''Percavirus'' is a genus of

viruses A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are found in almo ...

in the order ''

Herpesvirales ''Herpesvirales'' is an order of dsDNA viruses (Baltimore group I) with animal hosts, characterised by a common morphology consisting of an icosahedral capsid enclosed in a glycoprotein-containing lipid envelope. Common infections in humans cause ...

'', in the family ''

Herpesviridae ''Orthoherpesviridae'', previously named and more widely known as ''Herpesviridae'', is a large family of DNA viruses that cause infections and certain diseases in animals, including humans. The members of this family are commonly known as herp ...

'', in the subfamily ''

Gammaherpesvirinae ''Gammaherpesvirinae'' is a subfamily of viruses in the order ''Herpesvirales'' and in the family ''Herpesviridae''. Viruses in ''Gammaherpesvirinae'' are distinguished by reproducing at a more variable rate than other subfamilies of ''Herpesvir ...

''. Mammals serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include:

conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye or Madras eye, is inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, clear layer that covers the white surface of the eye and the inner eyelid. It makes the eye appear pink or reddish. Pain, burning, scratchiness ...

immunosuppression Immunosuppression is a reduction of the activation or efficacy of the immune system. Some portions of the immune system itself have immunosuppressive effects on other parts of the immune system, and immunosuppression may occur as an adverse react ...

in foals, pneumonia, respiratory disease.

Species

The genus consists of the following species: * '' Percavirus equidgamma2'', also called

Equid gammaherpesvirus 2 Equid gammaherpesvirus 2, also called Equine herpesvirus 2 (EHV-2), is a virus of the family ''Herpesviridae'', originally known as equine cytomegalovirus due to its slow replication in tissue culture. However, complete sequencing of the EHV-2 g ...

* '' Percavirus equidgamma5'', also called

Equid gammaherpesvirus 5 Equid gammaherpesvirus 5 (EHV-5), also called Equine herpesvirus 5, is a species of virus in the genus ''Percavirus'', subfamily ''Gammaherpesvirinae'', family ''Herpesviridae'', and order ''Herpesvirales''. It is thought to be the cause of a ch ...

* '' Percavirus felidgamma1'', also called Felid gammaherpesvirus 1 * '' Percavirus mustelidgamma1'', also called Mustelid gammaherpesvirus 1 * ''

Percavirus phocidgamma3 ''Percavirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Herpesvirales'', in the family ''Herpesviridae'', in the subfamily ''Gammaherpesvirinae''. Mammals serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include: conjunctivitis, immunosup ...

'', also called

Phocid gammaherpesvirus 3 Phocid gammaherpesvirus 3 (PhHV-3) is a species of virus in the family ''Herpesviridae ''Orthoherpesviridae'', previously named and more widely known as ''Herpesviridae'', is a large family of DNA viruses that cause infections and certain di ...

* '' Percavirus rhinolophidgamma1'' * '' Percavirus vespertilionidgamma1'', also called Vespertilionid gammaherpesvirus 1

Structure

Viruses in ''Percavirus'' are enveloped, with icosahedral, spherical to pleomorphic, and round geometries, and T=16 symmetry. The diameter is around 150-200 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 180kb in length.

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral glycoproteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear egress, and budding. Mammals serve as the natural host.

References

External links

Viralzone: ''Percavirus''

ICTV
{{Taxonbar, from=Q18813565 Herpesviridae Virus genera