Mumblecore is a

subgenre Genre () is any style or form of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially agreed-upon conventions developed over time. In popular usage, it normally describes a category of literature, music, or other for ...

independent film An independent film, independent movie, indie film, or indie movie is a feature film or short film that is film production, produced outside the Major film studios, major film studio system in addition to being produced and distributed by independ ...

characterized by naturalistic acting and (sometimes improvised) dialogue, low budgets, an emphasis on dialogue over plot, and a focus on the personal relationships of young adults. Filmmakers associated with the genre include

Andrew Bujalski Andrew Bujalski (; born April 29, 1977) is an American film director, screenwriter and actor, who has been called the "godfather of mumblecore." Life and career Bujalski, born in Boston in 1977, is the son of artist-turned-businesswoman Sheil ...

Lynn Shelton Lynn Shelton (August 27, 1965 – May 15, 2020) was an American filmmaker, known for writing, directing, and producing such films as '' Humpday'' and '' Your Sister's Sister''. She was associated with the mumblecore genre. Early life Shelton was ...

, the Duplass brothers

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and

Jay Jays are a paraphyletic grouping of passerine birds within the family Corvidae. Although the term "jay" carries no taxonomic weight, most or all of the birds referred to as jays share a few similarities: they are small to medium-sized, usually ...

Greta Gerwig Greta Celeste Gerwig ( ; born August 4, 1983) is an American actress, screenwriter, and film director. Initially known for working on various mumblecore films, she has since expanded from acting in and co-writing independent films to directing ...

, Aaron Katz,

Joe Swanberg Joe Swanberg is an American independent filmmaker. Known for micro-budget films which make extensive use of improvisation, Swanberg is considered a major figure in the mumblecore film movement. His films often focus on relationships, sex, tech ...

,Hubert, Andrea (May 19, 2007).
Andrea Hubert on the latest fad to hit the US indie film scene
. ''

The Guardian ''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in Manchester in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'' and changed its name in 1959, followed by a move to London. Along with its sister paper, ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardi ...

''. Retrieved on July 27, 2008.Harring, Michael (Sep 29, 2009).
Local Sightings Film Festival: An I-5 Road Trip and Other New Movies Debut
". ''

The Seattle Weekly The ''Seattle Weekly'' is an alternative biweekly distributed newspaper in Seattle, Washington, United States. It was founded by Darrell Oldham and David Brewster as ''The Weekly.'' Its first issue was published on March 31, 1976, and it became ...

''. Retrieved on Oct 7, 2009. and

Ry Russo-Young Ry Russo-Young (born November 16, 1981) is an American filmmaker and producer, originally from New York City. Her early independent work has been associated with the mumblecore genre, though she has gone on to direct the wide release features '' ...

. In many cases, though, these directors reject the term. The genre is a mostly American phenomenon. The related term ''mumblegore'' has been used for films mixing the mumblecore and

horror Horror may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Genres *Horror fiction, a genre of fiction **Psychological horror, a subgenre of horror fiction **Christmas horror, a subgenre of horror fiction **Analog horror, a subgenre of horror fiction * ...

genres.

Distinguishing characteristics

Naturalism – both in performance and dialogue – is a key feature of almost all mumblecore films. Early mumblecore films tended to feature non-professional actors; however, later films have had more professional actors, including major stars such as

Anna Kendrick Anna Cooke Kendrick (born August 9, 1985) is an American actress. Known for playing upbeat and endearing characters in comedies and musicals, List of awards and nominations received by Anna Kendrick, her accolades include nominations for an Aca ...

(''

Drinking Buddies ''Drinking Buddies'' is a 2013 American comedy-drama film written, directed and edited by Joe Swanberg, and starring Olivia Wilde, Jake Johnson, Anna Kendrick and Ron Livingston. The film is about two co-workers at a craft brewery in Chicago. ...

'' and ''

Happy Christmas The Christmas season or the festive season, also known as the holiday season or the holidays, is an annual period generally spanning from November or December to early January. Incorporating Christmas Day and New Year's Day, the various celebrat ...

'') and

Orlando Bloom Orlando Jonathan Blanchard Copeland Bloom (born 13 January 1977) is an English actor. He made his breakthrough as the character Legolas in The Lord of the Rings (film series), ''The Lord of the Rings'' film series (2001–03). He reprised his r ...

(''

Digging for Fire ''Digging for Fire'' is a 2015 American comedy-drama film directed by Joe Swanberg and co-written by Swanberg and Jake Johnson. It stars an ensemble cast led by Johnson, Rosemarie DeWitt, Brie Larson, Sam Rockwell, Anna Kendrick, Orlando Bloom an ...

