Nimat Allah Al-Harawi
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Ni'mat Allah al-Harawi (also known as Niamatullah; ) was a chronicler at the court of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir where he compiled a Persian history of the
Afghans Afghans (; ) are the citizens and nationals of Afghanistan, as well as their descendants in the Afghan diaspora. The country is made up of various ethnic groups, of which Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras, and Uzbeks are the largest. The three main lan ...
, the '' Tarikh-i-Khan-Jahani''. He was a '' waqia navis'' (news-writer) in the Mughal service, and belonged to an urban Iranian family hailing from Herat. The original material for the book was provided by Haibat Khan of Samana, under whose patronage Nimatullah made the compilation c. 1612. The original material was later published separately as '' Tarikh-i-Khan Jahani Makhzan-i-Afghani''. The first part of both books are the same, but the latter part contains an additional history of Jehan Lodi. The material is part fictional, part historical. The book is a major source of tradition relating to the origins of the Pashtun. It also covers Pashtun rulers in
Bengal Bengal ( ) is a Historical geography, historical geographical, ethnolinguistic and cultural term referring to a region in the Eastern South Asia, eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal. The region of Benga ...
, contemporary events, and Pashtun
hagiography A hagiography (; ) is a biography of a saint or an ecclesiastical leader, as well as, by extension, an adulatory and idealized biography of a preacher, priest, founder, saint, monk, nun or icon in any of the world's religions. Early Christian ...
. Nimat Allah divided Afghans into three major lineages: Bettani, Sarbani and Gharghusht. He did not mention any tribe from the modern day's fourth confederacy of Pashtuns, the Karlani. It may be either because Karlani tribes were not Pashtunized yet or were not founded yet as a Pashtun confederation during the 17th century or he was not aware of them.


English translations

A translation appeared in 1836 by Bernhard Dorn which had two parts.Oriental Translation Fund, London There is another partial translation from 1958, Nirodbhusan Roy titled, ''Niamatullah's History of the Afghans''. A translation in two volumes by S. M. Imamuddin appeared in
Dhaka Dhaka ( or ; , ), List of renamed places in Bangladesh, formerly known as Dacca, is the capital city, capital and list of cities and towns in Bangladesh, largest city of Bangladesh. It is one of the list of largest cities, largest and list o ...
, 1960–62.


See also

* Assyrian captivity *
History of ancient Israel and Judah The history of ancient Israel and Judah spans from the early appearance of the Israelites in Canaan's hill country during the late second millennium BCE, to the establishment and subsequent downfall of the two Israelite kingdoms in the mi ...


References


External links


History of the Afghans, Volume 1 (Oriental Translation-Fund, 1829)Nikmat Allah
{{Authority control Pashtun society 17th-century Indian historians Historians of Afghanistan