Paldiski is a seaside
town
A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city.
The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...
in northwestern
Estonia
Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Ru ...
, located on the
Pakri Peninsula and adjacent
Pakri islands in the
Gulf of Finland
The Gulf of Finland (; ; ; ) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It extends between Finland to the north and Estonia to the south, to Saint Petersburg—the second largest city of Russia—to the east, where the river Neva drains into it. ...
of the
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by the countries of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the North European Plain, North and Central European Plain regions. It is the ...
. It is the administrative centre of the
Lääne-Harju Parish in
Harju County
Harju County ( or ''Harjumaa''), is one of the fifteen counties of Estonia. It is situated in northern Estonia, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, and borders Lääne-Viru County to the east, Järva County to the southeast, Rapla Count ...
.
Paldiski is home to a large ice-free
port
A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Hamburg, Manch ...
and the terminus of the
Tallinn
Tallinn is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Estonia, most populous city of Estonia. Situated on a Tallinn Bay, bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, it has a population of (as of 2025) and ...
-
Paldiski railway line. The port is served by passenger
ferry
A ferry is a boat or ship that transports passengers, and occasionally vehicles and cargo, across a body of water. A small passenger ferry with multiple stops, like those in Venice, Italy, is sometimes referred to as a water taxi or water bus ...
services to
Kapellskär,
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
, operated by
Tallink and
DFDS Seaways.
As of 1 January 2021, the town had a population of 3542.
Etymology
The first known name of Paldiski Bay is Rågervik, meaning "rye island bay" in the
Swedish language
Swedish ( ) is a North Germanic languages, North Germanic language from the Indo-European languages, Indo-European language family, spoken predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland. It has at least 10 million native speakers, making it the G ...
; it was derived from the name
Estonian Swedes used for the
Pakri islands: ''Rågöarna''. A small harbour, also named Rågervik, was established on the southern coast of the Pakri Peninsula in the 17th century.
This port has also been referred to as ''Rudewa''
and ''Rågövik''.
After Estonia was conquered by the
Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan the Terrible, Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.
...
in 1710, a new port was built circa 1 km north of the old port,
but the name Rågervik (, ) remained unchanged.
On 20 August 1762, by the order of Empress
Catherine the Great
Catherine II. (born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 172917 November 1796), most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796. She came to power after overthrowing her husband, Peter I ...
of Russia, Rågervik was renamed Baltiyskiy Port (, , deriving from the
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by the countries of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the North European Plain, North and Central European Plain regions. It is the ...
).
The modern, phonetically spelled
Estonian language
Estonian ( ) is a Finnic language and the official language of Estonia. It is written in the Latin script and is the first language of the majority of the country's population; it is also an official language of the European Union. Estonian is sp ...
name Paldiski first appeared in literature in the first half of the 19th century. It became the official name on 19 June 1933.
Prior to 1933, the official spelling of the name in Estonian was Baltiski.
History
Early history
Laoküla village, situated just south-east of Paldiski, was first mentioned in the Danish Census Book in 1241 as ''Laiduscæ''. It was a part of the then Keila parish and had an area of 18
ploughlands.
The Pakri islands, situated just off the coast of the current town, were first mentioned in 1283 as ''insula Rogoy'', meaning "the rye island", but it is unknown if the islands had any inhabitants at the time or which island was referred to.
However, in 1345, Suur-Pakri Island, belonging to
Padise Monastery, and some territories in Laoküla, belonging to
Keila Manor, were sold to Swedish settlers. It is speculated that the sales happened as a result of the
Saint George's Night Uprising of 1343, to shield the coast from rebellious
Estonians
Estonians or Estonian people () are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe, primarily their nation state of Estonia.
Estonians primarily speak the Estonian language, a language closely related to other Finni ...
. It is also speculated that some of the settlers were from
Uusimaa, as Padise Monastery owned territories there.
The first written records of human activity on the territory of modern mainland Paldiski are about Pakri village from 1377, which was situated on the eastern edge of the modern administrative border of Paldiski, in the middle of the peninsula. In Estonian, Pakri Peninsula and Pakri Islands are named after this village.
