Pangoniinae is a subfamily of

Horse-flies Horse-flies or horseflies are true flies in the family Tabanidae in the insect order Diptera. They are often large and agile in flight, and only the female horseflies bite animals, including humans, to obtain blood. They prefer to fly in su ...

in the order Diptera, containing at least four

tribes The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...

and 24 genera. Insects in this subfamily are distinguished from other

Tabanidae Horse-flies or horseflies are true flies in the family Tabanidae in the insect order Diptera. They are often large and agile in flight, and only the female horseflies bite animals, including humans, to obtain blood. They prefer to fly in su ...

by possession of

ocelli A simple eye (sometimes called a pigment pit) refers to a form of eye or an optical arrangement composed of a single lens and without an elaborate retina such as occurs in most vertebrates. In this sense "simple eye" is distinct from a multi-le ...

and the antennal

flagellum A flagellum (; ) is a hairlike appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many protists with flagella are termed as flagellates. A microorganism may have f ...

usually has eight rings.

Tribes and Genera

Goniopsini

Tribe Goniopsini Lessard, 2014 *''

Goniops ''Goniops'' is a genus of horse and deer flies in the family Tabanidae. Distribution Canada, United States. References Tabanidae Brachycera genera Insects described in 1892 Diptera of North America Taxa named by John Merton Ald ...

'' Aldrich, 1892

Mycteromyiini

*''

Caenopangonia ''Caenopangonia'' is a genus of horse flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Caenopangonia aspera'' (Philip, 1958) *'' Caenopangonia brevirostris'' (Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city ...

'' Kröber, 1930

Pangoniini

Many

Neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bi ...

Tribe Pangoniini *'' Apatolestes'' Williston, 1885 *'' Asaphomyia'' Stone, 1953 *'' Austroplex'' Mackerras, 1955 *'' Brennania'' Philip, 1941 *'' Caenoprosopon'' Ricardo, 1915 *'' Ectenopsis'' Macquart, 1838 *'' Esenbeckia'' Rondani, 1863 *''

Nagatomyia ''Nagatomyia'' is a genus of horse flies in the family Tabanidae. Distribution Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is borde ...

'' Murdoch & Takashasi, 1961 *''

Pangonius ''Pangonius'' is a genus within the horse-fly family ( Tabanidae), often misspelled as ''Pangonia''; Latreille originally published the name as ''Pangonius'' in 1802, emending it in 1804 to ''Pangonia'', but the emendation is not valid under the ...

'' Latreille, 1802 *'' Pegasomyia'' Burger, 1985 *'' Protosilvius'' Enderlein, 1922 *''

Stonemyia ''Stonemyia'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Stonemyia amamiensis'' Yonetsu, 2000 *'' Stonemyia bazini'' ( Surcouf, 1922) *'' Stonemyia californica'' ( Bigot, 1892) *'' Stonemyia caucasica'' ( Kröber, 1921) *'' Stone ...

'' Brennan, 1935 *''

Therevopangonia ''Therevopangonia'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Therevopangonia insolita'' Mackerras, 1955 References Tabanidae Brachycera genera Diptera of Australasia {{Tabanoidea-stub ...

'' Mackerras, 1955 Philoliche

Philolichini

Tribe

Philolichini Pangoniinae is a subfamily of Horse-flies in the order Diptera, containing at least four tribes and 24 genera. Insects in this subfamily are distinguished from other Tabanidae by possession of ocelli and the antennal flagellum usually has ei ...

*''

Philoliche ''Philoliche'' is a genus of long-tongued Horse-flies found in the Old World. It appears to be the sole member of tribe Philolichini. The species ''Philoliche longirostris'' is noted for having the longest extension of the labium, used by males ...

Wiedemann Wiedemann is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Barbara Wiedemann (born 1945), American poet * Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann (1770–1840), German physician, historian, naturalist *Elisabeth Wiedemann (1926-2015), Ger ...