''). Some mumblecore films feature a prominent use of improvisation, with the cast sharing script credits, though some, like

's films, are mostly scripted.Bujalski's Beeswax Makes People Say Mumblecore, indieWire
Retrieved June 2011. Lynn Shelton

Mumblecore films are generally produced with a

low budget A low-budget film or low-budget movie is a motion picture shot with little to no funding from a major film studio or private investor. Many independent films are made on low budgets, but films made on the mainstream circuit with inexperienced o ...

, which has ranged from several thousand to several million dollars as well as low production values. Filming is done in real places, as opposed to studio sets or

sound stage A sound stage (also written soundstage) is a large, soundproof structure, building or room with large doors and high ceilings, used for the production of theatrical film-making and television productions, usually located on a secured movie or te ...

s. Many of these films are shot digitally, although Bujalski's films have all been shot on film. Soundtracks tend to be limited, or nonexistent. Mumblecore films tend to revolve around characters in their twenties and early thirties who are usually single, white, and fairly aimless in both their professional and personal lives. Plots are often concerned with difficulties in romantic relationships, exacerbated by the characters' inability to articulate their own desires.

Influences on mumblecore

Films that have been described as influencing, or at least anticipating, the conventions of mumblecore include '' Girlfriends'' (1978), ''

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'' (1979), ''

My Dinner with Andre ''My Dinner with Andre'' is a 1981 American drama film directed by Louis Malle, and written by and starring André Gregory and Wallace Shawn as fictionalized versions of themselves sharing a conversation at Café des Artistes in Manhattan. The ...

'' (1981), ''

Stranger Than Paradise ''Stranger Than Paradise'' is a 1984 American black-and-white absurdist deadpan comedy film directed, co-written and co-edited by Jim Jarmusch, and starring jazz musician John Lurie, former Sonic Youth drummer-turned-actor Richard Edson, an ...

'' (1984), ''

Sex, Lies, and Videotape ''Sex, Lies, and Videotape'' (often written in all lowercase as ''sex, lies, and videotape'') is a 1989 American Independent film, independent Drama (film and television), drama film written and directed by Steven Soderbergh. The plot tells the ...

'' (1989), ''

Slacker A slacker is someone who habitually work aversion, avoids work or lacks work ethic. Origin According to different sources, the term "slacker" dates back to about 1790 or 1898. "Slacker" gained some recognition during the UK, British Gezira Sche ...

'' (1991), ''

Clerks A clerk is someone who works in an office. A retail clerk works in a store. Office holder Clerk(s) may also refer to a person who holds an office, most commonly in a local unit of government, or a court. *Barristers' clerk, a manager and administ ...

'' (1994), ''

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'' (1994) and ''

Before Sunrise ''Before Sunrise'' is a 1995 Romance film, romantic drama film directed by Richard Linklater and co-written by Linklater and Kim Krizan, and is the first installment in the Before trilogy, ''Before'' trilogy. In the film, Jesse (Ethan Hawke) an ...

'' (1995). Directors cited as influences include

Michelangelo Antonioni Michelangelo Antonioni ( ; ; 29 September 1912 – 30 July 2007) was an Italian film director, screenwriter, and editor. He is best known for his "trilogy on modernity and its discontents", ''L'Avventura'' (1960), ''La Notte'' (1961), and '' ...

Eric Rohmer The given name Eric, Erich, Erikk, Erik, Erick, Eirik, or Eiríkur is derived from the Old Norse name ''Eiríkr'' (or ''Eríkr'' in Old East Norse due to monophthongization). The first element, ''ei-'' may be derived from the older Proto-Nor ...

Andrei Tarkovsky Andrei Arsenyevich Tarkovsky (, ; 4 April 1932 – 29 December 1986) was a Soviet film director and screenwriter of Russian origin. He is widely considered one of the greatest directors in cinema history. Works by Andrei Tarkovsky, His films e ...

Gus Van Sant Gus Green Van Sant Jr. (born July 24, 1952) is an American filmmaker, photographer, painter, and musician. He has earned acclaim as an independent film, independent auteur. His films typically deal with themes of marginalized subcultures. His ...

Richard Linklater Richard Linklater (; born July 30, 1960) is an American filmmaker. He is known for making films that deal thematically with suburban culture and the effects of the passage of time. In 2015, Linklater was included on the annual ''Time'' 100 li ...

, and

John Cassavetes John Nicholas Cassavetes (December 9, 1929 – February 3, 1989) was an American filmmaker and actor. He began as an actor in film and television before helping to pioneer modern American independent cinema as a writer and director, often self- ...

Reality television Reality television is a genre of television programming that documents purportedly unscripted real-life situations, often starring ordinary people rather than professional actors. Reality television emerged as a distinct genre in the early 1990s ...

