Nanded is a city in
Maharashtra
Maharashtra () is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. It is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Indian states of Karnataka and Goa to the south, Telangana to th ...
state, India. It is the
tenth largest city in the state and the
seventy-ninth most populated city in India. It is the second largest city in Marathwada region. It is the district headquarters of
Nanded district.
Guru Gobind Singh established camp in Nanded and the Gurgaddi was transferred from him to Guru Granth Sahib. One of the
Panj Takhts of Sikhi,
Hazur Sahib is located in the city of Nanded. It was here that
Guru Gobind Singh initiated Madho Daas whom became
Banda Singh Bahadur one of the famous leaders of the
Khalsa Panth whom played a role during the downfall of the
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an Early modern period, early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the northwest, and Kashmir in the north, to ...
.
Location
Nanded is located on the banks of river
Godavari in west-central India. Nanded district borders
Latur district,
Parbhani district and
Hingoli district to the west and
Yavatmal district to the north. The district is bordered by the
Nizamabad,
Kamareddy,
Nirmal and
Adilabad districts of Telangana state to the east and
Bidar district of Karnataka state to the south.
Nanded has two parts: Old Nanded occupies the north bank of the
Godavari river; New Nanded, to the south of the river, encompasses Waghala and neighbourhoods.
Etymology
From a
copper plate inscription found at
Washim, a town approximately north of Nanded, archaeologists deduce the city was formerly known as (). Another name was . Folklore suggests that the name "Nanded" developed from the
Vahana
''Vāhana'' () or ''vahanam'' () denotes the being, typically an animal or mythical entity, a particular Hindus, Hindu deity is said to use as a vehicle. In this capacity, the vāhana is often called the deity's "mount". Upon the partnership b ...
of
Shiva. Shiva was said to have performed penance on the banks () of the Godavari river. This "" later became "Nanded".
History
In the 1st century CE, power in the area lay with the
Andhrabhrtyas and
Satvahanas.
In the 5th and 4th centuries BCE, Nanded was ruled by the
Nanda dynasty. In the 3rd century BCE (about 272 to 231 BCE), it was part of the
Maurya Empire
The Maurya Empire was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in South Asia with its power base in Magadha. Founded by Chandragupta Maurya around c. 320 BCE, it existed in loose-knit fashion until 185 BCE. The primary source ...
under
Ashoka. Local irrigation practices and Nanded itself are recorded in the treatise, ''
Leela Charitra'' (late 1200s CE).
Nanded was the birthplace of three Marathi poet-saints—Vishnupant Shesa, Raghunath Shesa, and Vaman Pandit Construction of
Kandhar Fort, located in
Kandhar, is attributed to the
Rashtrakuta king Krishna III of
Malkheda who ruled around 10th century CE.
From 1636, Nanded was the centre of governance of Nizam State, which included parts of present-day
Telangana and
Karnataka
Karnataka ( ) is a States and union territories of India, state in the southwestern region of India. It was Unification of Karnataka, formed as Mysore State on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, States Re ...
, and was an imperial province of the
Mughal Badshah (emperor)
Shah Jahan. In 1657, Nanded merged into Bidah Subah.
Guru Nanak (1469 1539 CE) passed through Nanded on his way to
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...
.
Guru Gobind Singh (1666 1708 CE) arrived in Nanded with the
Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah I (1643 1712 CE) near the end of August in 1707 CE. When Bahadur Shah moved on to
Golconda, Guru Gobind Singh remained in Nanded. Guru Gobind Singh proclaimed he was the last (tenth) living guru and established the sacred text, the
Guru Granth Sahib as an eternal "living" leader. Guru Gobind Singh died without a
lineal descendant
A lineal or direct descendant, in legal usage, is a blood relative in a person's direct line of descent – the children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren, etc. In a legal procedure sense, lineal descent refers to the acquisition of estate ...
due to the
martyrdom of his four sons.
In 1725, Nanded became part of
Hyderabad State.
In about 1835,
Maharaja
Maharaja (also spelled Maharajah or Maharaj; ; feminine: Maharani) is a royal title in Indian subcontinent, Indian subcontinent of Sanskrit origin. In modern India and Medieval India, medieval northern India, the title was equivalent to a pri ...
