''Novosphingobium'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

Gram-negative bacteria Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation. They are characterized by their cell envelopes, which are composed of a thin peptidoglycan cell wa ...

that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can

degrade Degradation may refer to: Science * Degradation (geology), lowering of a fluvial surface by erosion * Degradation (telecommunications), of an electronic signal * Biodegradation of organic substances by living organisms * Environmental degradatio ...

aromatic In chemistry, aromaticity is a chemical property of cyclic (ring-shaped), ''typically'' planar (flat) molecular structures with pi bonds in resonance (those containing delocalized electrons) that gives increased stability compared to sat ...

compounds such as

phenol Phenol (also called carbolic acid) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula . It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile. The molecule consists of a phenyl group () bonded to a hydroxy group (). Mildly acidic, it ...

aniline Aniline is an organic compound with the formula C6 H5 NH2. Consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amino group, aniline is the simplest aromatic amine. It is an industrially significant commodity chemical, as well as a versatile start ...

nitrobenzene Nitrobenzene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5 NO2. It is a water-insoluble pale yellow oil with an almond-like odor. It freezes to give greenish-yellow crystals. It is produced on a large scale from benzene as a precursor ...

and

phenanthrene Phenanthrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) with formula C14H10, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a colorless, crystal-like solid, but can also appear yellow. Phenanthrene is used to make dyes, plastics and pesticides, ...

. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsan Bay, similarly degrades

molecules of two to five rings.

Species

Accepted Species

''Novosphingobium'' comprises the following species: * '' Novosphingobium acidiphilum'' Glaeser ''et al''. 2009 * '' Novosphingobium aquaticum'' Glaeser ''et al''. 2013 * '' Novosphingobium aquimarinum'' Le ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Novosphingobium aquiterrae ''Novosphingobium aquiterrae'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from ground water from Daejeon in Korea Korea ( ko, ...

'' Lee ''et al''. 2014 * '' Novosphingobium arabidopsis'' Lin ''et al''. 2014 * '' Novosphingobium aromaticivorans'' corrig. (Balkwill ''et al''. 1997) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * ''

Novosphingobium arvoryzae ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Sheu ''et al''. 2018 * ''

Novosphingobium barchaimii ''Novosphingobium barchaimii'' is a bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from soil which was contaminated with hexachlorocyclohexane from the Spolana Neratovice plant in the Czech Republic The Czech Rep ...

'' Niharika ''et al''. 2013 * ''

Novosphingobium bradum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Sheu ''et al''. 2016 * '' Novosphingobium capsulatum'' (Leifson 1962) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * '' Novosphingobium chloroacetimidivorans'' Chen ''et al''. 2014 * '' Novosphingobium clariflavum'' Zhang ''et al''. 2017 * '' Novosphingobium colocasiae'' Chen ''et al''. 2016 * '' Novosphingobium endophyticum'' Li ''et al''. 2016 * '' Novosphingobium flavum'' Nguyen ''et al''. 2016 * ''

Novosphingobium fluoreni ''Novosphingobium fluoreni'' is a Gram-negative, fluorene-degrading, rod-shaped and non-spore In biology, a spore is a unit of sexual or asexual reproduction that may be adapted for dispersal and for survival, often for extended peri ...

'' Gao ''et al''. 2015 * '' Novosphingobium fontis'' Sheu ''et al''. 2017 * ''

Novosphingobium fuchskuhlense ''Novosphingobium fuchskuhlense'' is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from the lake Grosse Fuchskuhle in Brandenburg in Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic ...

'' Glaeser ''et al''. 2013 * ''

Novosphingobium gossypii ''Novosphingobium gossypii'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from tissues from the plant Gossypium hirsutum ''Gossypium hirsutum'', also known as upland ...

'' Kämpfer ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Novosphingobium guangzhouense ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ulsa ...

'' Sha ''et al''. 2017 * ''

Novosphingobium hassiacum ''Novosphingobium hassiacum'' is a Gram-negative bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline ...

'' Kämpfer et al. 2002 * '' Novosphingobium humi'' Hyeon ''et al''. 2017 * '' Novosphingobium indicum'' Yuan ''et al''. 2009 * ''

Novosphingobium ipomoeae ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Uls ...

'' Chen ''et al''. 2017 * '' Novosphingobium kunmingense'' Xie ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Novosphingobium lentum ''Novosphingobium lentum'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, psychrotolerant and non-motile bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from chlorophenol-contaminated groundwater in Finland Finl ...

