Anopheles is a genus of mosquitoes (Culicidae) comprising over 500 recognized species. These mosquitoes are the primary vectors responsible for transmitting malaria to humans. The genus is taxonomically divided into several subgenera, including ''Anopheles'' (206 species), ''Baimaia'' (one species), ''Cellia'' (239 species), ''Kerteszia'' (12 species), ''Lophopodomyia'' (six species), ''Nyssorhynchus'' (34 species), and ''Stethomyia'' (five species). Notably, only about 30 to 40 of these species are commonly involved in malaria transmission.

Classification

The classification of this genus began in 1901 with

Frederick Vincent Theobald Frederick Vincent Theobald FES (15 May 1868 – 6 March 1930) was an English entomologist and "distinguished authority on mosquitoes". During his career, he was responsible for the economic zoology section of the Natural History ...

. Despite the passage of time, the taxonomy remains incompletely settled. Classification into species is based on morphological characteristics - wing spots, head anatomy, larval and pupal anatomy, and chromosome structure, and more recently on DNA sequences. The genus ''

Anopheles ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist Johann Wilhelm Meigen, J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are Disease vector, vectors of the paras ...

'' belongs to a subfamily Anophelinae with three genera: ''Anopheles'' Meigen (nearly worldwide distribution), ''

Bironella Bironella is one of the three mosquito genera in the subfamily Anophelinae. The other two genera are ''Anopheles'', which has a nearly worldwide distribution, and ''Chagasia'', which is found in the Neotropics. Distribution Bironella is predom ...

'' Theobald (

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

only: 11 described species) and ''

Chagasia ''Chagasia'' is one of the three mosquito genera in the subfamily Anophelinae. The other two genera are ''Anopheles'' (nearly worldwide distribution) and '' Bironella'' (Australia only). The genus consists of five species in the Neotropical regi ...

'' Cruz (

Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeog ...

: four described species). The genus ''Bironella'' has been divided into three subgenera: ''

'' Theobald (two species), '' Brugella'' Edwards (three species) and '' Neobironella'' Tenorio (three species). ''Bironella'' appears to be the sister taxon to the ''Anopheles'', with ''Chagasia'' forming the outgroup in this subfamily. The type species of the genus is '' Anopheles maculipennis''.

Subgenera

The genus has been subdivided into seven subgenera based primarily on the number and positions of specialized

setae In biology, setae (; seta ; ) are any of a number of different bristle- or hair-like structures on living organisms. Animal setae Protostomes Depending partly on their form and function, protostome setae may be called macrotrichia, chaetae ...

on the gonocoxites of the

male Male (Planet symbols, symbol: ♂) is the sex of an organism that produces the gamete (sex cell) known as sperm, which fuses with the larger female gamete, or Egg cell, ovum, in the process of fertilisation. A male organism cannot sexual repro ...

genitalia A sex organ, also known as a reproductive organ, is a part of an organism that is involved in sexual reproduction. Sex organs constitute the primary sex characteristics of an organism. Sex organs are responsible for producing and transporting ...

. The system of subgenera originated with the work of Christophers, who in 1915 described three subgenera: ''

'' (widely distributed), ''Myzomyia'' (later renamed '' Cellia'') (

Old World The "Old World" () is a term for Afro-Eurasia coined by Europeans after 1493, when they became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia in the Eastern Hemisphere, previously ...

) and '' Nyssorhynchus'' (

Neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeogra ...

). ''Nyssorhynchus'' was first described as ''Lavernia'' by Theobald.

Frederick Wallace Edwards Frederick Wallace Edwards FRS (28 November 1888 in Fletton, Peterborough – 15 November 1940 in London), was an English entomologist. Edwards was known in the field of entomology for his work on Diptera. Edwards worked in the British Museum ( ...

in 1932 added the subgenus ''

Stethomyia ''Stethomyia'' is a subgenus of the mosquito genus ''Anopheles''. The type species is ''Anopheles nimbus''. There are five species in this subgenus. History This subgenus was described by Frederick Wallace Edwards in 1932. Phylogeny Of the seve ...

'' (Neotropical distribution). ''

Kerteszia The subgenus ''Kerteszia'' are Neotropical Anopheles, anopheline mosquitoes originally described in 1905 by Frederick Vincent Theobald, Frederick V. Theobald as genus ''Kertészia'' with ''Kertészia boliviensis'' as the Type (biology), type spec ...

'' was also described by Edwards in 1932, but then was recognised as a subgrouping of ''Nyssorhynchus''. It was elevated to subgenus status by Komp in 1937; this subgenus is also found in the Neotropics. Two additional subgenera have since been recognised: '' Baimaia'' (Southeast Asia only) by Harbach ''et al.'' in 2005 and '' Lophopodomyia'' (Neotropical) by Antunes in 1937. One species within each subgenus has been identified as the type species of that particular subgenus: *Subgenus ''Anopheles'' - '' Anopheles maculipennis'' Meigen 1918 *Subgenus ''Baimaia'' - ''

Anopheles kyondawensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Abraham 1947 *Subgenus ''Cellia'' - ''

Anopheles pharoensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Giles 1899 *Subgenus ''Kerteszia'' - ''

Anopheles boliviensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Theobald 1905 *Subgenus ''Lophopodomyia'' - ''

Anopheles squamifemur ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Antunes 1937 *Subgenus ''Nyssorhynchus'' - ''

Anopheles argyritarsis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Robineau-Desvoidy 1827 *Subgenus ''Stethomyia'' - ''

Anopheles nimbus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Theobald 1902 Within the genus ''Anopheles'' are two main groupings, one formed by the ''Cellia'' and ''Anopheles'' subgenera and a second by ''Kerteszia'', ''Lophopodomyia'', and ''Nyssorhynchus''. Subgenus ''Stethomyia'' is an outlier with respect to these two taxa. Within the second group, ''Kerteszia'' and ''Nyssorhynchus'' appear to be sister taxa. ''Cellia'' appears to be more closely related to the ''Kerteszia''-''Lophopodomyia''-''Nyssorhynchus'' group than to ''Anopheles'' or ''Stethomyia'', tentatively suggesting the following branching order: ( ''Stethomyia'' ( ''Anopheles'' ( ''Cellia'' ( ''Lophopodomyia'' ( ''Kerteszia'', ''Nyssorhynchus''))))). The number of species currently recognised within the subgenera is given here in parentheses: ''Anopheles'' (206 species), ''Baimaia'' (one), ''Cellia'' (239), ''Kerteszia'' (12), ''Lophopodomyia'' (six), ''Nyssorhynchus'' (34) and ''Stethomyia'' (five). The subgenus ''Baimaia'' may be elevated to genus level, as it appears to be a sister group to ''Bironella'' and all other ''Anopheles''.

Divisions below subgenus

Taxonomic units between subgenus and species are not currently recognised as official zoological names. In practice, a number of taxonomic levels have been introduced. The larger subgenera (''Anopheles'', ''Cellia'', and ''Nyssorhynchus'') have been subdivided into sections and series, which in turn have been divided into groups and subgroups. Below subgroup but above species level is the species complex. Taxonomic levels above species complex can be distinguished on morphological grounds. Species within a species complex are either morphologically identical or extremely similar and can only be reliably separated by microscopic examination of the chromosomes or DNA sequencing. The classification continues to be revised. The first species complex was described in 1926 when the problem of nontransmission of malaria by ''

Anopheles gambiae The ''Anopheles gambiae'' complex consists of at least seven morphologically indistinguishable species of mosquitoes in the genus ''Anopheles''. The complex was recognised in the 1960s and includes the most important vectors of malaria in sub- ...

