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Asipovichy (; ) is a town in Mogilev Region,
Belarus Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Belarus spans an a ...
. It serves as the administrative center of Asipovichy District. It is located southwest of
Mogilev Mogilev (; , ), also transliterated as Mahilyow (, ), is a city in eastern Belarus. It is located on the Dnieper, Dnieper River, about from the Belarus–Russia border, border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and from Bryansk Oblast. As of 2024, ...
, south of the
Minsk Minsk (, ; , ) is the capital and largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach (Berezina), Svislach and the now subterranean Nyamiha, Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administra ...
-
Gomel Gomel (, ) or Homyel (, ) is a city in south-eastern Belarus. It serves as the administrative centre of Gomel Region and Gomel District, though it is administratively separated from the district. As of 2025, it is the List of cities and largest ...
expressway. It is located at the junction of railway lines between
Minsk Minsk (, ; , ) is the capital and largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach (Berezina), Svislach and the now subterranean Nyamiha, Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administra ...
,
Gomel Gomel (, ) or Homyel (, ) is a city in south-eastern Belarus. It serves as the administrative centre of Gomel Region and Gomel District, though it is administratively separated from the district. As of 2025, it is the List of cities and largest ...
,
Mogilev Mogilev (; , ), also transliterated as Mahilyow (, ), is a city in eastern Belarus. It is located on the Dnieper, Dnieper River, about from the Belarus–Russia border, border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and from Bryansk Oblast. As of 2024, ...
, and
Baranavichy Baranavichy or Baranovichi is a city in the Brest Region of western Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Baranavichy District, though it is administratively separated from the district. As of 2025, it has a population of 170,817. ...
. In 2020, its population was 29,900. As of 2024, it has a population of 29,103. The active industries of Asipovichy include machine building, building materials, food production, and light and
wood processing Wood processing is an engineering discipline in the wood industry comprising the production of forest products, such as pulp and paper, construction materials, and tall oil. Paper engineering is a subfield of wood processing. The major wo ...
. It is home to the hydro-electric
power plant A power station, also referred to as a power plant and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the electricity generation, generation of electric power. Power stations are generally connected to an electr ...
on the Svislach River.


