AN/SPS-6 is a two-dimensional

radar Radar is a system that uses radio waves to determine the distance ('' ranging''), direction ( azimuth and elevation angles), and radial velocity of objects relative to the site. It is a radiodetermination method used to detect and track ...

manufactured by

Bendix Bendix may refer to: People First name * Bendix Hallenstein (1835–1905), New Zealand businessman Middle name * Kim Bendix Petersen (born 1956), Danish singer known by the stage name King Diamond Last name * John E. Bendix (1835–1905), Ame ...

and

Westinghouse Electric The Westinghouse Electric Corporation was an American manufacturing company founded in 1886 by George Westinghouse and headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was originally named "Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company" and was ...

. It was used by the

US Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare, maritime military branch, service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest Displacement (ship), displacement, at 4.5 millio ...

as a first-generation air-search radar after

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, and was widely exported to allies. In addition, the improved AN/SPS-12 is the derivative types developed in other countries. In accordance with the

Joint Electronics Type Designation System The Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), which was previously known as the Joint Army-Navy Nomenclature System (AN System. JAN) and the Joint Communications-Electronics Nomenclature System, is a method developed by the U.S. War Depa ...

(JETDS), the "''AN/SPS-6''" designation represents the 6th design of an Army-Navy

electronic device Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design, create, and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other electrically charged particles. It is a subfield of physics and ...

for

surface ship Surface combatants (or surface ships or surface vessels) are a subset of naval warships which are designed for warfare on the surface of the water, with their own weapons and armed forces. They are generally ships built to fight other ships, subma ...

search radar system. The JETDS system also now is used to name all

Department of Defense The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD, or DOD) is an executive department of the U.S. federal government charged with coordinating and supervising the six U.S. armed services: the Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, Space Force, ...

electronic systems.

AN/SPS-6

This machine was developed as a successor to the SR-3 or SR-6 radar, which is an

L Band The L band is the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) designation for the range of frequencies in the radio spectrum from 1 to 2 gigahertz (GHz). This is at the top end of the ultra high frequency (UHF) band, at the lower en ...

air search radar Radar is a system that uses radio waves to determine the distance (''ranging''), direction (azimuth and elevation angles), and radial velocity of objects relative to the site. It is a radiodetermination method used to detect and track aircraft ...

that has been used in the past. The development is said to have been influenced by AN/TPS-1, which was a portable air radar for the ground. As the antenna, a parabolic antenna that uses a horn antenna as the primary radiation source is adopted. In addition, the modular design allows the configuration to be expanded or contracted according to the ship on which it is mounted. Initially, the following three models existed.

AN/SPS-6

The antenna dimensions were 18 ft (5,500 mm) x 5 ft (1,500 mm), the beamwidth was 3 ° x 10 °, and it could be detected at 80 nmi (150 km) for the fighter.

AN/SPS-6A

The antenna size was similar to -6, but the beamwidth was 3 ° x 20 ° and a fighter could be detected at 70 nmi (130 km). HMCS Haida Hamilton Ontario 7

AN/SPS-6B

The beam width is 3 ° x 30 °, 60 nmi (110 km) for fighter aircraft (about one-third for FH-1), and for

B-29 The Boeing B-29 Superfortress is a retired American four-engined Propeller (aeronautics), propeller-driven heavy bomber, designed by Boeing and flown primarily by the United States during World War II and the Korean War. Named in allusion to ...

at an altitude of 31,000 ft (9,400 m). It was detected at 145 nmi (269 km). The prototype was handed over to the Navy in 1948, and in September of the same year, began testing. In December, it was installed on , , and . The mass-produced AN / SPS-6A / B began delivery in sequence from 1950 to 1952, including

radar picket ship A radar picket is a radar-equipped station, ship, submarine, aircraft, or vehicle used to increase the radar detection range around a nation or military (including naval) force to protect it from surprise attack, typically air attack, or from c ...

s, ''Essex''-class aircraft carriers with (

SCB-27 SCB-27 (also known as "Two Seven-Alpha" or "Two Seven-Charlie") was the United States Navy designation for a series of upgrades to the s (both the short-hull and long-hull ''Ticonderoga'' versions), conducted between 1947 and 1955. These upgrades ...

A), and ''Independence''-class aircraft carriers. It was installed in the anti-submarine aircraft carrier with ( SCB-54). However, when 25 sets of AN/SPS-6, 45 sets of AN/SPS-6A, and 110 sets of AN/SPS-6B were produced, the production shifted to the improved AN/SPS-6C to AN/SPS-6C-E.

AN/SPS-6C

More AN/SPS-6C-E were produced. The AN/SPS-6C is similar to the AN/SPS-6B, but with a lighter antenna, 800 lb (360 kg) compared to the conventional 1,000 lb (450 kg). On the other hand, for this reason, the shock resistance is low and the rotation speed is also reduced.

AN/SPS-6D

The AN/SPS-6D is based on the AN/SPS-6C and omits the IFF, and the final model.