, including what one critic called "the spring-break psychodrama of MTV's ''

The Real World ''The Real World'' (known as ''Real World'' from 2014 to 2017) is an American reality television series produced through MTV and Bunim/Murray Productions that most recently aired on Facebook Watch after airing on MTV from 1992 to 2017. It wa ...

'', has also been called an influence on mumblecore, as has the 2001

BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...

reality-TV-style

mockumentary A mockumentary (a portmanteau of ''mock'' and ''documentary'') is a type of film or television show depicting fictional events, but presented as a Documentary film, documentary. Mockumentaries are often used to analyze or comment on current event ...

series ''

The Office ''The Office'' is the title of several mockumentary sitcoms based on a British series originally created by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant as '' The Office'' in 2001. The original series also starred Gervais as manager and primary charac ...

''. Another often-cited influence on mumblecore is the profusion of cheaper filmmaking technology starting in the early 2000s, such as the

Panasonic AG-DVX100 The Panasonic AG-DVX100 was a video camera released on October 13, 2002, manufactured by Panasonic. It was the first consumer 60-hertz digital camcorder to support video recording at 24 frames per second (progressive scan) onto MiniDV tape. T ...

video camera, and desktop

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such as

Final Cut Pro Final Cut Pro (often abbreviated FCP or FCPX) is a professional non-linear video-editing application initially developed by Macromedia, and, since 1998, by Apple as part of its pro apps collection. Final Cut Pro allows users to import, edit, a ...

History

Bujalski has been described as the "Godfather of Mumblecore".A Genre Worth Shouting About, The Independent
Retrieved June 2011. His 2002 directorial debut, ''

Funny Ha Ha ''Funny Ha Ha'' is a 2002 American film written and directed by Andrew Bujalski. It has been described as the first mumblecore film. It was shot on 16 mm film on a very low budget. It deals with the lives of people in their twenties as they try ...

'', is generally considered to be the first mumblecore film. The 2005

South by Southwest Film Festival South by Southwest (SXSW) is an annual conglomeration of parallel film, interactive media, and music festivals and conferences organized jointly that take place in mid-March in Austin, Texas. It began in 1987 and has continued growing in both s ...

screened a number of other films that came to be considered part of the mumblecore movement, including Bujalski's second film, ''

Mutual Appreciation ''Mutual Appreciation'' is a 2005 independent film by Andrew Bujalski who previously directed '' Funny Ha Ha'' (2002). The script is primarily dialogue between a group of young people as they try to determine where they fit in the world. It is con ...

''; ''

The Puffy Chair ''The Puffy Chair'' is a 2005 American mumblecore road movie, road film written and directed by Jay Duplass, Jay and Mark Duplass. It stars Mark Duplass, Katie Aselton and Rhett Wilkins. The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festi ...

'', by

Mark Duplass Mark David Duplass (born December 7, 1976) is an American filmmaker, actor, writer, and musician. With his brother Jay Duplass, he started the film production company Duplass Brothers Productions in 1996, for which they wrote and directed ''The ...

Jay Duplass Lawrence Jay Duplass Jr. (born March 7, 1973) is an American filmmaker, actor, and author widely known for his films ''The Puffy Chair'' (2005), ''Cyrus'' (2010), and '' Jeff, Who Lives at Home'' (2011), made in collaboration with his younger br ...

; and '' Kissing on the Mouth'', by

.Mumblecore meets the mainstream in Cyrus at Sundance, Guardian
Retrieved June 2011.Mumblecore Goes Mainstream, Variety
Retrieved June 2011. That festival was also the origin of the term "mumblecore":

Eric Masunaga The Dambuilders was an indie rock band that began in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, in 1989 and later relocated to Boston. They released seven LPs (six studio albums & one compilation) and a number of EPs before breaking up in 1998. Members have gone ...

, a sound editor who has worked with Bujalski, coined the term one night at a bar during the festival, when asked to describe the similarities between those three films. The term was first used publicly by Bujalski in an interview with IndieWire. Bujalski has downplayed the existence of an organized "movement", however, and stated that he does not intentionally make "mumblecore" films. Film journalists have also referred to the genre collectively with the terms "bedhead cinema" and "Slackavetes" (a

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derived from the title of

's dialogue-heavy,

lo-fi Lo-fi (also typeset as lofi or low-fi; short for low fidelity) is a music or production quality in which elements usually regarded as imperfections in the context of a recording or performance are present, sometimes as a deliberate stylistic ch ...