History

A village existed on the site of the modern town during the 18th century, which in 1787 had seventeen dwellings as part of the Protasevichi
folwark ''Folwark'' is a Polish word derived from the German ''Vorwerk''. A Folwark or Vorwerk is an agricultural estate or a separate branch operation of such an estate, historically a serfdom-based farm and agricultural enterprise (a type of latif ...
owned by Dominik Hieronim Radzivil in the
Grand Duchy of Lithuania The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 Partitions of Poland, ...
. After the
Second Partition of Poland The 1793 Second Partition of Poland was the second of partitions of Poland, three partitions (or partial annexations) that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The second partition (politics), partition occurred i ...
the village came under control of the
Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...
. According to an inventory in 1805, there were 22 dwellings and 146 inhabitants in the village, and then 26 dwellings in 1834. In addition to agriculture and animal husbandry, the villagers were engaged in weaving, fishing, and woodworking. A sawmill and flour mill were founded in 1885. Meanwhile, a railway station on the
Libau–Romny Railway Libau–Romny Railway was a railway company that built a railway line in the Russian Empire in 1871–74 to connect Romny in Ukraine with the port in Libau (Liepāja) in present-day Latvia. To do so it passed through Minsk. The objective of th ...
was founded in forest two kilometers from the village in 1872. The railway contributed to the expansion of the forestry industry and the development of crafts in the area. During the late 1880s and first half of the 1890s, two sawmills, a mill, several houses, a post office, and an inn were built. The narrow-gauge Asapovichy-Darahanava railway was laid down in 1896. The Russian Empire 1897 census recorded 449 inhabitants in the village and 99 in the settlement that developed around the station; the region was part of the
Bobruysky Uyezd Bobruysky Uyezd (; ) was one of the counties of Minsk Governorate and the Governorate-General of Minsk of the Russian Empire and then of Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic with its center in Bobruisk from 1793 until its formal abolition in 1 ...
. A railway sleeper plant was founded in 1900 and in the early 20th century the village turned into an urban settlement with a bakery, workshops for the manufacture and repair of sled wheels and agricultural implements. There were more than 1,000 inhabitants in 1904, and in the
1905 Russian Revolution The Russian Revolution of 1905, also known as the First Russian Revolution, was a revolution in the Russian Empire which began on 22 January 1905 and led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under the Russian Constitution of 1906, th ...
there was a worker's demonstration on 17 September 1905. The Asapovichy-Darahanava railway was extended to
Uručča Uručča, (also referred to as Uruchcha or Uruch'ye) (, ; translation into English language, English: ''Brookside'') is a microdistrict in the north-eastern part of Minsk. It was founded on the place of former Uručča village in the early 19 ...
between 1905 and 1907, and the town turned into a rail junction from which more than a million
poods ''Pood'' ( rus, пуд, r=pud, p=put, plural: or ) is a unit of mass equal to 40 ''funt'' (, Russian pound). Since 1899 it is set to approximately 16.38 kilograms (36.11 pounds). It was used in Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. ''Pood'' was first ...
of forestry products were shipped annually. There were two schools, a steam mill was built in 1908, a tar factory founded in 1909, and communication was established with
Minsk Minsk (, ; , ) is the capital and largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach (Berezina), Svislach and the now subterranean Nyamiha, Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administra ...
and
Mogilev Mogilev (; , ), also transliterated as Mahilyow (, ), is a city in eastern Belarus. It is located on the Dnieper, Dnieper River, about from the Belarus–Russia border, border with Russia's Smolensk Oblast and from Bryansk Oblast. As of 2024, ...
. A locomotive depot opened in 1913 and the railway was extended to Slutsk in 1915 during
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
and converted to broad gauge. Soldiers of the town garrison rioted during August and September 1915. By 1917 there were 601 inhabitants in the village and 4,178 at the station, which became a town. After the
October Revolution The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Historiography in the Soviet Union, Soviet historiography), October coup, Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was the second of Russian Revolution, two r ...
, a
Red Guard The Red Guards () were a mass, student-led, paramilitary social movement mobilized by Chairman Mao Zedong in 1966 until their abolition in 1968, during the first phase of the Cultural Revolution, which he had instituted.Teiwes According to a ...
detachment of 1,000 men was formed, which in January and February 1918 took part in the defeat of
Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki (Iosif Romanovich while in the Russian military; sometimes also Dowbór-Muśnicki; ; 25 October 1867 – 26 October 1937) was a Polish general, serving with the Imperial Russian and then Polish armies. He was also the m ...
's Polish troops. The town was occupied by German troops between 19 February and November 1918, and by Polish troops between August 1919 and July 1920. Red partisan detachments occupied in the vicinity during 1919 and 1920. A pharmacy was opened in 1921 and telegraph restored, two schools, a railway club were opened, and a library followed the next year. Asipovichy became the ''
