Par or PAR may refer to:

Finance

Par value Par value, in finance and accounting, means stated value or face value. From this come the expressions at par (at the par value), over par (over par value) and under par (under par value). Bonds A bond selling at par is priced at 100% of face val ...

, stated value or face value in finance and accounting *

Par yield In finance, par yield (or par value yield) is the yield on a fixed income security assuming that its market price is equal to par value (also known as face value or nominal value). Par yield is used to derive the U.S. Treasury’s daily officia ...

or par rate, in finance

Games

Par (score) In golf, par is the predetermined number of strokes that a proficient (scratch, or zero handicap) golfer should require to complete a hole, a round (the sum of the pars of the played holes), or a tournament (the sum of the pars of each round). ...

, the number of strokes a scratch golfer should require to complete a hole, round or tournament *

Par (golf scoring format) Par, or bogey, is a scoring system used mostly in amateur and club golf. It is a stroke play format played against the course, with match play scoring based on the number of strokes taken on each hole compared to a fixed score, usually the par ...

, an alternative to Stableford and normal stroke play *

Par contract Optimum contract and par contract are two closely related (and sometimes confused) bridge scoring terms in the card game contract bridge. Optimum contract The optimum contract is the one that offers the best chance of gaining the most scoring poi ...

, in contract bridge

Organizations

Businesses

Pan Am Railways Pan Am Railways, Inc. (PAR) is a subsidiary of CSX Corporation that operates Class II regional railroads covering northern New England from Mattawamkeag, Maine, to Rotterdam Junction, New York. Pan Am Railways is primarily made up of former Cl ...

, an American holding company * Par Pharmaceutical, now part of Endo International *

PaR Systems PAR Systems, Inc, is a systems engineering firm headquartered in Shoreview, Minnesota, specializing in automated manufacturing and material handling equipment. subsidiaries include Jered LLC, specializing in marine equipment and cargo handling sy ...

, an American automation company

Politicial parties

Aragonese Party The Aragonese Party ( es, Partido Aragonés, PAR) is a political party which advocates the interests of Aragon within Spain. The party was founded in 1978 under the name Aragonese Regionalist Party, but changed its name in 1990, keeping the initia ...

(''Partido Aragonés'', PAR), Spain * Movement For! (''Kustība Par!''), Latvia *

Party for the Restructured Antilles The Real Alternative Party ( nl, Echte Alternatieve Partij; pap, Partido Alternativa Real, PAR), formerly the Party for the Restructured Antilles ( nl, Partij voor Geherstructureerde Antillen, pap, Partido Antiá Restrukturá) until 2016, is a p ...

(''Partido Antiá Restrukturá'', PAR), Curaçao *

Revolutionary Action Party Revolutionary Action Party ( es, Partido Acción Revolucionaria, PAR) was a leftist political party in Guatemala during the ten-year Guatemalan Revolution. Formed in 1945, the party went through a series of mergers and fractures before dissolving ...

('Partido Acción Revolucionaria', PAR), Guatemala

Other organizations

Parkinson Association of the Rockies {{Infobox organization , name = Parkinson Association of the Rockies , logo = , motto = Providing the care that counts on the way to a cure. , type = non-profit organization, NPO , fo ...

, a not-for-profit organization * Pretoria Armoured Regiment, an armour regiment of the South African Army

Places

Par, Cornwall Par ( kw, An Porth, meaning ''creek'' or ''harbour''Henry Jenner, ''A Handbook of the Cornish Language: Chiefly in Its Latest Stages, with Some Account of its History and Literature'', Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1904 reprinted 2012 ...

, England ** Par railway station *

Par, Iran Par ( fa, پر) is a village in Nazlu-e Shomali Rural District, Nazlu District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western A ...

* Par, Vologda Oblast, Russia *

Par, Tibet This is an alphabetical list of all populated places, including cities, towns and villages, in the Tibet Autonomous Region of western China. A *Alamdo *Alhar *Arza *Asog B * Baga *Bagar * Baidi *Baima *Baimai *Baixoi *Bamda *Banag *Banba ...

Philippine Area of Responsibility The Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) is an area in the Northwestern Pacific where PAGASA, the Philippines' national meteorological agency, monitors weather occurrences. Significant weather disturbances, specifically tropical cyclones tha ...

, a weather monitoring area in the northwest Pacific *

Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...

* Parkesburg station, Pennsylvania, U.S., station code PAR * PAR, IATA airport code for the metropolital area of Paris, France * Par River (disambiguation), the name of several rivers

Science and technology

Biology and medicine

* Par (fly), a signal fly in the family Platystomatidae *

Photosynthetically active radiation Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) designates the spectral range (wave band) of solar radiation from 400 to 700 nanometers that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis. This spectral region corresponds more o ...

, a range of solar radiation * Post-anesthesia recovery, part of a hospital * Predictive adaptive response in biology *

Protease-activated receptor Protease-activated receptors (PAR) are a subfamily of related G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by cleavage of part of their extracellular domain. They are highly expressed in platelets, and also on endothelial cells, myocytes an ...

s PAR1, PAR2, PAR3, PAR4 *

Pseudoautosomal region The pseudoautosomal regions, PAR1, PAR2, are homologous sequences of nucleotides on the X and Y chromosomes. The pseudoautosomal regions get their name because any genes within them (so far at least 29 have been found for humans) are inherited j ...

s on sex chromosomes

Computing

par (command) The computer program par is a text formatting utility for Unix and Unix-like operating systems, written by Adam M. Costello as a replacement for the fmt command. Par reformats paragraphs of text to fit into a given line length optimally, keeping ...

, a text formatting utility for Unix * Page address register, containing physical addresses * Perl Archive Toolkit, a deployment tool *

Personal Animation Recorder PAR, the Personal Animation Recorder, is an analog video playback device for Amiga Amiga is a family of personal computers introduced by Commodore in 1985. The original model is one of a number of mid-1980s computers with 16- or 32-bit processo ...

, video capture for Amiga computers *

Pixel aspect ratio Pixel aspect ratio (often abbreviated PAR) is a mathematical ratio that describes how the width of a pixel in a digital image compares to the height of that pixel. Most digital imaging systems display an image as a grid of tiny, square pixel ...

, in digital imaging * .par, .par2, .par3, filename extensions of Parchive

Other uses in science and technology

* Parabolic aluminized reflector, PAR lamp or PAR, a type of electric lamp *

Participatory action research Participatory action research (PAR) is an approach to action research emphasizing participation and action by members of communities affected by that research. It seeks to understand the world by trying to change it, collaboratively and followin ...

, a social sciences research approach * Passive autocatalytic recombiner, device that removes hydrogen from a nuclear power plant during an accident *

Par meter Par or PAR may refer to: Finance * Par value, stated value or face value in finance and accounting * Par yield or par rate, in finance Games * Par (score), the number of strokes a scratch golfer should require to complete a hole, round or tourna ...

, to measure peak-to-average ratio in an electrical circuit *

Precision approach radar Precision approach radar (PAR) is a type of radar guidance system designed to provide lateral and vertical guidance to an aircraft pilot for landing, until the landing threshold is reached. Controllers monitoring the PAR displays observe each airc ...

, a radar guidance system