'' Tiirola ''et al''. 2005 * '' Novosphingobium lindaniclasticum'' Saxena ''et al''. 2013 * ''

Novosphingobium lotistagni ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Ul ...

'' Ngo ''et al''. 2016 * '' Novosphingobium lubricantis'' Kämpfer ''et al''. 2018 * ''

Novosphingobium malaysiense ''Novosphingobium malaysiense'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from mangrove soil from the Tanjung Lumpur river in Pahang in Malaysia Malaysia ( ...

'' Lee ''et al''. 2014 * ''

Novosphingobium marinum ''Novosphingobium marinum'' is a Gram-negative, aerobic and short rod-shaped bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic comp ...

'' Huo ''et al''. 2015 * ''

Novosphingobium mathurense ''Novosphingobium mathurense'' is a Gram-negative and halophilic bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from oil-contaminated soil in Mathura in India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a ...

'' Gupta ''et al''. 2009 * '' Novosphingobium meiothermophilum'' Xian ''et al''. 2019 * '' Novosphingobium naphthae'' Chaudhary and Kim 2016 * '' Novosphingobium naphthalenivorans'' Suzuki and Hiraishi 2008 * '' Novosphingobium nitrogenifigens'' Addison ''et al''. 2007 * '' Novosphingobium olei'' Chaudhary ''et al''. 2021 * '' Novosphingobium oryzae'' Zhang ''et al''. 2016 * '' Novosphingobium ovatum'' Chen ''et al''. 2020 * ''

Novosphingobium panipatense ''Novosphingobium panipatense'' is a Gram-negative and halophilic bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from oil-contaminated soil in Panipat Panipat () is a historic city in Haryana, India. It is 95 km ...

'' Gupta ''et al''. 2009 * '' Novosphingobium pentaromativorans'' Sohn ''et al''. 2004 * '' Novosphingobium piscinae'' Sheu ''et al''. 2016 * ''

Novosphingobium pokkalii ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Uls ...

'' Krishnan ''et al''. 2017 * ''

Novosphingobium resinovorum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Uls ...

'' (Delaporte and Daste 1956) Lim ''et al''. 2007 * ''

Novosphingobium rhizosphaerae ''Novosphingobium rhizosphaerae'' is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from the rhizosphere of the corn plant ''Zea mays'' in Tallassee, Alabama in the United S ...

'' Kämpfer ''et al''. 2015 * '' Novosphingobium rosa'' corrig. (Takeuchi ''et al''. 1995) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * '' Novosphingobium sediminicola'' Baek ''et al''. 2011 * ''

Novosphingobium silvae ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Uls ...

'' Feng ''et al''. 2020 * '' Novosphingobium soli'' Kämpfer ''et al''. 2011 * ''

Novosphingobium stygium ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in ...

'' corrig. (Balkwill ''et al''. 1997) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * '' Novosphingobium subterraneum'' corrig. (Balkwill ''et al''. 1997) Takeuchi ''et al''. 2001 * ''

Novosphingobium taihuense ''Novosphingobium taihuense'' is a bacterium from the genus ''Novosphingobium'' which has been isolated from lake sediments from the Taihu Lake in China. ''Novosphingobium taihuense'' has the ability to degrade phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene, 4- ...

'' Liu ''et al''. 2005 * ''

Novosphingobium umbonatum ''Novosphingobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that includes ''N. taihuense'', which can degrade aromatic compounds such as phenol, aniline, nitrobenzene and phenanthrene. The species ''N. aromativorans'', which was first found in Uls ...

'' Sheu ''et al''. 2020

Provisional Species

The following species names have been published, but not validated according to the

Bacteriological Code The International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) formerly the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB) or Bacteriological Code (BC) governs the scientific names for Bacteria and Archaea.P. H. A. Sneath, 2003. A short histor ...

: * "''Novosphingobium aquaticum''" Singh ''et al''. 2015 * "''Novosphingobium ginsenosidimutans''" Kim ''et al''. 2013 * "''Novosphingobium profundi''" Zhang ''et al''. 2017 * "''Novosphingobium sediminis''" Li ''et al''. 2012 * "''Novosphingobium tardum''" Chen ''et al''. 2015

References

Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria Bacteria genera Sphingomonadales {{Alphaproteobacteria-stub