volost Volost (; ; ) was a traditional administrative subdivision in Kievan Rus', the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and the Russian Empire. History The '' Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary'' (1890–1907) states that the origins of the concept is unc ...
'' center in January 1922. A power plant was put into operation in 1922 and the Red Chemist tar factory the next year. The People's House and Hospital was opened in 1924, and two clinics in 1925. The locomotive depot, sawmills, mill, and crafts workshops were restored, and a beekeeping cooperative was founded in 1925. A weather station was founded in 1926, and radio came to the town in 1925. By 1926 there were 3,504 inhabitants in the urban settlement, 616 in the village, and 141 at the station. During
collectivization Collective farming and communal farming are various types of "agricultural production in which multiple farmers run their holdings as a joint enterprise". There are two broad types of communal farms: agricultural cooperatives, in which member- ...
a
machine tractor station The machine tractor station (MTS) (, , МТС) was a state enterprise for ownership and maintenance of agricultural machinery that were used in kolkhozy (collective farms operated by the government). Each MTS was responsible for around 40 kolkho ...
was established in 1931 and an agricultural machinery repair workshop followed in 1932. From Asapovichy, a district newspaper began publishing and the Red Lumberjack newspaper targeted at loggers was published in 1934. Asapovichy received city status on 15 July 1935, and a secondary school, maternity hospital, and public bathhouse were built. In 1940 the town had grown to 14,000 inhabitants. The town came under German occupation during
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
on 30 June 1941.
Soviet partisans Soviet partisans were members of Resistance during World War II, resistance movements that fought a Guerrilla warfare, guerrilla war against Axis powers, Axis forces during World War II in the Soviet Union, the previously Territories of Poland an ...
were active in the region during the war, undertaking sabotage against the railway junction and burning down the creamery. The town was liberated by the
Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...
and local partisans on 30 June 1944. In early 1944, the town was transferred to the administration of Bobruysk Region, reverting back to the Mogilev Region in 1954. Soon after liberation, the town was rebuilt – the forestry enterprise, mill, creamery and the
artel An artel () was any of several types of cooperative associations of workers in pre-revolutionary Russia. In the Soviet Union, the term was applied to enterprises in the Soviet Union, production cooperatives. They began centuries ago but were espe ...
s Red Chemist, Progress, and Social Work were restored, telephone and telegraph services resumed. The radio station began broadcasting and the depot and railway station were rebuilt. During the postwar years, enterprises were reconstructed and expanded and new ones established. A
reservoir A reservoir (; ) is an enlarged lake behind a dam, usually built to water storage, store fresh water, often doubling for hydroelectric power generation. Reservoirs are created by controlling a watercourse that drains an existing body of wa ...
and associated hydroelectric power station were built near the town in 1953. Its population had grown to 15,777 by 1959. Industry in the town expanded significantly by 1990 with a roofing plant, reinforced concrete, industrial plant, forest products, automobile assembly, bread products, household services, creamery, stationery, and concentrates factories. In 2006, there were enterprises of mechanical engineering and metalworking, construction materials, and the food industry. There was a professional lyceum, a Belarusian gymnasium school, four secondary schools, a special boarding school, a children's and youth sports and music school, an art school, 12 children's preschools, and a center for correctional and developmental training and rehabilitation. There was a district Cultural Center, 5 libraries, a center for children and youth, a club for children and youth tourism and local lore, a district center of folk crafts, 2 hospitals, a clinic and pharmacies, and district service centers. The city has 2 hotels, 2 public houses, a factory of consumer services, 2 points of collective use, a computer club, driving schools and DTSAAF clubs, stadiums, gyms and sports complex grounds, restaurants, cafes, the city market, 5 post offices and others. Attractions include the Asipovichy Museum of History and Local Lore, Mass graves of Soviet soldiers and guerrillas who died in the Great Patriotic War, graves of victims of fascism. Liberation Monument, and the Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross.


Military

The Yuzhny (South) military base is located on the southeastern outskirts of the town on ''ulitsa Rabochye-Krestyanskaya'' (street). The base is home to the 51st Guards Artillery Brigade, 336th Rocket Artillery Brigade, and the 465th Missile Brigade. In 2017 the 51st Guards Artillery Brigade marked 25 years located in the town. A now-closed military base known as Severny (North) was also located on the northern outskirts.


Demographics


References


Bibliography

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External links


The murder of the Jews of Asipovichy
during
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, at
Yad Vashem Yad Vashem (; ) is Israel's official memorial institution to the victims of Holocaust, the Holocaust known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (). It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the Jews who were murdered; echoing the stories of the ...
website. {{Authority control Populated places in Belarus Populated places in Mogilev region Asipovichy district Holocaust locations in Belarus