'' was solved by Falleroni, who recognised that ''An. gambiae'' was a complex of six species, of which only four could transmit malaria. This complex has subsequently been revised to a total of seven species of which five transmit malaria. Subgenus ''Nyssorhynchus'' has been divided in three sections: ''Albimanus'' (19 species), ''Argyritarsis'' (11 species) and ''Myzorhynchella'' (four species). The ''Argyritarsis'' section has been subdivided into ''Albitarsis'' and ''Argyritarsis'' groups. The ''Anopheles'' group was divided by Edwards into four series: ''Anopheles'' (worldwide), ''Myzorhynchus'' (Palearctic, Oriental, Australasian and Afrotropical), ''Cycloleppteron'' (Neotropical) and ''Lophoscelomyia'' (Oriental); and two groups, ''Arribalzagia'' (Neotropical) and ''Christya'' (Afrotropical). Reid and Knight (1961) modified this classification by subdividing the subgenus ''Anopheles'' into two sections, ''Angusticorn'' and ''Laticorn'' and six series. The division was based on the shape of their

pupa A pupa (; : pupae) is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation between immature and mature stages. Insects that go through a pupal stage are holometabolous: they go through four distinct stages in their life cycle, the stages th ...

trumpet The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz musical ensemble, ensembles. The trumpet group ranges from the piccolo trumpet—with the highest Register (music), register in the brass family—to the bass trumpet, pitche ...

s. The ''Laticorn'' section was created for those species with wide, funnel-shaped trumpets having the longest axis transverse to the stem, and the ''Angusticorn'' section for species with semitubular trumpets having the longest axis vertical more or less in line with the stem. The earlier ''Arribalzagia'' and ''Christya'' groups were considered to be series. The ''Angusticorn'' section includes members of the ''Anopheles'', ''Cycloleppteron'', and ''Lophoscelomyia'' series, and the ''Laticorn'' section includes the ''Arribalzagia'' (24 species), ''Christya'', and ''Myzorhynchus'' series. ''Cellia'' is the largest subgenus: all species within this subgenus are found in the Old World. It has been divided into six series - ''Cellia'' (eight species), ''Myzomyia'' (69 species), ''Neocellia'' (33 species), ''Neomyzomyia'' (99 species), ''Paramyzomyia'' (six species) and ''Pyretophorus'' (22 species). This classification was developed by Grjebine (in 1966), Reid (in 1968), and Gillies & de Meillon (also in 1968) based on the work by Edwards in 1932. Series definition within this subgenus is based on the cibarial armature - a collection of specialized spicules borne ventrally at the posterior margin of the cibarium - which was first used as a taxonomic method by Christophers in 1933. ''Kerteszia'' is a small subgenus found in

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...

whose larvae have specific ecological requirements; these can only develop within water that accumulates at the base of the follicular axis of the

epiphytic An epiphyte is a plant or plant-like organism that grows on the surface of another plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphyt ...

Bromeliaceae The Bromeliaceae (the bromeliads) are a family of monocot flowering plants of about 80 genera and 3700 known species, native mainly to the tropical Americas, with several species found in the American subtropics and one in tropical west Africa, ...

. Unlike the majority of mosquitoes, species in this subgenus are active during the day. Within a number of species, separate subspecies have been identified. The diagnostic criteria and characteristic features of each subgenus are discussed on the own page.

Species complexes

'' Anopheles nuneztovari'' is a species complex with at least one occurring in

Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...

and

Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...

and another occurring in the

Amazon Basin The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributary, tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about , or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent. It is located in the countries ...

Species listing

Species that have been shown to be vectors of human malaria are marked with a star (*) after the name.

Subgenus ''
Anopheles ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist Johann Wilhelm Meigen, J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are Disease vector, vectors of the paras ...
''

:''

Anopheles anthropophagus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Xu & Feng 1975 :'' Anopheles confusa'' :'' Anopheles derooki'' Soesilo & Van Slooten 1931 :'' Anopheles gracilis'' Theobald 1905 :'' Anopheles hollandi'' Taylor 1934 :''

Anopheles obscura ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Tenorio 1975 :'' Anopheles papuae'' Swellengrebel & Swellengrebel de Graaf 1919 :'' Anopheles simmondsi'' Tenorio 1977 :'' Anopheles travestita'' Brug 1928 :Section '' Angusticorn'' ::Series ''

'' (Edwards, 1932a) :::''

Anopheles algeriensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Theobald 1903 :::'' Anopheles concolor'' Edwards 1938 :::'' Anopheles marteri'' ::::subspecies ''marteri'' ::::subspecies ''sogdianus'' Keshishian :::Claviger Complex (Coluzzi et al., 1965) ::::''

Anopheles claviger ''Anopheles claviger'' is a mosquito species found in Palearctic realm covering Europe, North Africa, northern Arabian Peninsula, and northern Asia. It is responsible for transmitting malaria in some of these regions. The mosquito is made up of ...

''* Meigen 1804 ::::'' Anopheles petragnani'' Del Vecchio 1939 :::Aitkenii Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::''

Anopheles aberrans ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Harrison & Scanlon 1975 ::::'' Anopheles acaci'' Baisas 1946 ::::'' Anopheles aitkenii'' James 1903 ::::'' Anopheles bengalensis'' Puri 1930 ::::'' Anopheles borneensis'' McArthur 1949 ::::'' Anopheles fragilis'' Theobald 1903 ::::'' Anopheles insulaeflorum'' Swellengrebel & Swellengrebel de Graaf 1919 ::::'' Anopheles palmatus'' Rodenwaldt 1926 ::::'' Anopheles peytoni'' Kulasekera, Harrison & Amerasinghe 1989 ::::'' Anopheles pilinotum'' Harrison & Scanlon 1974 ::::'' Anopheles pinjaurensis'' Barraud 1932 ::::'' Anopheles stricklandi'' Reid 1965 ::::'' Anopheles tigertti'' Scanlon & Peyton 1967 :::Alongensis Group (Phan et al., 1991) ::::'' Anopheles alongensis'' Venhuis 1940 ::::'' Anopheles cucphuongensis'' Vu, Nguyen, Tran & Nguyen 1991 :::Atratipes Group (Lee et al., 1987b) ::::'' Anopheles atratipes'' Skuse 1889 ::::'' Anopheles tasmaniensis'' Dobrotworsky 1966 :::Culiciformis Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles culiciformis'' Cogill 1903 ::::'' Anopheles sintoni'' Puri 1929 ::::'' Anopheles sintonoides'' Ho 1938 :::Lindesayi Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::Gigas Subgroup (Harrison et al., 1991, as Gigas Complex) :::::Baileyi Complex (Somboon et al., 2020) ::::::'' Anopheles baileyi'' Edwards (species A) ::::::'' Anopheles inthanonensis'' (species D) ::::::'' Anopheles bhutanensis'' Somboon, Namgay & Harbach (species C) ::::::'' Anopheles monticola'' Somboon, Namgay & Harbach (species B) ::::::'' Anopheles simlensis'' James :::::Gigas Complex (redefined by Somboon et al., 2020) ::::::'' Anopheles gigas'' Giles :::::::subspecies ''crockeri'' Colless :::::::subspecies ''danaubento'' Mochtar & Walandouw :::::::subspecies ''formosus'' Ludlow :::::::subspecies ''gigas'' Giles :::::::subspecies ''oedjalikalah'' Nainggolan :::::::subspecies ''pantjarbatu'' Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen :::::::subspecies ''refutans'' Alcock ::::::'' Anopheles prachongae'' Rattanarithikul & Harrison ::::::'' Anopheles sumatrana'' Swellengrebel & Rodenwaldt ::::Lindesayi Subgroup (Harrison et al., 1991, as Lindesayi Complex) ::::::'' Anopheles menglangensis'' Ma 1981 ::::::'' Anopheles nilgiricus'' Christophers 1924 ::::::'' Anopheles wellingtonianus'' Alcock 1912 :::::Lindesayi Complex (Namgay et al., 2020) ::::::'' Anopheles benguetensis'' King ::::::'' Anopheles cameronensis'' Edwards ::::::'' Anopheles druki'' Somboon, Namgay & Harbach (lindesayi species C) ::::::'' Anopheles himalayensis'' Somboon, Namgay & Harbach (lindesayi species D) ::::::'' Anopheles japonicus'' Yamada ::::::'' Anopheles lindesayi'' Giles (species A) ::::::'' Anopheles lindesayi'' (species B) ::::::'' Anopheles pleccau'' Koidzumi ::::::'' Anopheles thimphuensis'' Somboon, Namgay & Harbach (lindesayi species E) :::Maculipennis Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles atropos'' Dyar & Knab 1906

::::'' Anopheles aztecus'' Hoffmann 1935 ::::'' Anopheles lewisi'' Ludlow 1920 ::::'' Anopheles walkeri'' Theobald ::::Maculipennis Subgroup (Linton, 2004) :::::''