1990s film ''

'', and the name of independent film director

). In 2007, the

IFC Center IFC Center is an art house movie theater in Greenwich Village, Manhattan, New York City. Located at 323 Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas) at West 3rd Street, it was formerly the Waverly Theater, an art house movie theater. IFC Center is ...

in New York City exhibited a ten-film series of mumblecore films, titled "The New Talkies: Generation D.I.Y." The films shown were: ''

Hannah Takes the Stairs ''Hannah Takes the Stairs'' is a 2007 American independent mumblecore film by Joe Swanberg. It has been described "as the defining movie of the low-budget, dialogue-driven 'mumblecore' movement." Plot Hannah is a recent college graduate living i ...

'', ''

'', '' Kissing on the Mouth'', ''

'', ''

Dance Party USA ''Dance Party USA'' is an American dance television show that aired daily on cable's USA Network from April 12, 1986, to June 27, 1992. It was originally a half-hour, but was expanded to an hour in 1987. The program was always shot at, and aire ...

'', '' Quiet City'', ''Hohokam'', '' Team Picture'', ''

'', ''

LOL LOL, or lol, is an initialism for laughing out loud, and a popular element of Internet slang, which can be used to indicate amusement, irony, or double meanings. It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widesprea ...

'', and ''Quietly On By'', as well as the first season of Joe Swanberg and Kris Williams' web series ''

Young American Bodies ''Young American Bodies'' is an American web series, which originally premiered on Nerve.com and aired on IFC and at IFC.com in the United States until 2009. Considered to be the first Mumblecore television series, each short episode looks i ...

'' and a collection of short films dubbed "Mumbleshorts."

Legacy

Some critics have stated that mumblecore ended around 2010, as the original crop of directors began making films with larger budgets, more diverse storylines, and a more conventional cinematic approach. For this reason, films made since 2010 or so that retain an emphasis on naturalistic dialogue and plot are sometimes referred to as "post-mumblecore". People who have been labelled as "post-mumblecore" include

Amy Seimetz Amy Seimetz is an American actress and filmmaker. She has appeared in several productions, including AMC's '' The Killing'', HBO's ''Family Tree'', and films like '' Upstream Color'', '' Alien: Covenant'', ''Pet Sematary'', and ''No Sudden Move' ...

Sean Price Williams Sean Price Williams is an American cinematographer and film director. Williams is known for his work as a cinematographer, frequently collaborating with Alex Ross Perry and the Safdie Brothers. He made his directorial feature film debut with '' T ...

Alex Karpovsky Alexander Karpovsky (born September 23, 1975) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, producer, and film editor. He is best known for his role as Raymond "Ray" Ploshansky on the HBO comedy drama series '' Girls'' (2012–17), for which he wa ...

Alex Ross Perry Alex Ross Perry is an American filmmaker and actor. Prolific in independent film, he is best known for writing and directing ''Listen Up Philip'' (2014) and ''Her Smell'' (2018). Early life Perry is Jewish. He grew up in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania ...

and

Kate Lyn Sheil Kate Lyn Sheil (born June 13, 1985) is an American actress. She has had roles in independent films like ''You're Next'', '' V/H/S'', '' The Color Wheel'', '' The Sacrament'', and ''House of Cards''. Early life Sheil was born and raised in Jers ...

Influences on other genres

The big-budget films ''

Magic Mike ''Magic Mike'' is a 2012 American independent comedy-drama film directed by Steven Soderbergh and starring Channing Tatum, Alex Pettyfer, Matt Bomer, Joe Manganiello, and Matthew McConaughey. The plot revolves around Adam, a 19-year-old ...

'' (

2012 2012 was designated as: *International Year of Cooperatives *International Year of Sustainable Energy for All Events January *January 4 – The Cicada 3301 internet hunt begins. * January 12 – Peaceful protests begin in the R ...

) and its sequel ''

Magic Mike XXL ''Magic Mike XXL'' is a 2015 American comedy-drama film directed by Gregory Jacobs, written by Reid Carolin and starring Channing Tatum, Matt Bomer, Kevin Nash, and Joe Manganiello. A sequel to 2012's ''Magic Mike'', the film premiered in Holl ...

'' (

2015 2015 was designated by the United Nations as: * International Year of Light * International Year of Soil __TOC__ Events January * January 1 – Lithuania officially adopts the euro as its currency, replacing the litas, and becomes ...

) have been described as having mumblecore elements due to their use of naturalistic dialogue. Some TV series, including the

HBO Home Box Office (HBO) is an American pay television service, which is the flagship property of namesake parent-subsidiary Home Box Office, Inc., itself a unit owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. The overall Home Box Office business unit is based a ...

series ''

Girls A girl is a young female human, usually a child or an adolescent. While the term ''girl'' has other meanings, including ''young woman'',Dictionary.com, "Girl"'' Retrieved January 2, 2008. ''daughter'' or ''girlfriend'' regardless of age, ...

