Pandy () is a hamlet in the

Ceiriog Valley The Ceiriog Valley () is the valley of the River Ceiriog in north-east Wales. Its Welsh name, "Dyffryn Ceiriog", is the name of an electoral ward of Wrexham County Borough. The ward is the largest ward of the county borough by area and forms a s ...

Wrexham County Borough Wrexham County Borough () is a Principal areas of Wales, county borough, with city status in the United Kingdom, city status, in the North East Wales, north-east of Wales. It borders the English ceremonial counties of Cheshire and Shropshire to ...

, Wales. It is located on the

confluence In geography, a confluence (also ''conflux'') occurs where two or more watercourses join to form a single channel (geography), channel. A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river (main ...

of the

River Ceiriog The River Ceiriog () is an long river in north east Wales, whose name may derive from a term meaning "favoured one". It is a tributary of the River Dee. It rises at an altitude of around on the south east slopes of Moel Fferna in the Berwyn ...

to the east, and the smaller River Teirw flowing from Nantyr moors to the north-west. The river level at Pandy of the River Ceiriog is ~, downstream from

Llanarmon Dyffryn Ceiriog Llanarmon Dyffryn Ceiriog (; often referred to as Llanarmon DC or locally simply as Llanarmon) is a village in Wrexham County Borough, Wales. It lies on the River Ceiriog and is at the end of the B4500 road, south-west of Glyn Ceiriog and no ...

, and upstream from

Glyn Ceiriog Glyn Ceiriog () is the principal settlement of the Ceiriog Valley and a community in Wrexham County Borough, north-east Wales. Glyn Ceiriog translates simply as Ceiriog Valley, though there are other villages in the valley. The village and comm ...

. Pandy means "

fulling mill Fulling, also known as tucking or walking ( Scots: ''waukin'', hence often spelt waulking in Scottish English), is a step in woollen clothmaking which involves the cleansing of woven cloth (particularly wool) to eliminate (lanolin) oils, dirt, ...

" in

Welsh Welsh may refer to: Related to Wales * Welsh, of or about Wales * Welsh language, spoken in Wales * Welsh people, an ethnic group native to Wales Places * Welsh, Arkansas, U.S. * Welsh, Louisiana, U.S. * Welsh, Ohio, U.S. * Welsh Basin, during t ...

. The hamlet is home to a fulling mill thought to be the oldest fulling mill in Wales. Dating to 1365, the mill was later converted into a pub known as the Woolpack Inn, also providing visitor accommodation, and until 2016, was home to the Pandy Mill Gallery, dedicated to

glass art Glass art refers to individual works of art that are substantially or wholly made of glass. It ranges in size from monumental works and installation pieces to wall hangings and windows, to works of art made in studios and factories, including gl ...

. Minerals were also extracted from the local Pandy area, including

silica Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula , commonly found in nature as quartz. In many parts of the world, silica is the major constituent of sand. Silica is one of the most complex and abundant f ...

dolerite Diabase (), also called dolerite () or microgabbro, is a mafic, holocrystalline, subvolcanic rock equivalent to volcanic basalt or plutonic gabbro. Diabase dikes and sills are typically shallow intrusive bodies and often exhibit fine-grain ...

, and

China stone China stone (occasionally ''Cornish stone'' or ''Cornwall stone'') is a medium grained, feldspar-rich partially kaolinised granite characterised by the absence of iron-bearing minerals. Its mineral content includes quartz, feldspar and mica; acc ...

. Craig y Pandy (the Pandy crags) composed of

Volcanic tuff Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Following ejection and deposition, the ash is lithified into a solid rock. Rock that contains greater than 75% ash is considered tuff, while rock cont ...

overlooks the hamlet. The

Glyn Valley Tramway The Glyn Valley Tramway was a narrow-gauge railway that ran through the Ceiriog Valley in north-east Wales, connecting Chirk with Glyn Ceiriog in Denbighshire (now Wrexham County Borough). The gauge of the line was while it was horse-drawn, ...

used to pass the hamlet and was the main transport link of the hamlet, since superseded by the B4500 road which passes through the hamlet. In November 2020, during a 17-day lockdown concerning the

COVID-19 pandemic in Wales The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have spread to Wales on 28 February 2020, with a case being reported in the Swansea area; this first known case was a person who had recently returned from Italy. The first known case of community transmi ...

, the hamlet experienced very low broadband speeds with costs the expand fibre broadband considered expensive at the time.

References

{{Wrexham Villages in Wrexham County Borough