Anopheles artemievi ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Gordeyev, Zvantsov, Goryacheva, Shaikevich & Yezhov :::::'' Anopheles atroparvus''* van Thiel 1927 :::::'' Anopheles daciae'' Linton, Nicolescu & Harbach 2004 :::::''

Anopheles labranchiae ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Falleroni 1926 :::::'' Anopheles maculipennis'' Meigen :::::'' Anopheles martinius'' Shingarev 1926 :::::'' Anopheles melanoon''* Hackett 1934 :::::'' Anopheles messeae''* Falleroni 1926 :::::'' Anopheles persiensis'' Linton, Sedaghat & Harbach 2003 :::::''

Anopheles sacharovi ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Favre 1903 ::::Quadrimaculatus Subgroup (Linton, 2004) :::::'' Anopheles beklemishevi'' Stegnii & Kabanova 1976 Anopheles_beklemishevi

:::::'' Anopheles diluvialis'' Reinert 1997 :::::'' Anopheles inundatus'' Reinert 1997 :::::'' Anopheles maverlius'' Reinert 1997 :::::''

Anopheles quadrimaculatus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Say 1824 :::::'' Anopheles smaragdinus'' Reinert 1997 ::::Freeborni Subgroup (Linton, 2004) :::::'' Anopheles earlei'' Vargas 1943 :::::''

Anopheles freeborni ''Anopheles freeborni'', commonly known as the western malaria mosquito, is a species of mosquito in the family Culicidae. It is typically found in the western United States and Canada. Adults are brown to black, with yellow-brown hairs and gr ...

''* Aitken 1939 :::::'' Anopheles hermsi'' Barr & Guptavanij 1989 :::::'' Anopheles occidentalis'' Dyar & Knab 1906

:::Plumbeus Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles arboricola'' Zavortink 1970 ::::'' Anopheles barberi'' Coquillett 1903 ::::'' Anopheles barianensis'' James 1911 ::::'' Anopheles fausti'' Vargas 1943 ::::'' Anopheles judithae'' Zavortink 1969 ::::'' Anopheles omorii'' Sakakibara 1959 ::::'' Anopheles plumbeus''* Stephens 1828 ::::'' Anopheles powderi'' Zavortink 1970 ::::'' Anopheles xelajuensis'' de Leon 1938 :::Pseudopunctipennis Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles chiriquiensis'' Komp 1936 ::::'' Anopheles eiseni'' Coquillett 1902 :::::subspecies ''eiseni'' Coquillett :::::subspecies ''geometricus'' Corrêa ::::'' Anopheles franciscanus'' McCracken 1904 ::::'' Anopheles hectoris'' Giaquinto-Mira 1931 ::::'' Anopheles parapunctipennis''* Martini 1932 :::::subspecies ''guatemalensis'' de Leon :::::subspecies ''parapunctipennis'' Martini ::::'' Anopheles pseudopunctipennis'' Theobald 1901 Anopheles_pseudopunctipennis

:::::subspecies ''levicastilloi'' Levi-Castillo :::::subspecies ''neghmei'' Mann :::::subspecies ''noei'' Mann :::::subspecies ''patersoni'' Alvarado & Heredia :::::subspecies ''pseudopunctipennis'' Theobald :::::subspecies ''rivadeneirai'' Levi-Castillo ::::'' Anopheles tibiamaculatus'' Neiva 1906 :::Punctipennis Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles perplexens'' Ludlow 1907 Anopheles_perplexens

::::''

Anopheles punctipennis ''Anopheles punctipennis'', commonly called the Woodland Malaria Mosquito, is a species of mosquito native to and found throughout North America.Anopheles bradleyi'' King 1939 :::::'' Anopheles crucians'' Wiedemann 1828 (species A, B, C, D and E) :::::''

Anopheles georgianus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' King 1939 :::Stigmaticus Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles colledgei'' Marks 1956 ::::'' Anopheles corethroides'' Theobald 1907 ::::''

Anopheles papuensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Dobrotworsky 1957 ::::'' Anopheles powelli'' Lee 1944 ::::'' Anopheles pseudostigmaticus'' Dobrotworsky 1957 ::::'' Anopheles stigmaticus'' Skuse 1889 ::Series '' Cycloleppteron'' (Edwards, 1932a) :::'' Anopheles annulipalpis'' Lynch Arribálzaga 1878 :::'' Anopheles grabhamii'' Theobald 1901 ::Series '' Lophoscelomyia'' (Edwards, 1932a) :::'' Anopheles bulkleyi'' Causey 1937 :::Asiaticus Group (Reid, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles annandalei'' Prashad 1918 ::::'' Anopheles noniae'' Reid 1963 ::::Asiaticus Subgroup (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) :::::'' Anopheles asiaticus'' Leicester 1903 ::::Interruptus Subgroup (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) :::::'' Anopheles interruptus'' Puri 1929 :Section '' Laticorn'' (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::Series '' Arribalzagia'' (Root, 1922a) :::'' Anopheles anchietai'' Corrêa & Ramalho 1968 :::'' Anopheles apicimacula'' Dyar & Knab 1906 :::'' Anopheles bustamentei'' Galvão 1955 :::'' Anopheles calderoni'' Wilkerson 1991 :::'' Anopheles costai'' Fonseca & Ramos 1939 :::'' Anopheles evandroi'' da Costa Lima 1937 :::'' Anopheles fluminensis'' Root 1927 :::'' Anopheles forattinii'' Wilkerson & Sallum 1999 :::'' Anopheles gabaldoni'' Vargas 1941 :::'' Anopheles guarao'' Anduze & Capdevielle 1949 :::'' Anopheles intermedius''* Peryassú 1908 :::'' Anopheles maculipes'' Theobald 1903 :::'' Anopheles malefactor'' Dyar & Knab 1907 :::'' Anopheles mattogrossensis'' Lutz & Neiva 1911 :::'' Anopheles medialis'' Harbach :::''

Anopheles mediopunctatus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Lutz 1903 :::'' Anopheles minor'' da Costa Lima 1929 :::'' Anopheles neomaculipalpus'' Curry 1931 :::'' Anopheles peryassui'' Dyar & Knab 1908 :::'' Anopheles pseudomaculipes'' Chagas 1907 :::''

Anopheles punctimacula ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Dyar & Knab 1906 :::'' Anopheles rachoui'' Galvão 1952 :::'' Anopheles shannoni'' Davis 1931 :::'' Anopheles veruslanei'' Vargas 1979 :::'' Anopheles vestitipennis'' Dyar & Knab 1906 ::Series '' Christya'' (Christophers, 1924a) :::'' Anopheles implexus'' Theobald 1903 :::'' Anopheles okuensis'' Brunhes, le Goff & Geoffroy 1997 ::Series '' Myzorhynchus'' (Edwards, 1932a) :::'' Anopheles obscurus'' Grünberg 1905 :::Albotaeniatus Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles albotaeniatus'' Theobald 1903 ::::'' Anopheles balerensis'' Mendoza 1947 ::::'' Anopheles ejercitoi'' Mendoza 1947 ::::'' Anopheles montanus'' Stanton & Hacker 1917 ::::'' Anopheles saperoi'' Bohart & Ingram 1946 :::::subspecies ''ohamai'' Ohama :::::subspecies ''saperoi'' Bohart & Ingram :::Bancroftii Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles bancroftii'' Giles 1902

:::::subspecies ''bancroftii'' Giles :::::subspecies ''barbiventris'' Brug ::::'' Anopheles pseudobarbirostris'' Ludlow 1935 :::Barbirostris Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles freyi'' Meng 1957 ::::'' Anopheles koreicus'' Yamada & Watanabe 1918 ::::Barbirostris Subgroup (Reid, 1968) :::::Barbirostris Complex (Satoto, 2001) ::::::'' Anopheles barbirostris''* van der Wulp 1884 ::::::'' Anopheles campestris'' Reid 1962 ::::::'' Anopheles dissidens'' Taai & Harbach (species III of Paredes-Esquivel et al., 2009) ::::::'' Anopheles saeungae'' Taai & Harbach (species IV of Paredes-Esquivel et al., 2009) ::::::'' Anopheles vanderwulpi'' Townson & Harbach ::::::'' Anopheles wejchoochotei'' Taai & Harbach ::::::'' Anopheles sarpangensis'' Somboon, Namgay & Harbach, 2024 :::::'' Anopheles donaldi'' Reid 1962 :::::'' Anopheles franciscoi'' Reid 1962 :::::'' Anopheles hodgkini'' Reid 1962 :::::'' Anopheles pollicaris'' Reid 1962 ::::Vanus Subgroup (Reid, 1968) :::::'' Anopheles ahomi'' Chowdhury 1929 :::::''

Anopheles barbumbrosus ''Anopheles barbumbrosus'' is a species complex of mosquito belonging to the genus ''Anopheles''. It has 12-36 thin attenuated branches usually loose and separated out, which is a good indication to separate it from ''A. barbirostris''. It shows ...