, 1920

Scionini

Scaptia lata 11 Feb 2010 Volcan Osorno Chile

Tribe

Scionini Scionini is a tribe of horse and deer flies in subfamily Pangoniinae of family Horse-fly, Tabanidae. Genera Genera according to the revised classification of Lessard (2014). The genera ''Goniops'' and ''Caenopangonia'', included in Scionini by ...

*''

Anzomyia ''Anzomyia'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Anzomyia anomala'' (Mackerras, 1960) *'' Anzomyia chrysomallis'' Lessard, 2012 *'' Anzomyia herculensis'' Lessard, 2012 *'' Anzomyia pegasus'' Lessard, 2012 References ...

'' Lessard, 2012 *''

Aotearomyia ''Aotearomyia'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Distribution New Zealand. Species *'' Aotearomyia adrel'' ( Walker, 1850) *'' Aotearomyia brevipalpis'' ( Kröber, 1931) *'' Aotearomyia lerda'' ( Walker, 1850) *'' Aotearomyia mil ...

'' Lessard, 2014 *''

Apocampta ''Apocampta'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Apocampta subcana'' ( Walker, 1848) References Tabanidae Brachycera genera Diptera of Australasia Taxa named by Ignaz Rudolph Schiner {{Tabanoidea-stub ...

'' Schiner, 1868 *''

Copidapha ''Copidapha'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Copidapha calabyi'' (Mackerras, 1960) *'' Copidapha clavata'' ( Macquart, 1837) *'' Copidapha gemina'' ( Walker, 1848) *'' Copidapha roei'' ( Macleay, 1826) *'' Copidapha s ...

'' Enderlein, 1922 *''

Fidena ''Fidena'' is a genus of horse-fly in the tribe Scionini. Species *'' Fidena abominata'' Philip, 1941 *'' Fidena adnaticornis'' Castro, 1945 *'' Fidena albibarba'' Enderlein, 1925 *'' Fidena albitaeniata'' ( Lutz, 1911) *'' Fidena analis'' (F ...

Walker Walker or The Walker may refer to: People *Walker (given name) *Walker (surname) *Walker (Brazilian footballer) (born 1982), Brazilian footballer Places In the United States *Walker, Arizona, in Yavapai County *Walker, Mono County, California * ...

, 1850 *''

Lepmia ''Lepmia'' is a genus of horse flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Lepmia hibernus'' (Wilkerson & Coscarón, 1984) *'' Lepmia molesta'' (Wiedemann Wiedemann is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Barbara Wiedeman ...

Fairchild Fairchild may refer to: Organizations * Fairchild Aerial Surveys, operated in cooperation with a subsidiary of Fairey Aviation Company * Fairchild Camera and Instrument * List of Sherman Fairchild companies, "Fairchild" companies * Fairchild Fa ...

, 1969 *''

Myioscaptia ''Myioscaptia'' is a genus of horse flies in the family Horse-fly, Tabanidae. Species *''Myioscaptia bancrofti'' (Ernest Edward Austen, Austen, 1912) *''Myioscaptia calliphora'' (Mackerras, 1960) *''Myioscaptia collessi'' (Lessard, 2013) *''Myio ...

'' Mackerras, 1955 *'' Osca''

, 1850 *''

Palimmecomyia ''Palimmecomyia'' is a genus of horse flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Palimmecomyia pictipennis'' (Mackerras, 1960) *'' Palimmecomyia walkeri'' (Newman Newman is a surname of English origin and may refer to many people: The surn ...

'' Taylor, 1917 *''

Parosca ''Parosca'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Parosca latipalpis'' ( Macquart, 1850) *'' Parosca subulipalpis'' ( Enderlein, 1929) *'' Parosca viridiventris'' ( Macquart, 1838) References Tabanidae Brachycera gene ...

