''Novosphingobium'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

Gram-negative bacteria Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that, unlike gram-positive bacteria, do not retain the Crystal violet, crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelo ...

that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can

degrade Degradation may refer to: Science * Degradation (geology), lowering of a fluvial surface by erosion * Degradation (telecommunications), of an electronic signal * Biodegradation of organic substances by living organisms * Environmental degradation ...

aromatic In organic chemistry, aromaticity is a chemical property describing the way in which a conjugated system, conjugated ring of unsaturated bonds, lone pairs, or empty orbitals exhibits a stabilization stronger than would be expected from conjugati ...

compounds such as

phenol Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile and can catch fire. The molecule consists of a phenyl group () ...

aniline Aniline (From , meaning ' indigo shrub', and ''-ine'' indicating a derived substance) is an organic compound with the formula . Consisting of a phenyl group () attached to an amino group (), aniline is the simplest aromatic amine. It is an in ...

nitrobenzene Nitrobenzene is an aromatic nitro compound and the simplest of the nitrobenzenes, with the chemical formula C6H5 NO2. It is a water-insoluble pale yellow oil with an almond-like odor. It freezes to give greenish-yellow crystals. It is produced ...

and

phenanthrene Phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with formula C14H10, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a colorless, crystal-like solid, but can also appear yellow. Phenanthrene is used to make dyes, plastics, pesticides, expl ...

. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in

Ulsan Bay Ulsan (; ), officially the Ulsan Metropolitan City, is South Korea's seventh-largest metropolitan city and the eighth-largest city overall, with a population of over 1.1 million inhabitants. It is located in the south-east of the country, neighbo ...

, similarly degrades

molecules of two to five rings.

Species

Accepted Species

''Novosphingobium'' comprises the following species: * '' Novosphingobium acidiphilum'' Glaeser ''et al''. 2009 * ''

Novosphingobium aquaticum ''Novosphingobium aquaticum'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from lake water in Suwon in Korea Korea is a peninsular region in East A ...

'' Glaeser ''et al''. 2013 * ''

Novosphingobium aquimarinum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsan ...

'' Le ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Novosphingobium aquiterrae ''Novosphingobium aquiterrae'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from ground water from Daejeon in Korea Korea is a p ...

'' Lee ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Novosphingobium arabidopsis ''Novosphingobium arabidopsis'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and aerobic bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from the rhizosphere of the plant ''Arabidopsis thaliana''. ''Novosphingobium arabidopsis'' is resist ...

'' Lin ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Novosphingobium aromaticivorans ''Novosphingobium aromaticivorans'' is a species of bacteria. It is an aromatic compound-degrading bacteria, it is gram-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile Motility is the ability of an organism to move independently using metabolic ene ...

'' corrig. (Balkwill ''et al''. 1997) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * ''

Novosphingobium arvoryzae ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Sheu ''et al''. 2018 * ''

Novosphingobium barchaimii ''Novosphingobium barchaimii'' is a bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from soil which was contaminated with hexachlorocyclohexane from the Spolana Neratovice plant in the Czech Republic The Czech Repub ...

'' Niharika ''et al''. 2013 * ''

Novosphingobium bradum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can biodegradation, degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was firs ...

'' Sheu ''et al''. 2016 * ''

Novosphingobium capsulatum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsan ...

'' (Leifson 1962) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * ''

Novosphingobium chloroacetimidivorans ''Novosphingobium chloroacetimidivorans'' is a Gram-negative, chloroacetamide-degrading and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from activated sludge from a wastewater treatment plant in Kunsha ...

'' Chen ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Novosphingobium clariflavum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Zhang ''et al''. 2017 * ''

Novosphingobium colocasiae ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Chen ''et al''. 2016 * ''

Novosphingobium endophyticum ''Novosphingobium endophyticum'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and aerobic bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from the roots of the plant ''Glycyrrhiza uralensis'' from Yuli County in China China, offi ...

'' Li ''et al''. 2016 * ''

Novosphingobium flavum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Nguyen ''et al''. 2016 * ''

Novosphingobium fluoreni ''Novosphingobium fluoreni'' is a Gram-negative, fluorene-degrading, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated rice seeds from Jiansanjiang in China China, officially the Peop ...

'' Gao ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Novosphingobium fontis ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Sheu ''et al''. 2017 * ''

Novosphingobium fuchskuhlense ''Novosphingobium fuchskuhlense'' is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from the lake Grosse Fuchskuhle in Brandenburg in Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic o ...