'' Strickland & Chowdhury 1927 :::::'' Anopheles manalangi'' Mendoza 1940 :::::'' Anopheles reidi'' Harrison 1973 :::::'' Anopheles vanus'' Walker 1859 :::Coustani Group (Reid & Knight, 1961) ::::'' Anopheles caliginosus'' de Meillon 1943 ::::'' Anopheles coustani'' Laveran 1900

::::'' Anopheles crypticus'' Coetzee 1994 ::::'' Anopheles fuscicolor'' van Someren 1947 ::::''

Anopheles namibiensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Coetzee 1984 ::::'' Anopheles paludis'' Theobald 1900 ::::'' Anopheles symesi'' Edwards 1928 ::::'' Anopheles tenebrosus'' Dönitz 1902 ::::''

Anopheles ziemanni ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Grünberg 1902 :::Hyrcanus Group (Reid, 1953) ::::''

'' Xu & Feng 1975 ::::'' Anopheles argyropus'' Swellengrebel 1914 ::::'' Anopheles belenrae'' Rueda 2005 ::::'' Anopheles changfus'' Ma 1981 ::::'' Anopheles chodukini'' Martini 1929 ::::'' Anopheles dazhaius'' Ma 1981 ::::'' Anopheles engarensis'' Kanda & Oguma 1978 ::::''

Anopheles hailarensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Xu & Luo 1998 ::::'' Anopheles heiheensis'' Ma 1981 ::::'' Anopheles hyrcanus''* Pallas 1771 Anopheles_hyrcanus

::::'' Anopheles hyrcanus spIR'' (Djadid et al., 2009) ::::'' Anopheles junlianensis'' Lei 1996 ::::'' Anopheles kiangsuensis'' Xu & Feng 1975 ::::'' Anopheles kleini'' Rueda 2005 ::::'' Anopheles kummingensis'' Dong & Wang 1985 ::::'' Anopheles kweiyangensis'' Yao & Wu 1944 ::::'' Anopheles liangshanensis'' Kang, Tan, Cao, Cheng, Yang & Huang 1984 ::::''

Anopheles nimpe ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Nguyen, Tran & Harbach ::::'' Anopheles pseudopictus'' Grassi 1899 ::::'' Anopheles pullus'' Yamada 1937 ::::''

Anopheles sinensis ''Anopheles sinensis'' is a species of mosquito that transmits malaria as well as lymphatic filariasis. It is regarded as the most important vector of these human parasitic diseases in Southeast Asia. It is the primary vector of vivax malaria (' ...

''* Wiedemann 1828 ::::'' Anopheles sineroides'' Yamada 1924 ::::'' Anopheles xiaokuanus'' Ma 1981 ::::''

Anopheles xui ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Dong, Zhou, Dong & Mao 2007 ::::'' Anopheles yatsushiroensis'' Miyazaki 1951 ::::Lesteri Subgroup (Harrison, 1972) :::::'' Anopheles crawfordi'' Reid 1953 :::::''

Anopheles lesteri ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Baisas & Hu 1936 :::::'' Anopheles paraliae'' Sandosham 1959 :::::'' Anopheles peditaeniatus'' Leicester 1908 :::::'' Anopheles vietnamensis'' Nguyen, Tran & Nguyen 1993 ::::Nigerrimus Subgroup (Harrison, 1972) :::::'' Anopheles nigerrimus''* Giles 1900 :::::'' Anopheles nitidus'' Harrison, Scanlon & Reid 1973 :::::'' Anopheles pseudosinensis'' Baisas 1935 :::::'' Anopheles pursati'' Laveran 1902 :::Umbrosus Group (Reid, 1950) ::::'' Anopheles brevipalpis'' Roper 1914 ::::'' Anopheles brevirostris'' Reid 1950 ::::'' Anopheles hunteri'' Strickland 1916 ::::'' Anopheles samarensis'' Rozeboom 1951 ::::'' Anopheles similissimus'' Strickland & Chowdhury 1927 ::::Baezai Subgroup (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) :::::'' Anopheles baezai'' Gater 1934 ::::Letifer Subgroup (Reid, 1968) :::::'' Anopheles collessi'' Reid 1963 :::::'' Anopheles letifer''* Sandosham 1944 :::::'' Anopheles roperi'' Reid 1950 :::::'' Anopheles whartoni'' Reid 1963 ::::Separatus Subgroup (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) :::::'' Anopheles separatus'' Leicester 1908 ::::Umbrosus Subgroup (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) :::::'' Anopheles umbrosus'' Theobald 1903

Subgenus '' Baimaia''

:''

'' Abraham 1947

Subgenus '' Cellia''

:'' Anopheles rageaui'' Mattingly & Adam :Series '' Cellia'' (Christophers, 1924a) :::'' Anopheles argenteolobatus'' Gough 1910 :::'' Anopheles brumpti'' Hamon & Rickenbach 1955 :::'' Anopheles cristipalpis'' Service 1977 :::'' Anopheles murphyi'' Gillies & de Meillon 1968 :::''

'' Theobald 1901 :::'' Anopheles swahilicus'' Gillies 1964 :::Squamosus Group (Grjebine, 1966) ::::'' Anopheles cydippis'' de Meillon 1931 ::::'' Anopheles squamosus'' Theobald 1901 :Series '' Myzomyia'' (Christophers, 1924a) :::'' Anopheles apoci'' Marsh 1933 :::'' Anopheles azaniae'' Bailly-Choumara 1960 :::'' Anopheles barberellus'' Evans 1932 :::'' Anopheles brunnipes'' Theobald 1910 :::'' Anopheles domicolus'' Edwards 1916 :::'' Anopheles dthali'' Patton 1905 :::'' Anopheles erythraeus'' Corradetti 1939 :::'' Anopheles ethiopicus'' Gillies & Coetzee 1987 :::'' Anopheles flavicosta'' Edwards 1911 :::'' Anopheles fontinalis'' Gillies & de Meillon 1968 :::'' Anopheles gabonensis'' Rahola, Makanga & Paupy 2014 :::'' Anopheles majidi'' Young & Majid 1928 :::''

Anopheles moucheti ''Anopheles moucheti'' is a species of mosquito. It is an anthropophile. It can be mainly located in Congo Basin forest, Central Africa. It was the main vector of malaria Malaria is a Mosquito-borne disease, mosquito-borne infectious dise ...

''* Evans 1925 ::::subspecies ''bervoetsi'' D'Haenans 1961 ::::subspecies ''moucheti'' Evans 1925 ::::subspecies ''nigeriensis'' :::'' Anopheles schwetzi'' Evans 1934 :::'' Anopheles tchekedii'' de Meillon & Leeson 1940 :::'' Anopheles walravensi'' Edwards 1930 :::Demeilloni Group (Gillies & de Meillon, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles carteri'' Evans & de Meillon 1933 ::::'' Anopheles demeilloni'' Evans 1933 ::::'' Anopheles freetownensis'' Evans 1925 ::::'' Anopheles garnhami'' Edwards 1930 ::::'' Anopheles keniensis'' Evans 1931 ::::'' Anopheles lloreti'' Gil Collado 1936 ::::''

Anopheles sergentii ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Theobald 1907 :::::subspecies ''macmahoni'' Evans 1936 :::::subspecies ''sergentii'' Theobald 1907 :::Funestus Group (Garros et al., 2005b) ::::''

Anopheles jeyporiensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' James 1902 ::::Aconitus Subgroup (Chen et al., 2003) :::::''

Anopheles aconitus ''Anopheles aconitus'' is a species of mosquito belonging to the genus ''Anopheles''. It is mostly found in uplands generally restricted to below 1000m. Eggs are laid and larvae can be found in paddy fields and shallow pools. Females are primaril ...

