in the middle of the Sulu Sea. The marine and bird sanctuary consists of two huge atolls (named ...
and the
South Sea pearl
''Pinctada maxima'' is a species of pearl oyster, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Pteriidae, the pearl oysters. There are two different color varieties: the Silver-lipped oyster and the Gold-lipped oyster. These bivalves are the large ...
.
In 2017, an updated version of the 1000-peso banknote was released with changes in the font size of the year of issue and the italicization of the scientific name on the reverse side. The image of the Order of Lakandula and its description on the front side of the note were also removed.
In 2018, additional security features in the 1000 peso note, a blue 5mm-wide "3D security thread" (trademarked "Motion" by
Crane Currency
Crane Currency is a manufacturer of cotton based paper products used in the printing of banknotes, passports, and other secure documents.
History
Stephen Crane was the first in the Crane family to become a papermaker, buying his first mill, "T ...
).
In 2020, an enhanced version of the 1000 peso "New Generation Currency" banknote was released. Four notable changes were made. First, it added color-changing indigenous patterns to the security threads. Second, a rolling bar effect was also added in the 1000 located at the upper-left corner. Third, the 1000 number located at the bottom-left were added with a color-changing feature depending on what angle it is tilted. Finally, ten tactile marks were placed for the elderly and the visually impaired, five tactile marks were placed on the extreme left and right side of the front of the note.
Polymer version (2022)
In mid-2021, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas announced that new
polymer bills featuring the flora and fauna of the country will be in circulation. The portraits of Escoda, Abad Santos and Lim were replaced by a portrait of a
Philippine Eagle. Reactions to the design were mixed, with the descendants of Escoda, Abad Santos, and Lim all criticizing the decision as disrespectful to their memory and urging the BSP to retain the three portraits in the new bill. Other critics viewed the redesign as the first step in the removal of the portraits of Senator Benigno Aquino and President Corazon Aquino on the 500 peso bill.
Version history
Commemorative issues
Throughout its existence, the one thousand peso bill have been overprinted to commemorate certain events, namely:
''60 years of Central Banking'' commemorative bill
On July 9, 2009, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas introduced 12 million banknotes (2 million banknotes for each denomination) with an overprint commemorating 60 years of central banking. The overprint appears on the watermark area on all six circulating denominations.
Printing years
References
{{Philippine peso history
Banknotes of the Philippines
One-thousand-base-unit banknotes