Ranjit Singh commissioned the construction of a
gurdwara at Nanded with the financial aid of
Sikander Jah (3rd
Nizam of hyderabad)
It was built on the site of Guru Gobind Singh's
cremation
Cremation is a method of Disposal of human corpses, final disposition of a corpse through Combustion, burning.
Cremation may serve as a funeral or post-funeral rite and as an alternative to burial. In some countries, including India, Nepal, and ...
. The gurdwara is part of the
Hazur Sahib.
After India
gained independence in 1947, the
Indian Armed Forces annexed Hyderabad and ended the rule of the Nizam in
Operation Polo, making Nanded part of the
new Hyderabad State. Nanded remained part of the Hyderabad state until 1956 when it was included in the
Bombay Presidency.
On 1 May 1960,
Maharashtra
Maharashtra () is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. It is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Indian states of Karnataka and Goa to the south, Telangana to th ...
state was created on a linguistic basis and the Marathi dominant Nanded district became part of Maharashtra.
In December 2022, 25 Nanded district villages renewed their demand to merge with
Telangana.
Geography
Nanded urban area is . Nanded is built on the Deccan Traps lava flows of the upper cretaceous to lower eocene eras. The lava flows are overlain by thin alluvial deposits. The lava flows are horizontal and each flow has two distinct units. The highly weathered vesicular trap and underlying weathered jointed and fractured massive trap constitutes the main water-yielding zones. The soil is mostly formed from igneous rocks and are black, medium black, shallow and calcareous types having different depths and profiles.
Godavari River passes through the city.
Climate
Nanded has a
tropical savanna climate (
Köppen climate classification ''Aw'') bordering a
hot semi-arid climate (''BSh'').
Demographics
2011 census, Nanded had a population of 550,564. The municipality had a gender ratio of 924 females per 1,000 males. 12.4 percent of the population were under six years old. Effective
literacy was 87.40 percent. 81.74 percent of women were literate. Male literacy was 92.68 percent.
Transport
Road
Nanded lies on
NH 61 (Kalyan–Ahmednagar–Parbhani–Nanded–Nirmal),
NH 361 (Nagpur–Wardha-Yavatmal–Nanded-Latur–Solapur–Sangli–Kolhapur–Ratnagiri) and
NH 161 (Akola–Washim–Hingoli–Nanded–Degloor–Sangareddy). MSRTC buses connect Nanded to many cities of the Maharashtra state. TSRTC buses connect Nanded to some cities of the Telangana state.
Rail
Hazur Sahib Nanded railway station is located on the
Secunderabad–Manmad line of
Nanded railway division of the
South Central Railway Zone (SCR). Nanded railway division is one of the six railway divisions under
South Central Railway zone of
Indian Railways
Indian Railways is a state-owned enterprise that is organised as a departmental undertaking of the Ministry of Railways (India), Ministry of Railways of the Government of India and operates India's national railway system. , it manages the fou ...
. Around 48 trains arrive and depart each day from this station.
Maltekdi railway station is another railway station serving city of Nanded.
Air
Shri Guru Gobind Singh Ji Airport operates flights to Delhi, Jodhpur, Bangalore, Pune, Nagpur, Ahmedabad, Jaipur and Hyderabad. Star Airways operates the flights.
Economy
Crops grown around Nanded include cotton, bananas, sugarcane, mangoes, soya beans, sweet limes, Grapes, Papaya, and
sorghum
''Sorghum bicolor'', commonly called sorghum () and also known as great millet, broomcorn, guinea corn, durra, imphee, jowar, or milo, is a species in the Poaceae, grass genus ''Sorghum (genus), Sorghum'' cultivated for its grain. The grain i ...
(jawar). Nanded has a Regional Cotton Research Center to support the Cotton-growing industry. There is an agricultural school operational under the aegis of Krishi Vidyapeeth of Parbhani.
Tourism is supported by 10 million annual visitors who are mostly religious pilgrims.
Education
On 17 September 1994, the
Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University (SRTMU) was established in Nanded after a restructuring of the
Marathwada University in Aurangabad. The university supervises the educational activities in senior colleges in four districts of Marathwada division.