'' Dönitz 1902 :::::'' Anopheles filipinae'' Manalang 1930 :::::'' Anopheles mangyanus'' Banks 1906 :::::'' Anopheles pampanai'' Büttiker & Beales 1959 :::::''

Anopheles varuna ''Anopheles (Cellia) varuna'' is a species complex of zoophilic mosquito belonging to the genus ''Anopheles''. It is found in India, Sri Lanka Thailand and Vietnam. It is a secondary malaria vector in Sri Lanka. Larvae are known to feed on detrit ...

'' Iyengar 1924 ::::Culicifacies Subgroup (Garros et al., 2005b) :::::''

Anopheles culicifacies ''Anopheles culicifacies'' is a mosquito species complex and one of the primary vectors of malaria on the Indian subcontinent. It consists of five sibling species, provisionally designated as species A, B, C, D, and E. It prefers to rest indoors ...

''* Giles 1901 (species A, B, C, D and E) (Kar et al., 1999) ::::Funestus Subgroup (Garros et al., 2005b) :::::'' Anopheles aruni'' Sobti 1968 :::::'' Anopheles confusus'' Evans & Leeson 1935 :::::''

Anopheles funestus ''Anopheles funestus'' is a species of mosquito in the Culicidae family. This species was first described in 1900 by Giles. The female is attracted to houses where it seeks out humans in order to feed on their blood, mostly during the night. Th ...

''* Giles 1900 :::::'' Anopheles funestus-like''* Spillings et al. 2009 :::::'' Anopheles longipalpis'' (Theobald) (Type C) (Koekemoer et al., 2009) :::::'' Anopheles parensis'' Gillies 1962 :::::'' Anopheles vaneedeni'' Gillies & Coetzee 1987 ::::Minimus Subgroup (Chen et al., 2003) :::::''

Anopheles flavirostris ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Ludlow 1914 :::::'' Anopheles leesoni'' Evans 1931 :::::'' Anopheles longipalpis'' (Theobald) (Type A) (Koekemoer et al., 2009) :::::Fluviatilis Complex (Sarala et al., 1994) ::::::''

Anopheles fluviatilis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* James 1902 (species S, T and U) :::::Minimus Complex (Green et al., 1990) ::::::'' Anopheles harrisoni'' Harbach & Manguin 2007 (species C) ::::::''

Anopheles minimus ''Anopheles minimus'' is a species of mosquito can be found around Oriental region included: India, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Southern China comprising Hong Kong, Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. It was the main vector o ...

'' Theobald 1901 (species A) ::::::'' Anopheles yaeyamaensis'' Somboon & Harbach ::::Rivulorum Subgroup (Garros et al., 2005b) :::::'' Anopheles brucei'' Service 1960 :::::'' Anopheles fuscivenosus'' Leeson 1930 :::::'' Anopheles rivulorum''* Leeson 1935 :::::'' Anopheles rivulorum-like'' (Cohuet et al., 2003) :::Marshallii Group (Gillies & de Meillon, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles austenii'' Theobald 1905 ::::'' Anopheles berghei'' Vincke & Leleup 1949 ::::'' Anopheles brohieri'' Edwards 1929 ::::'' Anopheles gibbinsi'' Evans 1935 ::::'' Anopheles hancocki'' Edwards 1929 ::::'' Anopheles hargreavesi'' Evans 1927 ::::'' Anopheles harperi'' Evans 1936 ::::'' Anopheles mortiauxi'' Edwards 1938 ::::'' Anopheles mousinhoi'' de Meillon & Pereira 1940 ::::'' Anopheles njombiensis'' Peters 1955 ::::'' Anopheles seydeli'' Edwards 1929 ::::Marshallii Complex (Gillies & Coetzee, 1987) :::::'' Anopheles hughi'' Lambert & Coetzee 1982 :::::'' Anopheles kosiensis'' Coetzee, Segerman & Hunt 1987 :::::'' Anopheles letabensis'' Lambert & Coetzee 1982 :::::'' Anopheles marshallii'' Theobald 1903 :::Wellcomei Group (Gillies & de Meillon, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles distinctus'' Newstead & Carter 1911 ::::'' Anopheles erepens'' Gillies 1958 ::::'' Anopheles theileri'' Edwards 1912 ::::'' Anopheles wellcomei'' Theobald 1904 :::::subspecies ''ugandae'' Evans 1934 :::::subspecies ''ungujae'' White 1975 :::::subspecies ''wellcomei'' Theobald 1904 :Series '' Neocellia'' (Christophers, 1924a) :::'' Anopheles ainshamsi'' Gad, Harbach & Harrison 2006 :::'' Anopheles dancalicus'' Corradetti 1939 :::'' Anopheles hervyi'' Brunhes, le Goff & Geoffroy 1999 :::'' Anopheles karwari''* James 1903 :::'' Anopheles maculipalpis'' Giles 1902 :::'' Anopheles moghulensis'' Christophers 1924 :::'' Anopheles paltrinierii'' Shidrawi & Gillies 1988 :::'' Anopheles pattoni'' Christophers 1926 :::''

Anopheles pretoriensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist Johann Wilhelm Meigen, J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are Disease vector, vectors of the paras ...

'' Theobald 1903 :::''

Anopheles pulcherrimus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Theobald 1902 :::'' Anopheles rufipes'' Gough 1910 ::::subspecies ''broussesi'' Edwards 1929 ::::subspecies ''rufipes'' Gough 1910 :::'' Anopheles salbaii'' Maffi & Coluzzi 1958 :::''

Anopheles stephensi ''Anopheles stephensi'' is a primary mosquito vector of malaria in urban India and is included in the same subgenus as ''Anopheles gambiae'', the primary malaria vector in Africa. ''A. gambiae'' consists of a complex of morphologically identical ...

''* Liston 1901 (potentially a species complex; see Firooziyan et al., 2018) :::''

Anopheles superpictus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Grassi 1899 (species A and B) (Oshaghi et al., 2007; Oshaghi et al., 2008) :::'' Anopheles theobaldi'' Giles 1901 :::Annularis Group (Reid, 1968) ::::Annularis Complex (Atrie et al., 1999) :::::''

Anopheles annularis ''Anopheles annularis'' is a species of mosquito belonging to the genus ''Anopheles''. Larvae found in clean, lotic bodies of water with abundant vegetation. Females are zoophilic, mainly feed blood on cattle and humans. The species is a major ma ...

''* van der Wulp 1884 (species A and B) :::::'' Anopheles pallidus'' Theobald 1901 :::::'' Anopheles philippinensis''* Ludlow 1902 :::::'' Anopheles schueffneri'' Stanton 1915 ::::Nivipes Complex (Green et al., 1985b; Harrison et al., 1991) :::::'' Anopheles nivipes'' Theobald 1903 (2 cytogenetic species in Thailand) :::Jamesii Group (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) ::::'' Anopheles jamesii'' Theobald 1901 ::::'' Anopheles pseudojamesi'' Strickland & Chowdhury 1927 ::::'' Anopheles splendidus'' Koidzumi 1920 :::Maculatus Group (Rattanarithikul & Green, 1987) ::::'' Anopheles dispar'' Rattanarithikul & Harbach 1991 ::::'' Anopheles greeni'' Rattanarithikul & Harbach 1991 ::::'' Anopheles pseudowillmori'' Theobald 1910 ::::'' Anopheles willmori'' James 1903 ::::Maculatus Subgroup (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) :::::'' Anopheles dravidicus'' Christophers 1924 :::::Maculatus Complex (Ali et al., 2019b) ::::::''

Anopheles maculatus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Theobald 1901 ::::::''

'' Javanese form (Ali et al., 2019a) ::::Sawadwongporni Subgroup (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) :::::'' Anopheles notanandai'' Rattanarithikul & Green 1987 :::::'' Anopheles rampae'' Harbach & Somboon 2011 :::::''

