The Phaegopterina are a
subtribe
Subtribe is a taxonomic category ranking which is below the rank of tribe and above genus. The standard suffix for a subtribe is -ina (in animals) or -inae (in plants). The first use of this word dates back to the late 19th century. An example of ...
of
tiger moths in the
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...
Arctiini
The Arctiini are a tribe (biology), tribe of Arctiinae (moth), tiger moths in the family Erebidae.
Systematics
The tribe was previously treated as a higher-level taxon, the subfamily Arctiinae, within the lichen and tiger moth family, Arctiida ...
, which is part of the family
Erebidae
The Erebidae are a family (biology), family of moths in the superfamily Noctuoidea. The family is among the largest families of moths by species count and contains a wide variety of well-known macromoth groups. The family includes the underwin ...
. The subtribe was described by
William Forsell Kirby
William Forsell Kirby (14 January 1844 – 20 November 1912) was an English entomologist and folklorist. He specialized in the study of the stick insects, describing nearly 70 species and 22 genera. His collection filled 120 cabinets and clai ...
in 1892. 469 species of Phaegopterina are present and 52 that are recently discovered in Brazil.
Taxonomic history
The subtribe was previously classified as the tribe Phaegopterini of the family Arctiidae.
In 2002, Jacobson & Weller proposed a clade ''Euchaetes'' within Arctiini.
[Jacobson NL & Weller SJ (2002) A cladistic study of the Arctiidae (Lepidoptera) by using characters of immatures and adults. ''Thomas Say publications in entomology'': 1-98, Entomologica Society of America: Lanham, Maryland.] In 2010, V. V. Dubatolov proposed that this clade should be classified as subtribe Euchaetina, containing eight arctiini genera, including ''
Euchaetes''.
[Dubatolov VV (2010) Tiger-moths of Eurasia (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) (Nyctemerini by Rob de Vos & Vladimir V. Dubatolov). ''Neue Entomologische Nachrichten'' 65:1-106] However, the name Euchaetina does not appear in the comprehensive 2010 checklist assembled by J. Donald Lafontaine and B. Christian Schmidt, nor its later updated versions, which place those genera under Phaegopterina.
Genera
The following genera are included in the subtribe. Numerous arctiine genera have not yet been assigned to a subtribe, so this genus list may be incomplete.
*''
Aemilia''
*''
Agaraea''
*''
Amastus
''Amastus'' is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1855.
Taxonomy
The delimitation of ''Amastus'' versus '' Hemihyalea'' has long been problematic. It was recently determined that the type specie ...
''
*''
Amaxia''
*''
Ammalo''
*''
Anaxita''
*''
Amphelarctia''
*''
Aphyarctia''
*''
Aphyle''
*''
Apiconoma''
*''
Apocrisias''
*''
Apyre''
*''
Araeomolis''
*''
Arctagyrta''
*''
Arctiarpia''
*''
Astralarctia''
*''
Azatrephes''
*''
Baritius''
*''
Bernathonomus''
*''
Bertholdia''
*''
Biturix''
*''
Calidota''
*''
Carales''
*''
Carathis''
*''
Castrica''
*''
Cissura''
*''
Coiffaitarctia''
*''
Cratoplastis''
*''
Cresera''
*''
Cycnia''
*''
Demolis''
*''
Dialeucias''
*''
Diaphanophora''
*''
Disconeura''
*''
Echeta''
*''
Ectypia''
*''
Elysius''
*''
Emurena''
*''
Epicrisias''
*''
Epimolis''
*''
Eriostepta''
*''
Ernassa''
*''
Euchaetes''
*''
Eucyrta''
*''
Euerythra'' (formerly in
Arctiina
The Arctiina are a subtribe of moths in the family Erebidae.
Taxonomy
The subtribe was previously treated as a higher-level taxon, the tribe Arctiini, within the lichen and tiger moth family Arctiidae. The ranks of the family and its subdivisio ...
)
*''
Eupseudosoma''
*''
Evius''
*''
Fasslia''
*''
Glaucostola''
*''
Gonotrephes''
*''
Gorgonidia''
*''
Graphea''
*''
Haemanota
''Haemanota'' is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1901.
Species
*''Haemanota abdominalis'' (Rothschild, 1909)
*''Haemanota affinis'' (Rothschild, 1909)
*''Haemanota alboapicalis'' (Rothschild, ...
''
*''
Haemaphlebiella''
*''
Halysidota''
*''
Haplonerita''
*''
Hemihyalea
''Hemihyalea'' is a monotypic moth genus in the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1901. Its only species, ''Hemihyalea cornea'', was first described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1853.
Taxonomy
The type species, '' ...
'' (may belong in ''
Amastus
''Amastus'' is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1855.
Taxonomy
The delimitation of ''Amastus'' versus '' Hemihyalea'' has long been problematic. It was recently determined that the type specie ...
'')
*''
Himerarctia''
*''
Hyalarctia''
*''
Hyperandra''
*''
Hyperthaema''
*''
Hypidalia''
*''
Hypidota''
*''
Hypocrisias''
*''
Hyponerita''
*''
Idalus''
*''
Ischnocampa''
*''
Ischnognatha''
*''
Kodiosoma'' (formerly in
Arctiina
The Arctiina are a subtribe of moths in the family Erebidae.