'' Enderlein, 1922 *''

Pityocera ''Pityocera'' is a genus of fly, flies in the family Horse-fly, Tabanidae. Species *''Pityocera barrosi'' Gorayeb & Krolow, 2015 *''Pityocera cervus'' (Christian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann, Wiedemann, 1828) *''Pityocera ecuadorensis'' Buestan & K ...

Giglio-Tos Ermanno Giglio-Tos (25 March 1865 – 18 August 1926) was an Italian entomologist. Giglio-Tos was born at Chiaverano, Turin, and studied at the University of Turin from 1886 until 1896 under Michele Lessona. Later he was a professor at the Uni ...

, 1896 *''

Plinthina ''Plinthina'' is a subgenus of Horse-fly in the tribe Scionini. Species *''Scaptia arnhemensis, Scaptia (Plinthina) arnhemensis'' Lessard, 2012 *''Scaptia aurifulga, Scaptia (Plinthina) aurifulga'' Lessard, 2011 *''Scaptia binotata, Scaptia (Pli ...

, 1850 *''

Pseudomelpia ''Pseudomelpia'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Pseudomelpia horrens'' Enderlein, 1925 References Tabanidae Brachycera genera Diptera of South America Taxa named by Günther Enderlein {{Tabanoidea-stub ...

'' Enderlein, 1922 *''

Pseudoscione ''Pseudoscione'' is a genus of fly, flies in the family Horse-fly, Tabanidae. Species *''Pseudoscione albifrons'' (Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart, Macquart, 1838) *''Pseudoscione dorsoguttata'' (Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart, Macquart, 1850) *''Pse ...

Lutz Lutz is a surname and given name, occasionally a short form of Ludwig. People with the name include: Surname *Adolfo Lutz (1855–1940), Brazilian physician * Aleda E. Lutz (1915–1944), American Army flight nurse *Alois Lutz, Austrian figure s ...

, 1918 *''

Scaptia ''Scaptia'' is a genus of horse-fly in the tribe Scionini. Species *''Scaptia abdominalis'' (Ricardo, 1917) *''Scaptia alpina'' Mackerras, 1960 *''Scaptia arnhemensis'' Lessard, 2012 *''Scaptia auranticula'' Mackerras, 1960 *''Scaptia aurata'' ( ...

, 1850 *:''

, 1850 *''

Scione Scione or Skione ( grc, Σκιώνη) was an ancient Greek city in Pallene, the westernmost headland of Chalcidice, on the southern coast east of the modern town of Nea Skioni. Scione was founded by settlers from Achaea; the Scionaeans claimed ...

, 1850 *''

Triclista ''Triclista'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Triclista guttata'' (Donovan Donovan Phillips Leitch (born 10 May 1946), known mononymously as Donovan, is a Scottish musician, songwriter, and record producer. He d ...

'' Enderlein, 1922

Scepsidini

Tribe

Scepsidini Pangoniinae is a subfamily of Horse-fly, Horse-flies in the order Diptera, containing at least four Tribe (biology), tribes and 24 genera. Insects in this subfamily are distinguished from other Horse-fly, Tabanidae by possession of Simple eye in ...

*''

Scepsis Scepsis or Skepsis ( grc, Σκῆψις or Σκέψις) was an ancient settlement in the Troad, Asia Minor that is at the present site of the village of Kurşunlutepe, near the town of Bayramiç in Turkey. The settlement is notable for being t ...

, 1850

''
Incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...
''

*''

Zophina ''Zophina'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *''Zophina eiseni ''Zophina'' is a genus of flies in the family Tabanidae. Species *'' Zophina eiseni'' ( Townsend, 1895) References Tabanidae Brachycera genera D ...

'' Philip, 1954

References

External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q5682644 Tabanidae Brachycera subfamilies Taxa named by Hermann Loew

Tribes and Genera

Goniopsini

Mycteromyiini

Pangoniini

Philolichini

Scionini

Scepsidini

''Incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...''

References

External links

''
Incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...
''