Rotavirus Rotaviruses are the most common cause of diarrhea, diarrhoeal disease among infants and young children. Nearly every child in the world is infected with a rotavirus at least once by the age of five. Immunity (medical), Immunity develops with ...

protein NSP3 (NS34) is bound to the 3' end consensus sequence of viral mRNAs in infected cells. Four

nucleotides Nucleotides are Organic compound, organic molecules composed of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a phosphate. They serve as monomeric units of the nucleic acid polymers – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both o ...

are the minimal requirement for RNA recognition by rotavirus

nonstructural protein In virology, a nonstructural protein is a protein encoded by a virus but that is not part of the viral particle. They typically include the various enzymes and transcription factors the virus uses to replicate itself, such as a viral protease ( 3CL ...

NSP3: using short oligoribonucleotides, it was established that the minimal

RNA Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA). RNA and deoxyrib ...

sequence required for binding of NSP3A is GACC. Rotavirus RNA-binding protein NSP3 interacts with eIF4GI and evicts the poly(A)-binding protein from

eIF4F Eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) is a heterotrimeric protein complex that binds the Five-prime cap, 5' cap of Messenger RNA, messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to promote eukaryotic translation initiation. The eIF4F complex is composed of three non-i ...

. And NSP3A, by taking the place of PABP on eIF4GI, is responsible for the shut-off of cellular protein synthesis. Expression of NSP3 in mammalian cells allows the efficient

translation Translation is the communication of the semantics, meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The English la ...

of virus-like mRNA: NSP3 forms a link between viral mRNA and the cellular translation machinery and hence is a functional analogue of cellular poly(A)-binding protein. Site-directed mutagenesis and isothermal titration calorimetry documented that NSP3 and PABP use analogous eIF4G recognition strategies, despite marked differences in tertiary structure. Using the yeast two-hybrid assay,

RoXan RoXaN (Rotavirus 'X'-associated non-structural protein) also known as ZC3H7B (zinc finger CCCH-type containing 7B), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ZC3H7B'' gene. RoXaN is a protein that contains tetratricopeptide repeat and le ...

a novel cellular protein was found to bind NSP3. The interaction between NSP3 and RoXaN does not impair the interaction between NSP3 and eIF4GI, and a ternary complex made of NSP3, RoXaN, and eIF4G I can be detected in rotavirus-infected cells, implicating RoXaN in translation regulation.

References

{{reflist Rotaviruses RNA-binding proteins Viral nonstructural proteins