Väike-Pakri was first mentioned in 1425. The island was likely settled by Laoküla Swedes, as both were a part of Keila Manor.
Pakri Peninsula also belonged to Keila Manor.
On the north-eastern coast of the peninsula, Leetse village was first mentioned in 1561, and the manor was established in 1677. Sometime during the 19th century, the village directly to the west of the manor, in the interior of the peninsula, that previously had been referred to as ''Perraste'', ''Paresta'' and ''Pärast'', was renamed Leetse village.
Pallaste village was first mentioned in 1582, with the manor being established in 1802. The manor was located 1.5 kilometers north-east of the port. Ohtra village, just south of Pakri village, had existed since at least the end of the 17th century.
There are reports of severe Russian raids and looting in the area from around 1576–1580, which were repeated by the Polish around the years 1601 and 1611. This led to a significant loss of population in the area.
In 1622,
Gustav II Adolf of Sweden granted the lands of the Padise monastery, including Suur-Pakri Island, to Thomas von Ramm, the former
bürgermeister of
Riga
Riga ( ) is the capital, Primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Latvia, largest city of Latvia. Home to 591,882 inhabitants (as of 2025), the city accounts for a third of Latvia's total population. The population of Riga Planni ...
. Additionally, Thomas von Ramm purchased Väike-Pakri Island from Keila Manor in 1628. Von Ramms kept the ownership of both islands and the Padise Manor until Estonia became independent.
The Swedish port of Rågervik was established sometime during the 17th century, being located approximately one kilometer south of where Peter the Great was later going to establish his port by the same name.
Russian Empire
Rogerwiek
Peter the Great
Peter I (, ;
– ), better known as Peter the Great, was the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, Tsar of all Russia from 1682 and the first Emperor of Russia, Emperor of all Russia from 1721 until his death in 1725. He reigned j ...
, on behalf of
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...
, entered the
Great Northern War
In the Great Northern War (1700–1721) a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern Europe, Northern, Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the ant ...
against
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
in 1700 with the aim of restoring Russia's access to the
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by the countries of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the North European Plain, North and Central European Plain regions. It is the ...
, which it had previously lost. He began building a fleet on the Baltic Sea in 1702, established
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...
in 1703, and by 1710, he had gained full control over
Estonia
Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Ru ...
and
Livonia
Livonia, known in earlier records as Livland, is a historical region on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. It is named after the Livonians, who lived on the shores of present-day Latvia.
By the end of the 13th century, the name was extende ...
. Upon assuming control, Peter ordered a survey of the coasts of the new territories to identify potential locations for building new ports. The survey determined that Rågervik Bay (modern Paldiski Bay) was the only suitable place on the southern shore of the
Gulf of Finland
The Gulf of Finland (; ; ; ) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It extends between Finland to the north and Estonia to the south, to Saint Petersburg—the second largest city of Russia—to the east, where the river Neva drains into it. ...
for constructing a new warship port, despite having major drawbacks. Due to this, it was decided to temporarily utilize the already existing port in
Reval instead, which also had major drawbacks. Dissatisfied with the lack of a suitable warship port on the southern shore of the gulf and near the open sea, Peter the Great personally began searching for the ideal location of the port. On July 23, 1715, he decided that the new port was going to be built on the shores of Rågervik Bay. Preparatory work finally started on 20 July 1718, when
Peter the Great
Peter I (, ;
– ), better known as Peter the Great, was the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, Tsar of all Russia from 1682 and the first Emperor of Russia, Emperor of all Russia from 1721 until his death in 1725. He reigned j ...
of Russia ceremoniously initiated the construction of the fortress and the
breakwater between the mainland and
Väike-Pakri Island.
As part of the preparations, among other things, church, barracks and two piers were built, but relatively little work was actually done.