AN/SPS-6E

The AN/SPS-6E, uses a more improved transmitter.

On board ships

United States Navy

* * Saipan-class aircraft carrier *

Independence-class aircraft carrier The ''Independence''-class aircraft carriers were a class of Light aircraft carrier, light carriers built for the United States Navy that served during World War II. Development Adapted from the design for the light cruisers, this class ...

Iowa-class battleship The ''Iowa'' class was a ship class, class of six fast battleships ordered by the United States Navy in 1939 and 1940. They were initially intended to intercept fast capital ships such as the Imperial Japanese Navy, Japanese battlecruiser and s ...

* Worcester-class cruiser *

Des Moines-class cruiser The ''Des Moines''-class cruisers were a trio of U.S. Navy (USN) heavy cruisers commissioned in 1948 and 1949. Largely based on the earlier heavy cruisers, the ''Des Moines''-class featured improved torpedo protection and heavier anti-aircraf ...

* Porter-class destroyer *

Fletcher-class destroyer The ''Fletcher'' class was a class of destroyers built by the United States during World War II. The class was designed in 1939, as a result of dissatisfaction with the earlier destroyer leader types of the and classes. Some went on to serve ...

* Allen M. Sumner-class destroyer *

Gearing-class destroyer The ''Gearing'' class was a series of 98 destroyers built for the U.S. Navy during and shortly after World War II. The ''Gearing'' design was a minor modification of the , whereby the hull was lengthened by at amidships, which resulted in mor ...

Mitscher-class destroyer The ''Mitscher''-class destroyer was an experimental destroyer class of four ships that were built for the United States Navy shortly after World War II. Considerably larger than all previous destroyers, but smaller than their immediate predece ...

* Dealey-class destroyer escort * Claud Jones-class destroyer escort * * Suribachi-class ammunition ship

Maritime Self-Defense Force

* Harukaze-class destroyer

Italian Navy

* San Giorgio-class destroyer *

Impetuoso-class destroyer The ''Impetuoso'' class were the first post-World War II destroyers built for the Italian Navy. The two ships were ordered in February 1950, entered service in 1958 and were retired in the early 1980s. Design The ''Impetuoso'' class hull desig ...

Centauro-class frigate The ''Centauro'' class consisted of four frigates built for the Italian Navy during the 1950s. They entered service in 1957, with the last one being stricken in 1985. Design and description The ''Centauro''-class ships measured long overall, w ...

Royal Canadian Navy

* Tribal-class destroyer

Portugal

* Admiral Pereira da Silva-class frigate

AN/SPS-12

AN/SPS-12 is a completely improved version based on SPS-6C. The antenna measures 17 ft (5.2 m) x 6 ft (1.8 m), weighs 550 lb (250 kg), and has a PRF of 300 to 600 pps. The radar coverage was similar to the AN/SPS-6B. In addition, it could be operated in an environment with a wind speed of up to 70 kn (36 m / s). The first unit was handed over in September 1953. Later, a new and powerful transmitter (12 MW) could be introduced, which could deliver a detection range of 90 nmi (170 km) and up to 200 nmi (370 km) for jet aircraft. As an improved version, the AN/SPS-12B was developed once, but its introduction was discontinued, and then the AN/SPS-12C, which introduced an RCA

parametric amplifier A parametric oscillator is a driven harmonic oscillator in which the oscillations are driven by varying some parameters of the system at some frequencies, typically different from the natural frequency of the oscillator. A simple example of a p ...

in the transmitter and receiver, was deployed. The AN/SPS-12 series was produced in 139 sets in the United States and licensed in Italy. It is also a derivative base along with AN/SPS-6. USS Watchman AGR-16 entering San Francisco Bay

USS Watchman AGR-16 entering San Francisco Bay

The successor, AN/SPS-28 (a miniaturized version of AN / SPS-17), began deployment in 1957, but was soon replaced by the better AN/SPS-29. All of these used the same UHF band (

B Band The NATO B band is the obsolete designation given to the radio frequencies from 250 to 500 MHz (equivalent to wavelength In physics and mathematics, wavelength or spatial period of a wave or periodic function is the distance over which the w ...

) as CXAM during the war.

On board ships

United States Navy

* Boston-class cruiser *

* Guardian-class radar picket ship

Italian Navy

* Andrea Doria-class cruiser * Impavido-class destroyer * Alpino-class frigate *

Bergamini-class frigate The ''Bergamini'' class was a class of four frigates operated by the Italian Navy. They entered service in 1961, with the last one being stricken in 1988. Design A new class of four corvettes officially designated ''Corvette Veloci Tipo 2'' - (Ty ...

Royal Canadian Navy

* HMCS Bonaventure * St. Laurent-class destroyer * Restigouche-class destroyer * Mackenzie-class destroyer *

Annapolis-class destroyer The ''Annapolis''-class destroyer escort was a two-ship Ship class, class of destroyer escorts that saw service with the Royal Canadian Navy and Canadian Forces from the 1960s to the 1990s. The final version of the design,Gardiner and Chumbley, ...

