Myricitrin is a plant compound, the 3-''O''-α-L-rhamnopyranoside of

myricetin Myricetin is a member of the flavonoid class of polyphenolic compounds, with antioxidant properties. Common dietary sources include vegetables (including tomatoes), fruits (including oranges), nuts, berries, tea, and red wine. Myricetin is stru ...

Occurrences

It can be isolated from the root bark of ''

Myrica cerifera ''Myrica cerifera'' is an evergreen tree or large shrub native to North and Central America and the Caribbean. Its common names include southern wax myrtle, southern bayberry, candleberry, bayberry tree, and tallow shrub. It has uses in the garde ...

'' (bayberry, a small tree native to North America), in ''

Myrica esculenta ''Myrica esculenta'' is a tree or large shrub of the tropics. The native range of this species stretches from Northern India (Uttarakhand) to Nepal to southern China and western and central Malesia. Its common names include box myrtle, bayberry ...

'', in ''

Nymphaea lotus ''Nymphaea lotus'', the white Egyptian lotus, tiger lotus, white lotus, or Egyptian water-lily, is a flowering plant of the family Nymphaeaceae. Distribution It grows in various parts of East Africa and Southeast Asia. ''Nymphaea lotus'' var. ' ...

'' and '' N. odorata'', in ''

Chrysobalanus icaco ''Chrysobalanus icaco'', the cocoplum, paradise plum, abajeru or icaco, also called fat pork in Trinidad and Tobago, is a low shrub or bushy tree found near sea beaches and inland throughout tropical Africa, tropical Americas and the Caribbean, ...

'' and in ''

Polygonum aviculare ''Polygonum aviculare'' or common knotgrass is a plant related to buckwheat and dock. It is also called prostrate knotweed, birdweed, pigweed and lowgrass. It is an annual found in fields and wasteland, with white flowers from June to October. I ...

''. Myricitrin is used by several beetle species in their communication system. These include '' Plagioderma versicolora'', ''

Agelastica coerulea ''Agelastica'' is a genus of beetles in the family Chrysomelidae. It has two members, ''Agelastica alni ''Agelastica alni'', the alder leaf beetle, is a species of leaf beetle (Chrysomelidae) in the genus '' Agelastica''. ''Agelastica alni'' i ...

'', '' Atrachya menetrisi'', '' Altica nipponica'', ''

Altica oleracea ''Altica oleracea'', known by the common name deep green leaf beetle, is a species of leaf beetle belonging to the family Chrysomelidae, subfamily Galerucinae. Etymology Its specific name (zoology), specific name ''oleracea'' means "related to v ...

'', '' Gastrolina depressa''.

Pharmacology

Myricitrin is a

nitric oxide Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide, nitrogen monooxide, or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula . It is one of the principal oxides of nitrogen. Nitric oxide is a free radical: it has an unpaired electron, which is sometimes den ...

and

protein kinase C In cell biology, protein kinase C, commonly abbreviated to PKC (EC 2.7.11.13), is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and t ...

inhibitor and exhibits

antipsychotic Antipsychotics, previously known as neuroleptics and major tranquilizers, are a class of Psychiatric medication, psychotropic medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), p ...

-like and

anxiolytic An anxiolytic (; also antipanic or anti-anxiety agent) is a medication or other intervention that reduces anxiety. This effect is in contrast to anxiogenic agents which increase anxiety. Anxiolytic medications are used for the treatment of anxie ...

-like effects in

animal model An animal model (short for animal disease model) is a living, non-human, often genetic-engineered animal used during the research and investigation of human disease, for the purpose of better understanding the disease process without the risk of ha ...

s of psychosis and anxiety respectively.

References

{{flavonol Flavonol rhamnosides