Real work only started in 1723, when the Great Northern War had concluded. Many things were built, including bastions and central rampart for the fortress, an almost 300 meter long breakwater for the port, and a lighthouse at the tip of the peninsula. There were also plans to build a fortress on the Väike-Pakri Island, right across the bay from the mainland fortress, but these plans were ultimately abandoned, when Peter the Great died in January 1725. Works on the mainland slowed down significantly, and were completely halted by 1731. Two
artillery batteries were finished on the mainland in 1726 and at least one on Väike-Pakri in 1731. Two additional batteries being built on the mainland during the
Russo-Swedish War of 1741–1743. In 1746,
Elizabeth of Russia
Elizabeth or Elizaveta Petrovna (; ) was Empress of Russia from 1741 until her death in 1762. She remains one of the most popular List of Russian rulers, Russian monarchs because of her decision not to execute a single person during her reign, ...
ordered for works to be continued, but ultimately nothing came of it.
Some works on the port and the breakwater continued in 1751 and 1753, respectively.
Baltiiski Port
On 20 August 1762,
Catherine the Great
Catherine II. (born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 172917 November 1796), most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796. She came to power after overthrowing her husband, Peter I ...
of Russia gave orders to rename Rogerwiek to Baltiiski Port. She also tasked
Burkhard Christoph von Münnich
Burkhard Christoph Graf von Münnich (; – ) was a German-born army officer who became a field marshal and political figure in the Russian Empire.
He carried out major reforms in the Russian Army and founded several elite military forma ...
, a known fortification expert, with finishing the long-lasting project of fortifying the port. Münnich presented his plan in 1763, but it was deemed too grandiose and also less important than the port in
Kronstadt. Ultimately, no new construction works began, only existing projects were to be worked on. Münnich died in 1767. On 18 November 1768, Catherine the Great ordered for works to be stopped. At this time, the breakwater on the mainland was 400 meters long, with the breakwater on Väike-Pakri being 100 meters long. The port was 447 meters by 1067 meters in size.
Baltiiski Port received town rights on 3 July 1783
being the center of the Baltiiski Kreis that existed between 1783 and 1796. Between 1787 and 1820, Baltiiski Port also held the status of a county town, which resulted in a court and other governmental institutions being established.
On 6 March 1790, during the
Russo-Swedish War of 1788–1790,
Swedish warships sailing under
Dutch flags seized the port for a day and destroyed its artillery batteries.
Rogerwiek Bay was blockaded by the Swedish and British navies in the fall of 1808 as part of the
Finnish War
The Finnish War (; ; ) was fought between the Gustavian era, Kingdom of Sweden and the Russian Empire from 21 February 1808 to 17 September 1809 as part of the Napoleonic Wars. As a result of the war, the eastern third of Sweden was established a ...
. When the blockade was lifted, Russian ships left for
Kronstadt, leading to the British bombarding Baltiiski Port, which caused little damage.
As part of the
Crimean War
The Crimean War was fought between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, the Second French Empire, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont fro ...
, British warships were in Rogerwiek Bay between 23 June and 25 June in 1854, though they did not bombard the town.
By the end of the 18th century, after the
Russo-Swedish War of 1788–1790, the fortress and garrison had lost their importance and were abandoned, but the garrison was temporarily reestablished several times after that. The town's civilian population had grown significantly, reaching around 500 inhabitants
The construction of the
St. Petersburg-
Tallinn
Tallinn is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Estonia, most populous city of Estonia. Situated on a Tallinn Bay, bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, it has a population of (as of 2025) and ...
-
Paldiski
Paldiski is a seaside Populated places in Estonia, town in northwestern Estonia, located on the Pakri Peninsula and adjacent Pakri Islands, Pakri islands in the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea. It is the administrative centre of the Lääne- ...
railway was finished in 1870, with the intent to utilize the ice-free port of Baltiiski to transport goods to St. Petersburg. Due to this, a passenger station, a depot, a water tower, a fire station, a naval school, and warehouses were built. By around 1914, the town had reached around 1300 inhabitants.
On 22 June 1912, Russian emperor
Nicholas II and German kaiser
Wilhelm II
Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert; 27 January 18594 June 1941) was the last German Emperor and King of Prussia from 1888 until Abdication of Wilhelm II, his abdication in 1918, which marked the end of the German Empire as well as th ...
met in Baltiiski for the last time before going to war with each other two years later, as part of
World War I
World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
.