Notable educational institutions in Nanded include the
Dr. Shankarrao Chavan Government Medical College and
Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology.
Governance
The city of Nanded is managed by the
Nanded-Waghala Municipal Corporation (NWCMC). The corporation consists of 81 democratically elected members. The
Municipal Commissioner is the Chief Executive of the corporation.
Tourism
Nanded fort
Nanded Fort, also known as Nandgiri Fort is located on the banks of the Godavari River. The Godavari River encircles the fort on three sides. The fort has been converted into a garden to attract tourists. There is a water tank constructed in the fort.
Mandir
The
Vedic rituals are regularly performed on the ghats of
Godavari River which include Urvashi Ghat, Ram Ghat, and Govardhan Ghat.
[Nanded guruwara](_blank)
Maharashtra tourism, Government of India.
* The home minister of India Shri Shankaraoji bhauraoji chavan saheb samadhi wadgao near wajegaon
* Shri Laxmi Narsimha Mandir, Old Mondha, New Bridge.
* Kaleshwar Mandir, Vishnupuri
* Shani Mandir, Mondha
* Yagyavalkya Vedpathshala Saraswati Mandir, Shree Nagar
* Shri Yadav Ahir Samaj Mahamai Mata Mandir, Devinagar
* Ganpati Mandir, Trikut
* Hanuman Mandir, Trikut
* Datta Mandir, Trikut
* Shri Kheshtra Renuka Mata Mandir, Mahurgarh
* Siddheshwar Mandir, Hottal built during the Chalukya era, an example of Hemadpanti temple architecture.
* Shiva Mandir, Tadkhel, Degloor Taluka built with large stones displaying scripture by the Hindu king, Senapati.
* Jagdamba Mata Mandir, Tadkhel
* Shri Narsinh Mandir, Junna Kautha.
Gurdwara
*
Hazur Sahib was built by
Maharaja Ranjit Singh. It is one of the ''
Panj Takht'', the five seats of higher authority for Sikhs. It is built at the site of cremation of Guru Gobind Singh. His remains and weapons are preserved at the site.
* Gurdwara Nagina Ghat Sahib
* Gurdwara Banda Ghat Sahib (Baba Banda Singh Bahadur)
* Gurdwara Shikaar Ghat Sahib
* Gurdwara Baoli Sahib
* Gurdwara Heera Ghat
* Gurdwara Mata Sahib
* Gurdwara Maal Tekdi
* Gurdwara Sangat Sahib
* Gurdwara Nanakpuri Sahib (place of Guru Nanak)
* Gurdwara Bhajangarh Sahib
Church
* St. Francis De Sales Catholic Church
* Methodist Church
* Bethel AG Church
* The Pentecostal Mission (Church)
* Bethesda Ministries Church
Notable people
*
Banda Singh Bahadur, a Sikh military commander.
*
Datta Bhagat, an Ambedkarite author.
*
Ashok Chavan, former Chief Minister of Maharashtra state and former Member of Parliament of the Nanded Loksabha constituency and current member of Rajya Sabha.
*
Shankarrao Chavan, the former Chief minister for 15 years,पाटबंधारे मंत्री also and former Home minister of Maharashtra state. the highest second largest Post of India was home minister for 10 years
*
Prataprao Govindrao Chikhalikar, former Member of Parliament and former MLA
*
Ajit Gopchade, Member of Parliament and former MLA,
Karsevak
*
Syed Sadatullah Husaini, president (
Amir) of
Jamaat-e-Islami Hind (JIH).
*
Kamalkishor Kadam, a former minister of education.
*
Nagnath Lalujirao Kottapalle, former Vice-chancellor of
BAMU, an educationalist and an author.
*
Narhar Ambadas Kurundkar, a scholar, critic and author.
*
Vaman Pandit, a Marathi scholar and a poet.
*
Guru Gobind Singh, the last
Sikh Guru who died in Nanded.
See also
*
Marathwada
References
External links
{{Authority control
Hyderabad State
Cities and towns in Nanded district
Nanded district
Talukas in Maharashtra
Places situated on the banks of the Godavari river