Anopheles sawadwongporni ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Rattanarithikul & Green 1987 :Series '' Neomyzomyia'' (Christophers, 1924a) :::'' Anopheles amictus'' Edwards 1921

:::'' Anopheles annulatus'' de Rook 1930 :::'' Anopheles aurirostris'' Watson 1910 :::'' Anopheles dualaensis'' Brunhes, le Goff & Geoffroy 1999 :::'' Anopheles hilli'' Woodhill & Lee 1944 :::'' Anopheles incognitus'' Brug 1931 :::'' Anopheles kokhani'' Vythilingam, Jeffery & Harbach 2007 :::'' Anopheles kolambuganensis'' Baisas 1932 :::'' Anopheles longirostris'' Brug 1928 :::'' Anopheles meraukensis'' Venhuis 1932 :::'' Anopheles novaguinensis'' Venhuis 1933 :::'' Anopheles saungi'' Colless 1955 :::'' Anopheles stookesi'' Colless 1955 :::'' Anopheles watsonii'' Leicester 1908 :::Annulipes Complex (Green, 1972) ::::'' Anopheles annulipes'' Walker 1856 (species A-Q) (Foley et al., 2007b) Anopheles_annulipes

:::Kochi Group (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) ::::''

Anopheles kochi ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Dönitz 1901 Anopheles kochi specimens

:::Lungae Complex (Belkin, 1962) ::::'' Anopheles lungae'' Belkin & Schlosser 1944 ::::'' Anopheles nataliae'' Belkin 1945 ::::'' Anopheles solomonis'' Belkin, Knight & Rozeboom 1945 :::Ardensis Group (Gillies & de Meillon, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles ardensis'' Theobald 1905 ::::'' Anopheles buxtoni'' Service 1958 ::::'' Anopheles cinctus'' Newstead & Carter 1910 ::::'' Anopheles deemingi'' Service 1970 ::::'' Anopheles dureni'' Edwards 1930 ::::'' Anopheles eouzani'' Brunhes, le Goff & Bousses 2003 ::::'' Anopheles kingi'' Christophers 1923 ::::''

Anopheles machardyi ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Edwards 1930 ::::'' Anopheles maliensis'' Bailly-Choumara & Adam 1959 ::::'' Anopheles millecampsi'' Lips 1960 ::::'' Anopheles multicinctus'' Edwards 1930 ::::'' Anopheles natalensis'' Hill & Haydon 1907 ::::'' Anopheles vernus'' Gillies & de Meillon 1968 ::::'' Anopheles vinckei'' de Meillon 1942 :::Nili Complex (Gillies & de Meillon, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles carnevalei'' Brunhes, le Goff & Geoffroy 1999 ::::''

Anopheles nili ''Anopheles nili'' is a species of mosquito in the Culicidae family. It comprises the following elements: ''An. carnevalei'', ''An. nili'', ''An. ovengensis'' and ''An. somalicus''. The scientific name of this species was first published in 1904 ...

''* Theobald 1904 ::::'' Anopheles ovengensis'' Awono-Ambene, Kengne, Simard, Antonio-Nkondjio & Fontenille 2004 ::::'' Anopheles somalicus'' Rivola & Holstein 1957 :::Leucosphyrus Group (Reid, 1949) ::::Hackeri Subgroup (Sallum et al., 2005a) :::::''

Anopheles hackeri ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Edwards 1921 :::::'' Anopheles mirans'' Sallum & Peyton 2005 :::::'' Anopheles pujutensis'' Colless 1948 :::::'' Anopheles recens'' Sallum & Peyton 2005 :::::'' Anopheles sulawesi''* Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen 1954 ::::Leucosphyrus Subgroup (Peyton, 1990; Sallum et al., 2005b) :::::'' Anopheles baisasi'' Colless 1957 :::::Dirus Complex (Sallum et al., 2005b) ::::::'' Anopheles aff. takasagoensis'' (Takano et al., 2010) ::::::'' Anopheles baimaii''* Sallum & Peyton 2005 ::::::'' Anopheles cracens'' Sallum & Peyton 2005 ::::::'' Anopheles dirus''* Peyton & Harrison 1979 ::::::'' Anopheles elegans'' James 1903 ::::::'' Anopheles nemophilous'' Peyton & Ramalingam 1988 ::::::'' Anopheles scanloni'' Sallum & Peyton 2005 ::::::'' Anopheles takasagoensis'' Morishita 1946 :::::Leucosphyrus Complex (Sallum et al., 2005a) ::::::'' Anopheles balabacensis''* Baisas 1936 ::::::''

Anopheles introlatus ''Anopheles introlatus'' (formerly ''Anopheles balabacensis introlatus'') is the main vector for '' Plasmodium cynomolgi'' (a simian malaria) in Malaya Malaya refers to a number of historical and current political entities related to what is cu ...

'' Colless 1957 ::::::'' Anopheles latens''* Sallum & Peyton 2005 ::::::''

Anopheles leucosphyrus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Dönitz 1901 ::::Riparis Subgroup (Peyton, 1990) :::::'' Anopheles cristatus'' King & Baisas 1936 :::::'' Anopheles macarthuri'' Colless 1956 :::::'' Anopheles riparis'' King & Baisas 1936 :::Mascarensis Group (Harbach, 1994a) ::::'' Anopheles mascarensis'' de Meillon 1947 :::Pauliani Group (Grjebine, 1966) ::::'' Anopheles grassei'' Grjebine ::::'' Anopheles grenieri'' Grjebine ::::'' Anopheles milloti'' Grjebine & Lacan ::::'' Anopheles pauliani'' Grjebine ::::'' Anopheles radama'' de Meillon :::Punctulatus Group (Schmidt et al., 2001) ::::'' Anopheles clowi'' Rozeboom & Knight 1946 ::::'' Anopheles koliensis'' Owen 1945 ::::'' Anopheles punctulatus'' Dönitz 1901 :::::Hosts: ''

Bos taurus Cattle (''Bos taurus'') are large, domesticated, bovid ungulates widely kept as livestock. They are prominent modern members of the subfamily Bovinae and the most widespread species of the genus '' Bos''. Mature female cattle are called ...

'', ''

Canis familiaris The dog (''Canis familiaris'' or ''Canis lupus familiaris'') is a Domestication of vertebrates, domesticated descendant of the gray wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it was Selective breeding, selectively bred from a population of wolves ...

'', '' Equus'', ''

Felis ''Felis'' is a genus of small and medium-sized cat species native to most of Africa and south of 60° latitude in Europe and Asia to Indochina. The genus includes the domestic cat. The smallest of the seven ''Felis'' species is the black-footed ...

'', '' Gallus'' ::::'' Anopheles rennellensis'' Taylor & Maffi ::::'' Anopheles sp. near punctulatus'' (Foley et al., 1995) ::::Farauti Complex (Schmidt et al., 2003) :::::'' Anopheles farauti''* Laveran 1902 :::::'' Anopheles farauti'' 4 and 5 (Foley et al., 1993) :::::'' Anopheles farauti'' 8 (Bower et al., 2008) :::::'' Anopheles hinesorum'' Schmidt 2001 :::::'' Anopheles irenicus'' Schmidt 2003 :::::'' Anopheles oreios'' Bangs & Harbach 2014 :::::'' Anopheles torresiensis'' Schmidt 2001 :::Ranci Group (Grjebine, 1966) ::::'' Anopheles griveaudi'' Grjebine ::::Ranci Subgroup (Grjebine, 1966) :::::'' Anopheles ranci'' Grjebine ::::Roubaudi Subgroup (Grjebine, 1966) :::::'' Anopheles lacani'' Grjebine :::::'' Anopheles notleyi'' van Someren :::::'' Anopheles roubaudi'' Grjebine :::Rhodesiensis Group (Gillies & de Meillon, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles cameroni'' de Meillon & Evans ::::'' Anopheles lounibosi'' Gillies & Coetzee ::::'' Anopheles rhodesiensis'' Theobald :::::subspecies ''rhodesiensis'' Theobald :::::subspecies ''rupicolus'' Lewis ::::'' Anopheles rodhaini'' Leleup & Lips ::::'' Anopheles ruarinus'' Edwards :::Smithii Group (Gillies & de Meillon, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles caroni'' Adam ::::'' Anopheles faini'' Leleup ::::'' Anopheles hamoni'' Adam ::::'' Anopheles jebudensis'' Froud ::::'' Anopheles lovettae'' Evans ::::'' Anopheles smithii'' Theobald ::::'' Anopheles vanhoofi'' Manson & Lebied ::::'' Anopheles wilsoni'' Evans :::Tessellatus Group (Rattanarithikul et al., 2006b) ::::Tessellatus Complex (Bourke et al., 2021) :::::''

Anopheles tessellatus ''Anopheles (Cellia) tessellatus'' is a species complex of zoophilic mosquito belonging to the genus ''Anopheles''. It is found in India, and Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Laos, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines ...