Only one Russian warship was destroyed in the bay as part of the war. During one shelling by the Germans, 20 houses were destroyed and 10 people died. Germans also tried to bomb the town from a zeppelin but failed. Near the end of the war, Russia started building fortifications around the town and established artillery batteries at the tip of the peninsula. After the war, Russian and German prisoners of war were exchanged through the port.
Interwar period
As
Estonia
Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Ru ...
became independent in 1918, the importance of Baltiiski Port significantly decreased, with the main economic activities now being fishing and fish processing. In the 1930s, marble from
Vasalemma began to be transported to
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
through the port. On 19 June 1933, the official name of the town became Paldiski. Before that, Baltiski and Paldiski were used in parallel.
In 1939, the
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
built a naval base in Paldiski, under the
Bases Treaty it forced on Estonia. In 1940, the whole population of Paldiski and the Pakri Islands were forcibly relocated and replaced by Soviet military personnel. Under the soviets, the settlement became a
closed town
A closed city or town is a settlement where travel or residency restrictions are applied.
Historically, the construction of closed cities became increasingly common after the beginning of the Cold War, particularly in the Soviet Union. Since t ...
and stayed that way until the early 1990s.
Soviet era
Soviet naval base headquarters was located in Paldiski. During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, Germans occupied town on 28 August 1941 and left in 1944. During the retreat, most of the town was burnt down, and only 20 buildings survived. In 1962, Paldiski became a
nuclear submarine
A nuclear submarine is a submarine powered by a nuclear reactor, but not necessarily nuclear-armed.
Nuclear submarines have considerable performance advantages over "conventional" (typically diesel-electric) submarines. Nuclear propulsion ...
training centre for the
Soviet Navy
The Soviet Navy was the naval warfare Military, uniform service branch of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet, the Soviet Navy made up a large part of the Soviet Union's strategic planning in the event of a conflict with t ...
. The training center had an entire nuclear submarine constructed by complete sections for naval personnel training purposes. The training center, known by locals as the Pentagon, was demolished largely by 2007 Employing some 16,000 people, and with two land-based
nuclear reactor
A nuclear reactor is a device used to initiate and control a Nuclear fission, fission nuclear chain reaction. They are used for Nuclear power, commercial electricity, nuclear marine propulsion, marine propulsion, Weapons-grade plutonium, weapons ...
s (at 70 MW and 90 MW power, respectively), it was the largest such facility in the
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
. In total Soviet navy used the facilities for 27 years. Because of its importance, the whole city was
closed off with barbed wire until the Russian military base was finally closed on 31 August 1994. The Paldiski nuclear centre was handed by Russians to Estonian authorities on 30 September 1995.
This followed the events of 1991, when the
Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
collapsed and Estonia regained independence. To house the stationing troops and those in training, many barracks buildings were built, which have since been left in disrepair. Russia relinquished control of reactor facilities in September 1995; the nuclear reactors were shut down in 1989, first on temporary basis because of
Chernobyl accident and due to the
collapse of Soviet union, it became permanent, and nuclear material was transported back to Russia in 1994. The reactors were thereafter decommissioned. The reactors were protected with sarcophagus, finished by 2006, in Paldiski as they were potentially dangerous due to the radioactivity.
Incidents, when Paldiski was a Soviet
closed military townlet, did happen rarely and if something happened, it was classified. At the time
Jüri Liim, first member of Supreme council and later expert of
Estonian Ministry of Defense and Estonian government special representative in Paldiski,
had an undercover and secret access to the closed city. As per his testimony, the
Pakri Islands just next to Paldiski were the practice bombing targets for Soviet air force, including the soviet nuclear bombers. There was no actual
nuclear bombs used but bombs that were in similar weight and size category. Sometimes when the real combat bombs were used, the small earthquakes created from it could be felt in Paldiski and at the nuclear reactors.
The personnel working at the site were concerned about potential cracks or other issues with the reactor due to this shaking. When approaching the Pakri Islands or leaving from the target, the flight routes were often over Paldiski and this led to few incidents. Once a live bomb fell by accident to the local kindergartens cabbage field. Fortunately the bomb malfunctioned and caused no damage. On another occasion, a bomb fell by accident 15 meters from the working nuclear reactors. This bomb also malfunctioned and did not explode.
