Nebius Group N.V., headquartered in

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , ; ; ) is the capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, largest city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It has a population of 933,680 in June 2024 within the city proper, 1,457,018 in the City Re ...

, is a holding company that own
Nebius.AI
Toloka, Avride
TripleTen
and minority stakes in other companies focused on

artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is the capability of computer, computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. It is a field of re ...

. It also owns a

data center A data center is a building, a dedicated space within a building, or a group of buildings used to house computer systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems. Since IT operations are crucial for busines ...

Mäntsälä Mäntsälä () is a municipality in the province of Southern Finland, and is part of the Uusimaa region. It has a population of () and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is . The municipality is unilingually Finni ...

, Finland, a

GPU cluster A GPU cluster is a computer cluster in which each node is equipped with a graphics processing unit (GPU). By harnessing the computational power of modern GPUs via general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU), very fast calculation ...

at an

Equinix Equinix Inc. is an American multinational company headquartered in Redwood City, California. It specializes in internet connectivity and colocation centres, also referred to as carrier hotels. The company converted to a real estate investment t ...

data center in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

, a GPU cluster at a data center in

Kansas City, Missouri Kansas City, Missouri, abbreviated KC or KCMO, is the largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri by List of cities in Missouri, population and area. The city lies within Jackson County, Missouri, Jackson, Clay County, Missouri, Clay, and Pl ...

, under construction, and a 300MW data center in

Vineland, New Jersey Vineland is a City (New Jersey), city and the most populous municipality in Cumberland County, New Jersey, Cumberland County, within the U.S. state of New Jersey. Bridgeton, New Jersey, Bridgeton and Vineland are the two principal cities of the ...

, under construction. The company was formed in 1989 as Yandex N.V. by

Arkady Volozh Arkady Yuryevich Volozh (; born 11 February 1964) is a Russian businessman, technology entrepreneur, computer scientist, investor and philanthropist. He pioneered the development of search and navigation technology as well as intelligent produc ...

as a holding company for

Yandex Yandex LLC ( rus, Яндекс, r=Yandeks, p=ˈjandəks) is a Russian technology company that provides Internet-related products and services including a web browser, search engine, cloud computing, web mapping, online food ordering, streaming ...

. In July 2024, due to

international sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine Following the full declaration of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which started on 24 February 2022, institutions such as the United States, the European Union, and other Western countries introduced or significantly expanded sanctions coveri ...

, it sold Yandex to a consortium of Russian investors, retaining several businesses that operated outside of Russia, and was renamed Nebius Group.

History

The company was formed in 1989 as Yandex N.V. by

as a holding company for

. On May 24, 2011, the company raised $1.3 billion in an

initial public offering An initial public offering (IPO) or stock launch is a public offering in which shares of a company are sold to institutional investors and usually also to retail (individual) investors. An IPO is typically underwritten by one or more investm ...

NASDAQ The Nasdaq Stock Market (; National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) is an American stock exchange based in New York City. It is the most active stock trading venue in the U.S. by volume, and ranked second on the list ...

, the biggest initial public offering for a

dot-com company A dot-com company, or simply a dot-com (alternatively rendered dot.com, dot com, dotcom or .com), is a company that conducts most of its businesses on the Internet, usually through a website on the World Wide Web that uses the popular top-level dom ...

since

Google Google LLC (, ) is an American multinational corporation and technology company focusing on online advertising, search engine technology, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, consumer electronics, and artificial ...

's offering in 2004. At that time,

Baring Vostok Capital Partners Baring Vostok Capital Partners is the largest independent private equity firm focused on investments in Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States. The Baring Vostok Private Equity Funds invest across a broad range of industries including ...

owned a 35% stake in the company and Tiger Technologies owned a 15% stake. In February 2022, the company's securities were suspended for trading on the

Nasdaq The Nasdaq Stock Market (; National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) is an American stock exchange based in New York City. It is the most active stock trading venue in the U.S. by volume, and ranked second on the list ...

due to

. In July 2024, it sold Yandex to a consortium of Russian investors, retaining several businesses that operated outside of Russia, and was renamed Nebius Group. In October 2024, its shares resumed trading on the

References

{{Reflist 1989 establishments in the Netherlands Companies based in Amsterdam Companies listed on the Nasdaq Information technology companies of the Netherlands Technology companies established in 1989