'' (2012), ''

Looking Looking is the act of intentionally focusing visual perception on someone or something, for the purpose of obtaining information, and possibly to convey Interest (emotion), interest or another sentiment. A large number of Troponymy, troponyms ex ...

'' (2014) and '' Togetherness'' (2015), ''

Euphoria Euphoria ( ) is the experience (or affect) of pleasure or excitement and intense feelings of well-being and happiness. Certain natural rewards and social activities, such as aerobic exercise, laughter, listening to or making music and da ...

'' (2019), and the

Netflix Netflix is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service. The service primarily distributes original and acquired films and television shows from various genres, and it is available internationally in multiple lang ...

series '' Easy'' (2017) have been called mumblecore-inspired, or, in the words of one critic, "mumbleshows". Horror films using mumblecore techniques have resulted in the term "mumblegore." Films that have been described as "mumblegore" include ''

Baghead ''Baghead'' is a 2008 mumblecore comedy horror film written and directed by Jay and Mark Duplass. The film stars Ross Partridge, Elise Muller, Greta Gerwig, and Steve Zissis. The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on ...

'' (

2008 2008 was designated as: *International Year of Languages *International Year of Planet Earth *International Year of the Potato *International Year of Sanitation The Great Recession, a worldwide recession which began in 2007, continued throu ...

), ''

The House of the Devil ''The House of the Devil'' is a 2009 American horror film written, directed, and edited by Ti West, starring Jocelin Donahue, Tom Noonan, Mary Woronov, Greta Gerwig, A. J. Bowen, and Dee Wallace. The plot concerns a young college student ...

'' (

2009 2009 was designated as the International Year of Astronomy by the United Nations to coincide with the 400th anniversary of Galileo Galilei's first known astronomical studies with a telescope and the publication of Astronomia Nova by Joha ...

), '' Entrance'' (

2011 The year marked the start of a Arab Spring, series of protests and revolutions throughout the Arab world advocating for democracy, reform, and economic recovery, later leading to the depositions of world leaders in Tunisia, Egypt, and Yemen ...

), ''

You're Next ''You're Next'' is a 2011 American slasher film directed and edited by Adam Wingard, written by Simon Barrett and starring Sharni Vinson, Nicholas Tucci, Wendy Glenn, A. J. Bowen, Joe Swanberg, Sarah Myers, Amy Seimetz, Barbara Crampton a ...

'' (

), ''

V/H/S ''V/H/S'' is a 2012 American found footage horror anthology film and the first installment in the ''V/H/S'' franchise created by Brad Miska and Bloody Disgusting, and produced by Miska and Roxanne Benjamin. It features a series of six fou ...

'' (

), '' The Sacrament'' (

2013 2013 was the first year since 1987 to contain four unique digits (a span of 26 years). 2013 was designated as: *International Year of Water Cooperation *International Year of Quinoa Events January * January 5 – 2013 Craig, Alask ...

), and ''

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'' (

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). Directors associated with mumblegore cinema include Swanberg and Duplass, as well as

Adam Wingard Adam Wingard ( ; born December 3, 1982) is an American filmmaker. He has served as a film director, producer, screenwriter, editor, cinematographer, actor, and composer on numerous American films. Following an early career as a member of the mu ...

, Roxanne Benjamin,

Ben Wheatley Ben Wheatley (born 1972) is an English filmmaker, film editor, and animator. Beginning his career in advertising, Wheatley first gained recognition and acclaim for his commercials and short films, before transitioning into feature films and tele ...

, the trio

Radio Silence In telecommunications, radio silence or emissions control (EMCON) is a status in which all fixed or mobile radio stations in an area are asked to stop transmitting for safety or security reasons. The term "radio station" may include anything ca ...

Patrick Brice Donat Patrick Kack-Brice (born April 23, 1983), known professionally as Patrick Brice, is an American film director, actor, screenwriter and cinematographer. He is known for directing ''Creep (2014 film), Creep'' (2014), ''The Overnight'' (2015) ...

, Patrick Horvath, and

Ti West Timon C. West (born October 5, 1980) is an American film director, producer, screenwriter, editor, cinematographer, and actor, best known for his work in horror films. He directed the horror films ''The Roost'' (2005), ''Trigger Man (2007 film), ...

. A review of the independent quasi-documentar
''Bloody Nose, Empty Pockets''
in which actors were served real alcohol and filmed interacting in improvised scenes in a recreated dive bar, noted that "the film may be the first-ever in a new 'stumblecore' genre, a risky fusion of indie-mumblecore and on-camera drunkenness."