After Estonia regaining independence
After Estonia restored its independence, the city had few Estonian citizens, and Paldiski was subordinated to
Keila until 30 October 1996. Located some 45 km west of
Tallinn
Tallinn is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Estonia, most populous city of Estonia. Situated on a Tallinn Bay, bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea, it has a population of (as of 2025) and ...
, Paldiski was then made a
municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality' ...
within
Harju County
Harju County ( or ''Harjumaa''), is one of the fifteen counties of Estonia. It is situated in northern Estonia, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, and borders Lääne-Viru County to the east, Järva County to the southeast, Rapla Count ...
. Derelict Soviet-style apartment buildings made up much of the town, and the relics of military bases were widespread. A significant portion of the town's residents are ethnic Russians, originally from other parts of Soviet Union and were relocated to
Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic by
Soviet policy. The
ferry
A ferry is a boat or ship that transports passengers, and occasionally vehicles and cargo, across a body of water. A small passenger ferry with multiple stops, like those in Venice, Italy, is sometimes referred to as a water taxi or water bus ...
company
Tallink operates a regular connection with
Kapellskär in
Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...
. Danish ferry operator DFDS is also operates a regular connection on the same route.
Operation «Ämblik» (Spider) was conducted in Paldiski on 16 March 1993 by 33
Estonian police officers and 40
border guards to establish law in the area, including in the
Russian military base
A military base is a facility directly owned and operated by or for the military or one of its branches that shelters military equipment and personnel, and facilitates training and operations. A military base always provides accommodations for ...
. At the time in Paldiski, there was about 1,500 members of the
Russian armed forces
The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, commonly referred to as the Russian Armed Forces, are the military of Russia. They are organized into three service branches—the Russian Ground Forces, Ground Forces, Russian Navy, Navy, and Russi ...
. The aim of the police operation was to contain illegal activities including weapons trade and to restrict the activities of thugs in Paldiski, who behaved like they ran the town. For example, on 9 March 1993, several Russian armed forces officers were detained by Estonian authorities in Tallinn due to an attempt to sell firearms. This operation was not agreed to with the Russian government beforehand and preparations were kept in secrecy. Confusion in Paldiski among Russian military personnel helped to achieve the goals of the operation.
The operation had a shock effect on the criminal element as per Jüri Liim.
On 21 April 1993, there were half a dozen Estonian police officers and Estonian border service personnel.
Today

The amenities in Paldiski include three grocery stores, a pizza place, a tavern, and a café.
The housing blocks in the town do not all appear dilapidated and abandoned, and several have been refitted and re-painted in recent years. There are also several new apartment buildings, and the green areas along with children's parks have been restored.
The
Logistics Battalion of the Estonian Defense Forces is stationed in Paldiski.
The Pakri Science and Industrial Park with its 60 hectare Pakri Smart Industrial City lies within the limits of the city.
Politics
On 20 July 1718,
Peter the Great
Peter I (, ;
– ), better known as Peter the Great, was the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, Tsar of all Russia from 1682 and the first Emperor of Russia, Emperor of all Russia from 1721 until his death in 1725. He reigned j ...
of Russia ceremoniously initiated the construction of the
breakwater between
Väike-Pakri island and the mainland, which was never fully completed. Nowadays, Paldiski commemorates this event by celebrating its birthday on July 20th.
Paldiski received town rights on 3 July 1783.
File:Flag of Paldiski.svg, The flag of Paldiski between September 27, 1994, and October 24, 2017
File:Paldiski coatofarms.png, The coat of arms of Paldiski between December 1, 1994, and October 24, 2017
Demographics
Climate
Education and community
Paldiski has two schools: Paldiski Gümnaasium and Vene Gümnaasium (Russian Gymnasium).
In addition, there is a private pre-school facility, called Paladski Beebi Maja.
There are several churches in town. The
Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church is dedicated to St Nicholas. Although closed for some years, this church has now reopened, with services held every Sunday at lunchtime. There are also a Pentecostal church, a Methodist church, and an Orthodox church.
Transport
Paldiski is served by
Paldiski railway station, a
terminus station on the
Elron rail line between Tallinn and Paldiski, providing a convenient link to the capital city.