'' Theobald 1901 (species A, B, C, D, E and F) ::::::subspecies ''kalawara'' Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen ::::::subspecies ''orientalis'' Swellengrebel & Swellengrebel de Graaf ::::::subspecies ''tessellatus'' Theobald :Series '' Paramyzomyia'' (Christophers & Barraud, 1931) :::Cinereus Group (Gillies & de Meillon, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles azevedoi'' Ribeiro 1969 ::::'' Anopheles cinereus'' Theobald 1901 :::::subspecies ''cinereus'' Theobald 1901 :::::subspecies ''hispaniola'' Theobald 1903 ::::'' Anopheles turkhudi'' Liston 1901 :::::subspecies ''telamali'' Saliternik & Theodor 1942 :::::subspecies ''turkhudi'' Liston 1901 :::Listeri Group (Gillies & de Meillon, 1968) ::::'' Anopheles listeri'' de Meillon 1931 ::::''

Anopheles multicolor ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Cambouliu 1902 ::::'' Anopheles seretsei'' Abdulla-Khan, Coetzee & Hunt 1998 :Series '' Pyretophorus'' (Edwards, 1932a) :::'' Anopheles christyi'' Newstead & Carter 1911 :::'' Anopheles comorensis'' Brunhes, le Goff & Geoffroy 1997 :::'' Anopheles daudi'' Coluzzi 1958 :::'' Anopheles indefinitus'' Ludlow 1904 :::'' Anopheles limosus'' King 1932 :::'' Anopheles litoralis'' King 1932 :::'' Anopheles ludlowae'' Theobald 1903 ::::subspecies ''ludlowae'' Theobald 1903 ::::subspecies ''torakala'' Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen 1949 :::'' Anopheles parangensis'' Ludlow 1914 :::'' Anopheles pseudosundaicus'' Tyagi, Hiriyan, Tewari et al. :::'' Anopheles vagus''* Dönitz 1902 :::Gambiae Complex (White, 1985) ::::''

Anopheles amharicus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Hunt, Wilkerson & Coetzee 2013 ::::''

Anopheles arabiensis ''Anopheles arabiensis'' is a zoophilic species of mosquito and a vector of disease endemic to Africa. Genome Polytene chromosomes have a high degree of gene polymorphism due to paracentric inversions. This is also unusually high for the g ...

''* Patton 1905 ::::''

Anopheles bwambae ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' White 1985 ::::''

Anopheles coluzzii The ''Anopheles gambiae'' complex consists of at least seven morphologically indistinguishable species of mosquitoes in the genus ''Anopheles''. The complex was recognised in the 1960s and includes the most important vectors of malaria in sub- ...

''* Coetzee & Wilkerson 2013 ::::''

''* Giles 1902 ::::''

Anopheles melas ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist Johann Wilhelm Meigen, J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are Disease vector, vectors of the paras ...

''* Theobald 1903 ::::'' Anopheles merus'' Dönitz 1902 ::::'' Anopheles quadriannulatus'' Theobald 1911 :::Subpictus Complex (Suguna et al., 1994) ::::''

Anopheles subpictus ''Anopheles (Cellia) subpictus'' is a species complex of four species (A, B, C and D) of mosquito belonging to the genus ''Anopheles''. Subgenus classification The genus ''Anopheles'' has been subdivided into seven subgenera – ''Anopheles (Ano ...

''* Grassi 1899 (species A, B, C and D) :::Sundaicus Complex (Sukowati et al., 1999) ::::''

Anopheles epiroticus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Linton & Harbach 2005 ::::''

Anopheles sundaicus ''Anopheles sundaicus'' is a zoophilic mosquito of southeast Asia. Species complex Sukowati et al. 1999 finds there to be several cryptic species in an ''An. sundaicus'' complex. They use protein electrophoresis to reveal populations defined by ...

''* Rodenwaldt 1925 ::::''

'' (species B, C, D and E) (Dusfour et al., 2007)

Subgenus ''
Kerteszia The subgenus ''Kerteszia'' are Neotropical Anopheles, anopheline mosquitoes originally described in 1905 by Frederick Vincent Theobald, Frederick V. Theobald as genus ''Kertészia'' with ''Kertészia boliviensis'' as the Type (biology), type spec ...
''

:''

Anopheles auyantepuiensis ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

'' Harbach & Navarro 1996 :'' Anopheles bambusicolus'' Komp 1937 :Bellator Complex (Bourke et al., 2023) ::::''

Anopheles bellator ''Anopheles bellator'' is a species of mosquito mainly located in southeast of State of São Paulo, Brazil, is a main vector of malaria Malaria is a Mosquito-borne disease, mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates and ' ...

''* Dyar & Knab 1906 (bellator 1) ::::''Anopheles bellator'' 2 :Boliviensis Complex (Bourke et al., 2023) ::::''

'' 1 (identity of boliviensis s.s. not determined) ::::''Anopheles boliviensis'' 2 ::::''Anopheles boliviensis'' 3 :Cruzii Complex (Ramirez & Dessen, 2000a) ::::''

Anopheles cruzii ''Anopheles cruzii'' is the species of mosquito that mainly located in southern coast of Brazil, is main vector of malaria, ''Plasmodium vivax''. It has been going through microevolution Microevolution is the change in allele frequencies t ...

''* Dyar & Knab 1908 (species A, B and C) (Ramirez & Dessen, 2000b)Rona LD, Carvalho-Pinto CJ, Peixoto AA (2010) Molecular evidence for the occurrence of a new sibling species within the ''Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii'' complex in south-east Brazil. Malar J 26, 9(1):33 :Homunculus Complex (Bourke et al., 2023) ::::''

Anopheles homunculus ''Anopheles'' () is a genus of mosquito first described by the German entomologist J. W. Meigen in 1818, and are known as nail mosquitoes and marsh mosquitoes. Many such mosquitoes are vectors of the parasite ''Plasmodium'', a genus of protoz ...

''* Komp 1937 (homunculus 1?) ::::''Anopheles homunculus'' 2 :Laneanus Complex (Bourke et al., 2023) ::::''Anopheles laneanus'' 1 ::::''Anopheles laneanus'' Corrêa & Cerqueira 1944 (laneanus 2) :Neivai Complex (Bourke et al., 2023) ::::''Anopheles neivai'' Howard, Dyar & Knab 1913 (neivai 1) ::::''Anopheles neivai'' 2 ::::''Anopheles neivai'' 3 ::::''Anopheles neivai'' 4 ::::''Anopheles neivai'' 5 ::::''Anopheles neivai'' 6 ::::''Anopheles neivai'' 7 ::::''Anopheles neivai'' 8 (neivai nr neivai 4 of Ahumada et al., 2016) :Pholidotus Complex (Bourke et al., 2023) ::::''Anopheles pholidotus'' 1 (identity of pholidotus s.s. not determined) ::::''Anopheles pholidotus'' 2 ::::''Anopheles pholidotus'' 3 ::::''Anopheles pholidotus'' 4 :Rollai Complex (Bourke et al., 2023) ::::''Anopheles rollai'' 1 (identity of rollai s.s. not determined) ::::''Anopheles rollai'' 2 ::::''Anopheles rollai'' 3 ::::''Anopheles rollai'' 4 ::::''Anopheles rollai'' 5 :''Anopheles gonzalezrinconesi'' Cova García, Pulido & de Ugueto 1977 :''Anopheles lepidotus'' Zavortink 1973

Subgenus '' Lophopodomyia''

