''Nanovirus'' is a genus of

viruses A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are found in almo ...

, in the family ''

Nanoviridae ''Nanoviridae'' is a family of viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts. The family contains 2 genera. Diseases associated with this family include: stunting. Taxonomy The recognized genera are: * '' Babuvirus'' * '' Nanovirus'' Virus structure ...

''.

Legume Legumes are plants in the pea family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seeds of such plants. When used as a dry grain for human consumption, the seeds are also called pulses. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consum ...

plants serve as natural hosts. There are 12 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: stunting, severe necrosis and early plant death.

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species: * ''Nanovirus astragali'', Milk vetch dwarf virus * ''Nanovirus astragalirani'', Milk vetch chlorotic dwarf virus * ''Nanovirus flavipisi'', Pea yellow stunt virus * ''Nanovirus flaviviciae'',

Faba bean yellow leaf virus ''Vicia faba'', commonly known as the broad bean, fava bean, or faba bean, is a species of vetch, a flowering plant in the pea and bean family Fabaceae. It is widely cultivated as a crop for human consumption, and also as a cover crop. Varieti ...

* ''Nanovirus medicagonis'',

Black medic leaf roll virus Black is a color that results from the absence or complete absorption of visible light. It is an achromatic color, without chroma, like white and grey. It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness.Eva Heller, ''Psyc ...

* ''Nanovirus necroflaviviciae'',

Faba bean necrotic yellows virus Faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) is a nanovirus disease of legumes. Range Algeria, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey, Yemen, Spain and Balearic Is ...

* ''Nanovirus necropisi'',

Pea necrotic yellow dwarf virus Pea (''pisum'' in Latin) is a pulse or fodder crop, but the word often refers to the seed or sometimes the pod of this flowering plant species. Peas are eaten as a vegetable. Carl Linnaeus gave the species the scientific name ''Pisum sativum' ...

* ''Nanovirus necropumiliviciae'',

Faba bean necrotic stunt virus Faba bean necrotic stunt virus (FBNSV) is a pathogenic plant virus of the family ''Nanoviridae''. Its infection cycle is remarkable because it has eight segments, each carried in a different particle, that can replicate independently in different ...

* ''Nanovirus petroselini'',

Parsley severe stunt associated virus Parsley, or garden parsley (''Petroselinum crispum''), is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae that is native to Greece, Morocco and the former Yugoslavia. It has been introduced and naturalized in Europe and elsewhere in the w ...

* ''Nanovirus sophorae'',

Sophora yellow stunt virus ''Sophora'' is a genus of about 45 species of small trees and shrubs in the pea family Fabaceae. The species have a pantropical distribution. The generic name is derived from ''sophera'', an Arabic name for a pea-flowered tree. The genus formerl ...

* ''Nanovirus trifolii'',

Subterranean clover stunt virus Subterranean(s) or The Subterranean(s) may refer to: * Subterranea (geography), underground structures, both natural and man-made Literature * ''Subterranean'' (novel), a 1998 novel by James Rollins * ''Subterranean Magazine'', an American fa ...

* ''Nanovirus viciacraccae'',

Cow vetch latent virus Cattle (''Bos taurus'') are large, domesticated, bovid ungulates widely kept as livestock. They are prominent modern members of the subfamily Bovinae and the most widespread species of the genus ''Bos''. Mature female cattle are called cow ...

Structure and genome

Virions in the genus ''Nanovirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and round geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 18-19 nm. The genome is

multipartite Multipartite is a class of virus that have segmented nucleic acid genomes, with each segment of the genome enclosed in a separate viral particle. Only a few ssDNA viruses have multipartite genomes, but a many more RNA viruses have multipartite gen ...

, and the genome components (6 or 8, depending on the genus) are circular, around 1kb in length, essentially carry only one gene, and are individually encapsidated forming small icosahedral virions (18–20 nm).

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the ssDNA rolling circle model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export, and tubule-guided viral movement. Legume plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (the virus does not replicate in this). Transmission routes are vector.

References

External links

ICTV Report: ''Nanoviridae''

{{Taxonbar, from=Q18819832 Nanoviridae Virus genera