Outside the United States

Mumblecore is not a strictly American phenomenon. Since about 2009, the Berlin Mumblecore movement has had its own manifesto, ''Sehr gutes Manifest''. Berlin Mumblecore is not a reaction to the American hype so much as it is a reaction to the lack of reform in the German public financial support system for the film industry (Filmfoerderung). Crowdfunding is a new possibility to finance movie productions with small and very small budgets independently from restrictions of the German Filmfoerderung. In 2009, Jette Miller's ''Austern ohne Schale'' was screened in Berlin. In 2011, the movies ''Frontalwatte'' by Jakob Lass and ''Papa Gold'' by Tom Lass were released. The latter won several German film awards. 2012 saw the release of ''Klappe Cowboy'' by Timo Jacobs and Ulf Behrens, as well as the award-winning ' by

Axel Ranisch Axel Ranisch (born 30 June 1983 in Berlin) is a German actor, film and television director and author. Life Ranisch spent his childhood in Berlin-Lichtenberg. He studied theatre pedagogy in Flecken Zechlin until 2004. From 2004 to 2011 Ranis ...

.Denis Demmerle: Eine neue Schule. In: Berliner Filmfestivals. 2012-04-28
retrieved in December 2012 In 2015, Malte Wirtz ''Voll Paula!'' had its theatrical release, having also been produced without film funding. Since then he produced three more Mumblecore Films (Hard & Ugly, Only one day in Berlin, About Rita!) and the media called him one of the most active German directors.

Filmography

List of mumblecore films and television series

* ''

'' (2002) * '' The Utopian Society'' (2003) * '' Kissing on the Mouth'' (2005) * ''

'' (2005) * ''

'' (2005) * '' Ellie Parker'' (2005) * ''

'' (2006) * ''

'' (2006–2009) * ''

'' (2007) * '' Let Them Chirp Awhile'' (2007) * '' Quiet City'' (2007) * ''Hohokam'' (2007) * ''Orphans'' (2007) * '' Frownland '' (2007) * '' Team Picture'' (2007) * ''

Pop Skull ''Pop Skull'' is a 2007 American film directed, and edited by Adam Wingard, who the screenplay with Lane Hughes and E. L. Katz. It stars Hughes, Katz, and Wingard. It is primarily regarded as a Horror film, horror film but has been noted for inco ...

'' (2007) * ''

'' (2008) * ''

In Search of a Midnight Kiss ''In Search of a Midnight Kiss'' is a 2007 American independent romantic comedy film written and directed by Alex Holdridge. It was listed on the National Board of Review's Top 10 Independent Films of 2008, won the Independent Spirit John Cassave ...

'' (2008) * '' The Pleasure of Being Robbed'' (2008)Burr, Ty (May 23, 2008).
It's their scene at Cannes – The Boston Globe
. ''

Boston.com ''Boston.com'' is a regional website that offers news and information about the Boston, Massachusetts, area. It is owned and operated by Boston Globe Media Partners, publisher of ''The Boston Globe''. History ''Boston.com'' was one of the firs ...

''. Retrieved on August 21, 2008. * ''

Nights and Weekends ''Nights and Weekends'' is a 2008 American mumblecore film written, directed, co-produced by and starring Joe Swanberg and Greta Gerwig. The film follows a long-distance relationship and its aftermath. The film premiered at South by Southwest, scr ...

'' (2008) * '' My Effortless Brilliance'' (2008) * ''

Yeast Yeasts are eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms classified as members of the fungus kingdom (biology), kingdom. The first yeast originated hundreds of millions of years ago, and at least 1,500 species are currently recognized. They are est ...

'' (2008) * ''Luke and Brie Are on a First Date'' (2008) * ''It's Nick's Birthday'' (a mumblecore musical, 2009) * ''

Goodbye Promise ''Goodbye Promise'' is a 2012 mumblecore feature film, directed and co-written by ''Film Courage'' co-creator David Branin, and stars Gregor Collins, who co-wrote it with Branin. The film follows Collins as he says goodbye to his friends before he ...

'' (2009) * ''

Alexander the Last ''Alexander the Last'' is a 2009 American drama film written and directed by Joe Swanberg and starring Jess Weixler, Justin Rice, Barlow Jacobs, and Amy Seimetz. The film is about a married actress and her sister. The film premiered in 2009 and ...

'' (2009) * '' Medicine for Melancholy'' (2009)A Short-Term Affair Leads to Big Questions, New York Times
Retrieved June 2011. * ''

Humpday ''Humpday'' is a 2009 American mumblecore comedy-drama film directed, produced, and written by Lynn Shelton and starring Mark Duplass, Joshua Leonard, and Alycia Delmore. It premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. International distribution ...