:''Anopheles gilesi'' Peryassú 1928 :''Anopheles gomezdelatorrei'' Leví-Castillo 1955 :''Anopheles oiketorakras'' Osorno-Mesa 1947 :''Anopheles pseudotibiamaculatus'' Galvão & Barretto 1941 :''

'' Antunes 1937 :''Anopheles vargasi'' Gabaldón, Cova García & Lopez 1941

Subgenus ''Nyssorhynchus''

:Section ''Albimanus'' (Levi Castillo, 1949) :::''Anopheles noroestensis'' Galvão & Lane 1937 ::Series ''Albimanus'' (Faran, 1980) ::::''Anopheles albimanus''* Wiedemann 1820 ::Series ''Oswaldoi'' (Faran, 1980) :::Oswaldoi Group (Faran, 1980) ::::Oswaldoi Subgroup (Faran, 1980) :::::''Anopheles anomalophyllus'' Komp :::::''Anopheles aquasalis''* Curry 1932 :::::''Anopheles evansae'' Brèthes 1926 :::::''Anopheles galvaoi'' Causey, Deane & Deane 1943 :::::''Anopheles ininii'' Senevet & Abonnenc 1938 :::::Konderi Complex (Ruiz-Lopez et al., 2013) ::::::''Anopheles konderi'' Galvão & Damasceno 1942 ::::::''Anopheles tadei'' Saraiva & Scarpassa (formerly sp. nr. konderi of Ruiz-Lopez et al., 2013) :::::Nuneztovari Complex (Mirabello & Conn, 2008; Foster et al., 2013; Scarpassa et al., 2016) ::::::''Anopheles dunhami'' Causey 1945 ::::::''Anopheles goeldii'' Rozeboom & Gabaldón 1941 ::::::''Anopheles jamariensis'' Sant'Ana & Sallum ::::::'' Anopheles nuneztovari''* Gabaldón 1940 ::::::'' Anopheles nuneztovari'' B and C :::::Oswaldoi Complex (Ruiz-Lopez et al., 2013) ::::::''Anopheles oswaldoi'' Peryassú 1922 ::::::''Anopheles oswaldoi'' A (Ruiz-Lopez et al., 2013) ::::::''Anopheles oswaldoi'' B (Ruiz et al., 2005; Ruiz et al., 2010) ::::::''Anopheles rangeli'' Gabaldón, Cova García & Lopez 1941 ::::::''Anopheles sanctielii'' Senevet & Abonnenc 1938 ::::::''Anopheles trinkae'' Faran 1980 ::::Strodei Subgroup (Faran, 1980) :::::''Anopheles albertoi'' Unti :::::''Anopheles CP Form'' (Sallum et al., 2010) :::::''Anopheles rondoni'' Neiva & Pinto 1922 :::::''Anopheles striatus'' Sant'Ana & Sallum :::::''Anopheles strodei'' Root 1926 :::::Arthuri Complex (Bourke et al., 2013) ::::::''Anopheles arthuri''* ::::::''Anopheles ibiapabaensis'' (Sant’Ana & Sallum, 2023) ::::::''Anopheles untii'' (Sant’Ana & Sallum, 2023) ::::::''Anopheles rondoniensis'' Sant'Ana & Sallum 2022 :::::Benarrochi Complex (Ruiz et al., 2005) ::::::''Anopheles benarrochi'' Gabaldón, Cova García & Lopez 1941 ::::::''Anopheles benarrochi'' B (Ruiz et al., 2005) ::::Triannulatus Group (Faran, 1980) :::::''Anopheles halophylus'' Silva do Nascimento & Lourenço-de-Oliveira 2002 :::::''Anopheles triannulatus'' Neiva & Pinto 1922 :::::''Anopheles triannulatus'' (species C) (Silva-do-Nascimento & Lourenço-de-Oliveira, 2007) :Section ''Argyritarsis'' (Levi Castillo, 1949) ::Series ''Albitarsis'' ::::''Anopheles rooti'' Brèthes 1926 :::Albitarsis Group (Linthicum, 1988) ::::Albitarsis Complex (Wilkerson et al., 1995) :::::''Anopheles albitarsis'' Lynch Arribálzaga 1878 :::::''Anopheles albitarsis'' (species F, G, H and I) (Brochero et al., 2007; Ruiz-Lopez et al., 2012) :::::''Anopheles deaneorum'' Rosa-Freitas 1989 :::::''Anopheles janconnae'' Wilkerson & Sallum 2009 :::::''Anopheles lineage nr janconnae'' (Gutiérrez et al., 2010) :::::''Anopheles marajoara''* Galvão & Damasceno 1942 (lineages 1 and 2) (McKeon et al., 2010) :::::''Anopheles oryzalimnetes'' Wilkerson & Motoki 2009 :::Braziliensis Group (Linthicum, 1988) ::::''Anopheles braziliensis'' Chagas 1907 ::Series ''Argyritarsis'' (Linthicum, 1988) :::Argyritarsis Group (Linthicum, 1988) ::::''

'' Robineau-Desvoidy 1827 ::::''Anopheles sawyeri'' Causey, Deane, Deane & Sampaio 1943 :::Darlingi Group (Linthicum, 1988) ::::''Anopheles darlingi''* Root 1926 :::Lanei Group (Linthicum, 1988) ::::''Anopheles lanei'' Galvão & Franco do Amaral 1938 :::Pictipennis Group (Linthicum, 1988) ::::''Anopheles atacamensis'' González & Sallum ::::''Anopheles pictipennis'' Philippi 1865 :Section ''Myzorhynchella'' (Peyton et al., 1992) ::::''Anopheles antunesi'' Galvão & Franco do Amaral 1940 ::::''Anopheles guarani'' Shannon 1928 ::::''Anopheles lutzii'' Cruz 1901 ::::''Anopheles nigritarsis'' Chagas 1907 ::::''Anopheles parvus'' Chagas 1907 ::::''Anopheles pristinus'' Nagaki & Sallum

Subgenus ''
Stethomyia ''Stethomyia'' is a subgenus of the mosquito genus ''Anopheles''. The type species is ''Anopheles nimbus''. There are five species in this subgenus. History This subgenus was described by Frederick Wallace Edwards in 1932. Phylogeny Of the seve ...
''

:''Anopheles acanthotorynus'' Komp 1937 :''Anopheles canorii'' Floch & Abonnenc 1945 :''Anopheles kompi'' Edwards 1930 :''

'' Theobald 1902 :''Anopheles thomasi'' Shannon 1933

Nomen dubium

:''Anopheles africanus'' :''Anopheles allopha'' :''Anopheles arnoulti'' :''Anopheles brachypus'' :''Anopheles costalis'' :''Anopheles courdurieri'' :''Anopheles jacobi'' :''Anopheles minutus'' :''Anopheles nero'' :''Anopheles soalalaensis'' :''Anopheles upemba'' :''Anopheles vulgaris''

Extinct species

:†''Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) dominicanus'' Zavortink & Poinar 2000 :†''Anopheles rottensis''

Notes

*''Anopheles anthropophagus'' Xu and Feng is considered to be a junior synonym of ''Anopheles lesteri'' de Meillon 1931. *''Anopheles bonneorum'' Fonseca & Ramos is considered to be a synonym of ''Anopheles costai''. *''Anopheles lewisi'' Ludlow 1920 is a synonym of ''Anopheles thomasi'' Shannon 1933. *''Anopheles lineata'' Lutz is a synonym of ''Anopheles nimbus'' Theobald. *''Anopheles mesopotamiae'' is considered to be a synonym of ''Anopheles hyrcanus''. *''Anopheles rossii'' Giles 1899 was originally described as ''Anopheles subpictus'' Grassi 1899. *''Bironella derooki'' is a synonym of ''Anopheles soesiloi''. The following are currently regarded as Nomen nudum, ''nomina nuda'': *''Anopheles (Anopheles) solomonensis'' Cumpston 1924 *''Anopheles (Cellia) melanotarsis'' Woodhill & Lee A subgroup of ''

'' ''sensu stricto'' has been reported and given the name ''Goundry''. This subgroup has not yet been elevated to species status.

References

External links

Mosquito Taxonomic Inventory page on ''Anopheles''

The Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit
{{Taxonbar, from=Q4223049 Anopheles, Taxonomy Diptera taxonomy