''para''-Iodomethamphetamine (PIMA), also known as 4-iodo-''N''-methylamphetamine (4-IMA) or as D-9, is a
monoaminergic
Monoaminergic means "working on monoamine neurotransmitters", which include serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and histamine.
A monoaminergic, or monoaminergic drug, is a chemical, which functions to directly modulate the seroton ...
drug
A drug is any chemical substance other than a nutrient or an essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. Consumption of drugs can be via insufflation (medicine), inhalation, drug i ...
of the
amphetamine
Amphetamine (contracted from Alpha and beta carbon, alpha-methylphenethylamine, methylphenethylamine) is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, an ...
family related to
''para''-chloroamphetamine (PCA).
It is the ''N''-
methyl
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula (whereas normal methane has the formula ). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as ...
analogue of
''para''-iodoamphetamine (PIA).
The drug is active in producing behavioral effects in animals, including
hallucinogen
Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelics, entheogens, or historically as psychotomimetics, are a large and diverse class of psychoactive drugs that can produce altered states of consciousness characterized by major alterations in thought, mo ...
-like effects.
However, it is unclear whether these effects actually represent hallucinogenic reactions.
PIMA does not appear to have been assessed, but other ''para''-
halogen
The halogens () are a group in the periodic table consisting of six chemically related elements: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and the radioactive elements astatine (At) and tennessine (Ts), though some authors would ...
ated amphetamines, such as PCA, are known to act as
monoamine releasing agent
A monoamine releasing agent (MRA), or simply monoamine releaser, is a drug that induces the release of one or more monoamine neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse, leading to an increase in the extracellular concentrati ...
s and as
monoaminergic neurotoxins.
They have not proved to be
psychedelic
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary mental states (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips") and a perceived "expansion of consciousness". Also referred to as classic halluci ...
in humans.
PIMA was studied by
Joseph Knoll and colleagues in the 1960s or 1970s.
See also
*
Substituted amphetamine
Substituted amphetamines, or simply amphetamines, are a chemical class, class of compounds based upon the amphetamine structure; it includes all derivative (chemistry), derivative compounds which are formed by replacing, or substitution reacti ...
*
''para''-Iodoamphetamine
*
''para''-Bromoamphetamine
*
''para''-Bromomethamphetamine
*
''para''-Chloroamphetamine
*
''para''-Chloromethamphetamine
*
''para''-Fluoroamphetamine
*
''para''-Fluoromethamphetamine
*
''N''-Methyl-DOI
References
External links
4-IMA - Isomer Design
4-Iodophenyl compounds
Methamphetamines
Substituted amphetamines
{{Psychoactive-stub