As part of the town's redevelopment, this once near-derelict station has been renovated and painted in bright yellow and white colours.
A great deal of investment has been put into the two ports and their facilities with a number of new berths having been created. From Paldiski Southern Port, Transfennica runs a number of ships to the port from
Hanko (Finland) and
Lübeck
Lübeck (; or ; Latin: ), officially the Hanseatic League, Hanseatic City of Lübeck (), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 220,000 inhabitants, it is the second-largest city on the German Baltic Sea, Baltic coast and the second-larg ...
(Germany). From Paldiski Northern Port, DFDS runs a six-roundtrip operation to
Kapellskär (Sweden) for passengers, and a Cargo and Navirail operation to and from
Hanko (Finland).
The old Soviet 'Pentagon' building has been demolished at some point between 2006 and 2009 to make way for a large and modern logistics park.
Energy
The Pakri
wind farm
A wind farm, also called a wind park or wind power plant, is a group of wind turbines in the same location used to produce electricity. Wind farms vary in size from a small number of turbines to several hundred wind turbines covering an exten ...
is located in Paldiski at the tip of the Pakri peninsula near the old
lighthouse
A lighthouse is a tower, building, or other type of physical structure designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lens (optics), lenses and to serve as a beacon for navigational aid for maritime pilots at sea or on inland waterways.
Ligh ...
. It consists of eight wind turbines of type Nordex N-90, and generates 18.4 MW of clean electricity, when the wind matches the parameters of the turbines.
Since 2007 Pakri Smart Industrial City is developing a 75MW renewable power network, combined with its own Pakri Smart Grid.
A 550 MW / 6 GWh (12-hour)
pumped-storage hydroelectricity
Pumped-storage hydroelectricity (PSH), or pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHES), is a type of hydroelectric energy storage used by electric power systems for load balancing (electrical power), load balancing.
A PSH system stores energy i ...
plant is scheduled for 2028.
The
Balticconnector bi-directional natural gas pipeline between
Ingå, Finland and Paldiski has operated since 2020. Construction of a receiving
LNG terminal near the town is considered.
Estonia's
long-term plans for nuclear power envisage the adjacent
Pakri Islands as a potential site for the country's first power plant.
In popular culture
Most of the action in the 1999 film ''
Screwed in Tallinn'' is set in, and large parts of the 2002 film ''
Lilya 4-ever'' were filmed in, Paldiski.
The 2015 music video for
Alan Walker's song "Faded" was in part filmed in or around Paldiski.
Paldiski is featured in the video games ''
Euro Truck Simulator 2'' and ''
Girls' Frontline''.
The town and port feature prominently in
Arthur Ransome's yacht cruising memoir ''
Racundra's First Cruise''.
Notable people
*
Amandus Adamson (1855–1929), Estonian sculptor and painter; lived and worked in Paldiski
*
Balder Tomasberg (1897–1919), Estonian painter
*
Viire Valdma (born 1960), Estonian actress
*
Salawat Yulayev (1754–1800), Bashkir national hero
Gallery
File:Pakri aerial.jpg, In this photo Paldiski can be seen located on the Pakri Peninsula.
File:Ulica w Paldiski.JPG, Street in Paldiski
File:Paldiski Lighthouse edit.jpg, Pakri Lighthouse
File:Православная церковь Палдиски.jpg, St Sergius Orthodox Church
File:Лютеранская церковь Палдиски.jpg, St. Nicholas Lutheran Church
File:Таможня Палдиски.jpg, Previously, the custom of Peter the Great (now café)
File:Скалистый берег Палдиски.jpg, Rocky shore near the town
File:Улица Тууле Палдиски.jpg, Tuule Street
File:Paldiski Northern Port, 2010-11.jpg, Northern Port
References
External links
{{Authority control
Cities and towns in Estonia
Former municipalities of Estonia
Lääne-Harju Parish
Populated places in Harju County
Populated coastal places in Estonia
Port cities and towns of the Baltic Sea
Russian and Soviet Navy bases
Planned communities
Russian and Soviet Navy submarine bases
Kreis Harrien
Port cities and towns in Estonia