'' Glaeser ''et al''. 2013 * ''

Novosphingobium gossypii ''Novosphingobium gossypii'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from tissues from the plant ''Gossypium hirsutum'' (cotton Cotton (), first recorded in ...

'' Kämpfer ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Novosphingobium guangzhouense ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Sha ''et al''. 2017 * '' Novosphingobium hassiacum'' Kämpfer et al. 2002 * '' Novosphingobium humi'' Hyeon ''et al''. 2017 * '' Novosphingobium indicum'' Yuan ''et al''. 2009 * ''

Novosphingobium ipomoeae ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Chen ''et al''. 2017 * '' Novosphingobium kunmingense'' Xie ''et al''. 2014 * '' Novosphingobium lentum'' Tiirola ''et al''. 2005 * '' Novosphingobium lindaniclasticum'' Saxena ''et al''. 2013 * '' Novosphingobium lotistagni'' Ngo ''et al''. 2016 * '' Novosphingobium lubricantis'' Kämpfer ''et al''. 2018 * ''

Novosphingobium malaysiense ''Novosphingobium malaysiense'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from mangrove soil from the Tanjung Lumpur river in Pahang in Malaysia Malaysia i ...

'' Lee ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Novosphingobium marinum ''Novosphingobium marinum'' is a Gram-negative, Aerobic organism, aerobic and short rod-shaped bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from sea water from the Pacific Ocean. References External linksType strain of ...

'' Huo ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Novosphingobium mathurense ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Gupta ''et al''. 2009 * ''

Novosphingobium meiothermophilum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsan ...

'' Xian ''et al''. 2019 * '' Novosphingobium naphthae'' Chaudhary and Kim 2016 * ''

Novosphingobium naphthalenivorans ''Novosphingobium naphthalenivorans'' is a Gram-negative and strictly aerobic bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from soil which was contaminated with polychlorinated-dioxin in Japan. ''Novosphingobium naphthal ...

'' Suzuki and Hiraishi 2008 * '' Novosphingobium nitrogenifigens'' Addison ''et al''. 2007 * '' Novosphingobium olei'' Chaudhary ''et al''. 2021 * '' Novosphingobium oryzae'' Zhang ''et al''. 2016 * ''

Novosphingobium ovatum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsan ...

'' Chen ''et al''. 2020 * '' Novosphingobium panipatense'' Gupta ''et al''. 2009 * '' Novosphingobium pentaromativorans'' Sohn ''et al''. 2004 * '' Novosphingobium piscinae'' Sheu ''et al''. 2016 * '' Novosphingobium pokkalii'' Krishnan ''et al''. 2017 * '' Novosphingobium resinovorum'' (Delaporte and Daste 1956) Lim ''et al''. 2007 * ''

Novosphingobium rhizosphaerae ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Kämpfer ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Novosphingobium rosa ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' corrig. (Takeuchi ''et al''. 1995) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * ''

Novosphingobium sediminicola ''Novosphingobium sediminicola'' is a Gram-negative, short rod-shaped, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from freshwater sediments from the Lake Hakha in Korea Korea i ...

'' Baek ''et al''. 2011 * '' Novosphingobium silvae'' Feng ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Novosphingobium soli ''Novosphingobium soli'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus '' Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from oil-contaminated soil near an oil refinery in Kaohsiung County in Taiwan Taiwan, off ...

'' Kämpfer ''et al''. 2011 * '' Novosphingobium stygium'' corrig. (Balkwill ''et al''. 1997) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * '' Novosphingobium subterraneum'' corrig. (Balkwill ''et al''. 1997) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * '' Novosphingobium taihuense'' Liu ''et al''. 2005 * '' Novosphingobium umbonatum'' Sheu ''et al''. 2020

Provisional Species

The following species names have been published, but not validated according to the

Bacteriological Code The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) or Prokaryotic Code, formerly the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB) or Bacteriological Code (BC), governs the scientific names for Bacteria and Archaea.P. H. A. Sneath ...

: * "''Novosphingobium aquaticum''" Singh ''et al''. 2015 * "''Novosphingobium ginsenosidimutans''" Kim ''et al''. 2013 * "''Novosphingobium profundi''" Zhang ''et al''. 2017 * "''Novosphingobium sediminis''" Li ''et al''. 2012 * "''Novosphingobium tardum''" Chen ''et al''. 2015

References

Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria Bacteria genera Sphingomonadales {{Alphaproteobacteria-stub