Taxonomy
The subtribe was previously treated as a higher-level taxon, the tribe Arctiini, within the lichen and tiger moth family Arctiidae. The ranks of the family and its subdivisio ...
)
*''
Laguerreia'' (tentatively placed here)
*''
Lalanneia'' (tentatively placed here)
*''
Lampruna''
*''
Lepidojulia''
*''
Lepidokirbyia''
*''
Lepidolutzia''
*''
Lepidozikania''
*''
Lepypiranga''
*''
Lerina'' (tentatively placed here)
*''
Leucanopsis''
*''
Lophocampa''
*''
Machadoia''
*''
Machaeraptenus''
*''
Mazaeras''
*''
Melanarctia''
*''
Melese''
*''
Mellamastus''
*''
Metacrisia''
*''
Metaxanthia''
*''
Munona''
*''
Nannodota''
*''
Neidalia''
*''
Neonerita''
*''
Neoplynes''
*''
Neozatrephes''
*''
Nezula''
*''
Nyearctia''
*''
Ochrodota''
*''
Onythes''
*''
Opharus
''Opharus'' is a genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classi ...
''
*''
Ordishia''
*''
Ormetica''
*''
Pachydota''
*''
Pagara''
*''
Paranerita''
*''
Parathyris''
*''
Pareuchaetes''
*''
Parevia''
*''
Pelochyta''
*''
Phaegoptera''
*''
Phaeomolis''
*''
Pitane''
*''
Pithea''
*''
Premolis''
*''
Pryteria''
*''
Pseudamastus''
*''
Pseudapistosia''
*''
Pseudepimolis''
*''
Pseudischnocampa''
*''
Pseudohemihyalea'' (formerly in ''
Hemihyalea
''Hemihyalea'' is a monotypic moth genus in the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1901. Its only species, ''Hemihyalea cornea'', was first described by Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer in 1853.
Taxonomy
The type species, '' ...
'')
*''
Pseudopharus''
*''
Pseudotessellarctia''
*''
Psychophasma''
*''
Purius''
*''
Pydnaodes''
*''
Pygarctia''
*''
Pygoctenucha''
*''
Regobarrosia''
*''
Rhipha''
*''
Robinsonia''
*''
Romualdia''
*''
Scaptius''
*''
Schalotomis''
*''
Selenarctia''
*''
Senecauxia'' (tentatively placed here)
*''
Soritena''
*''
Stidzaeras''
*''
Sutonocrea''
*''
Sychesia''
*''
Symphlebia''
*''
Syntomostola''
*''
Tessella
Tessella was an international analytics and data science consulting services company owned by Capgemini. It is now the Hybrid Intelligence team, within Capgemini Engineering.
History
Tessella was founded in 1980 by Kevin Gell. Tessella moved t ...
''
*''
Tessellarctia''
*''
Tessellota''
*''
Thyromolis''
*''
Thysanoprymna''
*''
Trichromia
''Trichromia'' is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae erected by Jacob Hübner in 1819. The members of this genus are largely indigenous to South America.
Species
*'' Trichromia albicollis'' (Hampson, 1905)
*'' Trichromia androconiata'' (Ro ...
''
*''
Tricypha''
*''
Trocodima''
*''
Turuptiana''
*''
Viviennea''
*''
Wanderbiltia''
*''
Watsonidia''
*''
Xanthoarctia''
*''
Xanthophaeina''
*''
Zaevius''
*''
Zatrephes''
References
*Lafontaine, J. D. & Fibiger, M. (2006)
"Revised higher classification of the Noctuoidea (Lepidoptera)" ''
Canadian Entomologist
''The Canadian Entomologist'' is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of entomology. It is published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada and was established in 1868. Volumes ...
''. 138: 610–635.
*Lafontaine, J. D. & Schmidt, B. C. (2010). "Annotated check list of the Noctuoidea (Insecta, Lepidoptera) of North America north of Mexico". ''
ZooKeys
''ZooKeys'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering zoological taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. It was established in 2008 and the founding editor-in-chief was Terry Erwin (Smithsonian Institution
The Smithsonian ...
''. 40: 1–239.
*Schmidt, B. C. & Opler, P. A. (2008)
"Revised checklist of the tiger moths of the Continental United States and Canada" ''
Zootaxa
''Zootaxa'' is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists. It is published by Magnolia Press (Auckland, New Zealand). The journal was established by Zhi-Qiang Zhang in 2001 and new issues are published multiple times a week ...
''. 1677: 1-23.
*Witt, T. J. & Ronkay, L. (2011). "Lymantriinae and Arctiinae - Including Phylogeny and Check List of the Quadrifid Noctuoidea of Europe". ''Noctuidae Europaeae''. 13: 1-44
*Teston, J. A., & Ferro, V. G. (2016). Arctiini Leach,
815(Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) of the Brazilian Amazon. I—Subtribe Phaegopterina Kirby, 1892. ''Check list'', ''12''(2), 1852.
Lepidoptera subtribes
{{Phaegopterina-stub