Maritime Self-Defense Force

* JDS Wakaba *

Ayanami-class destroyer The ''Ayanami'' class was a destroyer class built for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) in the late 1950s. The primary purpose was anti-submarine warfare, so this class was classified as "DDK" (hunter-killer anti-submarine destroyer) ...

* Ariake-class destroyer

OPS-1 / OPS-2

In the early 1950s, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force obtained AN/SPS-6 under the Military Assistance Plan (MAP) based on the MSA Agreement for installation on the ''Harukaze''-class destroyer, and domestically produced it based on this. The OPS-1 was developed and installed in the first ''Akizuki''-class destroyer. In addition, the ''Ayanami''-class destroyer was equipped with AN/SPS-12, and this technology was backfitted to the OPS-1. Later, the OPS-2, which had the same transmitter and receiver and a smaller antenna, was also developed for installation on the ''Isuzu''-class destroyer. The maximum detection distance when targeting PV-2 was 50 nautical miles (93 km) for OPS-2. In the ships built from between 1958 and 1960, the OPS-1 was mounted on

destroyer In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast, maneuverable, long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy, or carrier battle group and defend them against a wide range of general threats. They were conceived i ...

s and the OPS-2 was mounted on

destroyer escort Destroyer escort (DE) was the United States Navy mid-20th-century classification for a warship designed with the endurance necessary to escort mid-ocean convoys of merchant marine ships. Development of the destroyer escort was promoted by th ...

s. Ships after 1962 and 1966 are now equipped with the B Band

OPS-11 OPS-11 is a two-dimensional radar manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric. It is installed as an anti-aircraft search radar on the Maritime Self-Defense Force's escort ship, and it was the first model originally developed by Japan after World War II f ...

. However, after that,

OPS-14 OPS-14 is a two-dimensional radar manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric. It is mainly mounted on the Maritime Self-Defense Force's self-defense ship as an anti-aircraft search radar. Variations include OPS-14B and OPS-14C. The model numbers of the M ...

was developed based on OPS-1 and OPS-2.

OPS-1

* Murasame-class destroyer * Akizuki-class destroyer

OPS-2

Ikazuchi-class destroyer escort The was a destroyer escort (or frigate) class built for the :ja:海上警備隊, Coastal Safety Force (later Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, JMSDF) in the late 1950s. In the FY1953, the Government of Japan, Japanese government ordered three d ...

* Isuzu-class destroyer escort * Kitakami-class destroyer escort

SPS-501

It was developed in

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...

by combining the AN/SPS-12 transmitter with the LW-03 antenna manufactured by Signar of the

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

. In 1967, it was commissioned on board HMCS Bonaventure of the Navy. It was also installed on Iroquois-class destroyers until the TRUMP was refurbished from the late 1980s to the 1990s.

Gallery

File:JS Harukaze (DD-101).png, AN/SPS-6 aboard JDS Harukaze File:Italian destroyer Impavido (D570) underway in the Mediterranean Sea on 19 May 1983 (6474637).jpg, AN/SPS-12 aboard Impavido File:OPS-2 radar on board DE-214.jpg, OPS-2 aboard JDS Tokachi

References

Bibliography

Norman Friedman Norman Friedman (born 1946) is an American author, analyst, strategist, and historian. He has written over 30 books and numerous articles on naval and other military matters, has worked for the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, and has appeared on tel ...

(2006).
The Naval Institute Guide to World Naval Weapon Systems
'.

Naval Institute Press The United States Naval Institute (USNI) is a private non-profit military association that offers independent, nonpartisan forums for debate of national security issues. In addition to publishing magazines and books, the Naval Institute holds se ...

ISBN The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier that is intended to be unique. Publishers purchase or receive ISBNs from an affiliate of the International ISBN Agency. A different ISBN is assigned to e ...

{{ill, 9781557502629, ja, 特別:文献資料/9781557502629, vertical-align=sup * ''Self-Defense Force Equipment Yearbook 2006-2007''. Asaun News Agency. ISBN 4-7509-1027-9 Naval radars Military radars of Japan Military radars of the United States Military equipment introduced from 1945 to 1949 Bendix Corporation Military electronics of the United States

AN/SPS-6

AN/SPS-6

AN/SPS-6A

AN/SPS-6B

AN/SPS-6C

AN/SPS-6D

AN/SPS-6E

On board ships

United States Navy

Maritime Self-Defense Force

Italian Navy

Royal Canadian Navy

Portugal

AN/SPS-12

On board ships

United States Navy

Italian Navy

Royal Canadian Navy

Maritime Self-Defense Force

OPS-1 / OPS-2

OPS-1

OPS-2

SPS-501

Gallery

See also

References

Bibliography