'' (2009) * ''

Beeswax Bee hive wax complex Beeswax (also known as cera alba) is a natural wax produced by honey bees of the genus ''Apis''. The wax is formed into scales by eight wax-producing glands in the abdominal segments of worker bees, which discard it in o ...

'' (2009) * '' Daddy Longlegs'' (2009) * ''

Sorry, Thanks ''Sorry, Thanks'' (2009) is an independent feature film directed and written by filmmaker Dia Sokol, who previously produced '' Mutual Appreciation'' and the MTV reality series ''16 and Pregnant''. ''Sorry, Thanks'' premiered at the 2009 South ...

'' (2009) * ''

The Exploding Girl ''The Exploding Girl'' is a 2009 American independent film written and directed by Bradley Rust Gray, starring Zoe Kazan and Mark Rendall. It premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival in 2009 and was released theatrically in the United St ...

'' (2009) * ''

Breaking Upwards ''Breaking Upwards'' is a 2009 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Daryl Wein, starring Zoe Lister-Jones, Wein, Julie White, Peter Friedman, Andrea Martin, and Pablo Schreiber. It explores a 20-something, real-life New York couple batt ...

'' (2009) * ''

Cyrus Cyrus () is a Persian-language masculine given name. It is historically best known as the name of several List of monarchs of Iran, Persian kings, most notably including Cyrus the Great, who founded the Achaemenid Empire in 550 BC. It remains wid ...

'' (2010) * ''

The Freebie ''The Freebie'' is a 2010 American independent film directed by Katie Aselton that had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival. The plot centers on a married couple who, frustrated by the lack of sex in their relationship, allow each oth ...

'' (2010) * '' Guy and Madeline on a Park Bench'' (2010) * ''

Tiny Furniture ''Tiny Furniture'' is a 2010 American comedy-drama film written, directed by, and starring Lena Dunham. The film premiered at South by Southwest, where it won the award for Best Narrative Feature, screened at such festivals as Maryland Film Festiv ...

'' (2010) * ''You Wont Miss Me'' (2010) * ''Overlook'' (2010) * ''

Art History Art history is the study of Work of art, artistic works made throughout human history. Among other topics, it studies art’s formal qualities, its impact on societies and cultures, and how artistic styles have changed throughout history. Tradit ...

'' (2011) * '' Autoerotic'' (2011) * ''

Uncle Kent ''Uncle Kent'' is a 2011 American film directed by Joe Swanberg and written by Kent Osborne and Swanberg. The film stars Osborne in the title role of Kent, and Jennifer Prediger, Josephine Decker, Kevin Bewersdof, and Swanberg. The film premiere ...

'' (2011) * '' Entrance'' (2011) * ''

Silver Bullets ''Silver Bullets'' is a 2011 American psychological thriller film written and directed by Joe Swanberg. The film stars Kate Lyn Sheil, Ti West, Swanberg and Amy Seimetz. It is one of six films released by Swanberg in 2011. The film had its wor ...

'' (2011) * ''

Caitlin Plays Herself ''Caitlin Plays Herself'' is a 2011 American drama film directed and produced by Joe Swanberg, written by Caitlin Stainken and Swanberg, and starring Stainken and Swanberg. Swanberg and Stainken, a performance artist with the Neo-Futurists, play ...

'' (2011) * ''

Your Sister's Sister ''Your Sister's Sister'' is a 2011 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Lynn Shelton and starring Emily Blunt, Rosemarie DeWitt, and Mark Duplass. The film premiered on September 11, 2011, at the Toronto International Film Festival, ...

'' (2011) * '' Bellflower'' (2011) * ''Mumblecore'' (2011) * '' The Zone'' (2011) * '' Memory Lane'' (2012) * ''

The Do-Deca-Pentathlon ''The Do-Deca-Pentathlon'' is a 2012 independent comedy film written and directed by brothers Jay Duplass and Mark Duplass. The film stars Mark Kelly, Steve Zissis, Jennifer Lafleur, and Julie Vorus. The film had its world premiere at SXSW on Mar ...

'' (2012) * ''

The Color Wheel ''The Color Wheel'' is a 2011 American independent film co-written, co-produced, edited, directed by and co-starring Alex Ross Perry. Perry co-wrote the film with Carlen Altman, who both also play the respective lead roles. A screwball black co ...

'' (2012) * ''

Frances Ha ''Frances Ha'' is a 2012 American comedy drama film directed by Noah Baumbach. It is written by Baumbach and Greta Gerwig, who also stars as Frances Halladay, a struggling 27-year-old dancer. The film premiered at the Telluride Film Festival on ...

