''Nangra'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

sisorid catfish Sisoridae is a family of catfishes. These Asian catfishes live in fast-moving waters and often have adaptations that allow them to adhere to objects in their habitats. The family includes about 235 species. Taxonomy The family Sisoridae is recog ...

es native to

Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...

Species

There are currently five recognized species in this genus: * '' Nangra assamensis'' Sen & B. K. Biswas, 1994 * '' Nangra bucculenta'' Roberts &

Ferraris Ferrari S.p.A. (; ) is an Italian luxury sports car manufacturer based in Maranello. Founded in 1939 by Enzo Ferrari (1898–1988), the company built Auto Avio Costruzioni 815, its first car in 1940, adopted its current name in 1945, and be ...

, 1998 * '' Nangra nangra'' (

Hamilton Hamilton may refer to: * Alexander Hamilton (1755/1757–1804), first U.S. Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States * ''Hamilton'' (musical), a 2015 Broadway musical by Lin-Manuel Miranda ** ''Hamilton'' (al ...

, 1822) * '' Nangra ornata'' Roberts &

, 1998 * '' Nangra robusta''

Mirza Mirza may refer to: * Mirza (name), a name derived from a historical royal and noble title * ''Mirza'' (lemur), a genus of giant mouse lemurs * "Mirza", a 1965 French-language song by Nino Ferrer * Mirza, Kamrup, a town in Assam, India * Mirza me ...

& Awan, 1973

Distribution

''Nangra'' species are distributed in the

Indus The Indus ( ) is a transboundary river of Asia and a trans- Himalayan river of South and Central Asia. The river rises in mountain springs northeast of Mount Kailash in the Western Tibet region of China, flows northwest through the dis ...

Ganges The Ganges ( ; in India: Ganga, ; in Bangladesh: Padma, ). "The Ganges Basin, known in India as the Ganga and in Bangladesh as the Padma, is an international which goes through India, Bangladesh, Nepal and China." is a trans-boundary rive ...

Meghna The Meghna () is one of the major rivers in Bangladesh, one of the three that form the Ganges Delta, the largest delta on earth, which fans out to the Bay of Bengal. A part of the Surma-Meghna River System, the Meghna is formed inside Bangladesh ...

, and Bramhputra drainages in

Pakistan Pakistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of over 241.5 million, having the Islam by country# ...

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

Bangladesh Bangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by population, eighth-most populous country in the world and among the List of countries and dependencies by ...

, and

Nepal Nepal, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region of China Ch ...

. ''N. assamensis'' inhabits the Ganges and Brahmaputra drainages in India. ''N. bucculenta'' originates from the Ganges drainage in Bangladesh. ''N. nangra'' is known from the Indus, Ganges and Bramhputra drainages in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Nepal. ''N. ornata'' lives in the Meghna drainage in Bangladesh. ''N. robusta'' is from the Indus drainage in Pakistan.

Description

''Nangra'' is distinguished from all sisorids by having maxillary barbels that extend beyond the base of the

pectoral fin Fins are moving appendages protruding from the body of fish that interact with water to generate thrust and help the fish aquatic locomotion, swim. Apart from the tail or caudal fin, fish fins have no direct connection with the vertebral column ...

(vs. extending no further than the pectoral-fin base), by having very long nasal barbels in which the barbel length is much greater than the eye diameter and often as long as the head (vs. length less than the eye diameter), and by having

palatal The palate () is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly sepa ...

teeth. ''Nangra'' species have a depressed head, dorsolateral eyes, an elongated snout, small conical teeth in the lower jaw, branchiostegal membranes free from the

isthmus An isthmus (; : isthmuses or isthmi) is a narrow piece of land connecting two larger areas across an expanse of water by which they are otherwise separated. A tombolo is an isthmus that consists of a spit or bar, and a strait is the sea count ...

, no serrations on anterior margin of pectoral spine (but serrate posteriorly), and a well-developed maxillary barbel membrane. ''N. bucculenta'' grows to about 3.4

centimetre upright=1.35, Different lengths as in respect to the electromagnetic spectrum, measured by the metre and its derived scales. The microwave is in-between 1 meter to 1 millimeter. A centimetre (International spelling) or centimeter (American ...

s (1.3 in) SL. ''N. nangra'' grows to about TL. ''N. ornata'' grows to about SL. ''N. robusta'' grows to about SL.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q10594289 Sisoridae Freshwater fish genera Fish of Bangladesh Fish of India Fish of Nepal Fish of Pakistan Catfish genera Taxa named by Francis Day