'' (2012) * ''

Nobody Walks ''Nobody Walks'' is a 2012 American independent drama film directed by Ry Russo-Young. The film premiered in Competition at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and won a special Jury Prize. The film stars John Krasinski, Olivia Thirlby, Rosemarie De ...

'' (2012) * ''

Sun Don't Shine ''Sun Don't Shine'' is a 2012 American thriller film written and directed by Amy Seimetz and starring Kate Lyn Sheil and Kentucker Audley. It first premiered on March 10, 2012 at the South by Southwest Film Festival, where it won a Special Jury ...

'' (2012) * '' I Want Your Love'' (2012) * ''Ivy League Exorcist: The Bobby Jindal Story'' (2012) * ''

Jeff, Who Lives at Home ''Jeff, Who Lives at Home'' is a 2011 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Jay and Mark Duplass, starring Jason Segel and Ed Helms, and co-starring Judy Greer and Susan Sarandon. The film premiered on September 14, 2011, at the 2 ...

'' (2012) * ''

Save the Date ''Save the Date'' is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Michael Mohan. It stars Lizzy Caplan and Alison Brie. It won the Achievement Award at the 2012 Newport Beach Film Festival and was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at t ...

'' (2012) * '' Celeste & Jesse Forever'' (2012) * ''

'' (2013) * '' All the Light in the Sky'' (2013) * ''

Touchy Feely ''Touchy Feely'' is a 2013 film directed by Lynn Shelton and stars Rosemarie DeWitt as a massage therapist who develops a phobia to touching skin. Other cast members include Allison Janney, Ron Livingston, Scoot McNairy, Elliot Page and Josh Pais ...

'' (2013) * ''

I Love You, Apple, I Love You, Orange ''I Love You, Apple, I Love You, Orange '' is a 2013 American independent romantic comedy-drama film by Horam Kim. It stars Kim, Lori Anne Smithey, Stefan Griswold, and Victoria Blake, and follows a lonely young woman who has to deal with a buddin ...

'' (2013) * ''

About Alex ''About Alex'' is a 2014 American drama film written and directed by Jesse Zwick. The film stars Nate Parker, Jason Ritter, Maggie Grace and Max Greenfield. It had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 17, 2014. Screen Media Fil ...

'' (2014) * '' Swim Little Fish Swim'' (2014) * ''

'' (2014) * '' Sulemani Keeda'' (2014) * ''

The Overnight ''The Overnight'' is a 2015 American sex comedy film written and directed by Patrick Brice, and starring Adam Scott, Taylor Schilling, Jason Schwartzman, and Judith Godrèche. The film was produced by Naomi Scott and executive produced by Mar ...

'' (2015) * '' A Wonderful Cloud'' (2015) * '' Midnight Delight'' (2016) * ''

Blue Jay The blue jay (''Cyanocitta cristata'') is a passerine bird in the family Corvidae, native to eastern North America. It lives in most of the eastern and central United States; some eastern populations may be migratory. Resident populations ar ...

'' (2016) * '' Joshy'' (2016) * ''

Teenage Cocktail ''Teenage Cocktail'' is a 2016 American romance film and thriller film written and directed by John Carchietta and starring Nichole Sakura, Fabianne Therese, Michelle Borth, Pat Healy, A. J. Bowen and Joshua Leonard. The film had its world premie ...

'' (2016) * '' Easy'' (2016–2019) * ''

Before I Fall ''Before I Fall'' is a 2010 young adult novel written by the American author Lauren Oliver. The novel is written in the first-person perspective of a teenage girl, Samantha Kingston, who is forced to relive the day of her death every day for a ...

'' (2017) * ''Waiting for Violette'' (2017) * ''

Room 104 ''Room 104'' is an American anthology television series created by Mark Duplass and Jay Duplass, first broadcast on HBO between 2017 and 2020. Premise Set in a single room of an American roadside motel, each episode explores different character ...

'' (2017-2020) * '' Friends, Foes & Fireworks'' (2018) * ''

Support the Girls ''Support the Girls'' is a 2018 American comedy film written and directed by Andrew Bujalski. It stars Regina Hall, Haley Lu Richardson, James LeGros, Shayna McHayle, Dylan Gelula, AJ Michalka, Brooklyn Decker, Jana Kramer, John Elvis, Lea D ...

'' (2018) * ''Importance (of Us)'' (2018) * ''Only One Day in Berlin'' (2018) * ''The Christmas Ride'' (2020) * '' Shithouse'' (2020) * ''

Yelling Fire in an Empty Theater ''Yelling Fire in an Empty Theater'' is an independent American comedy-drama film written and directed by Justin Zuckerman. It premiered at the 2022 Slamdance Film Festival, and was released on Fandor on January 24, 2023. Plot The film follows L ...

'' (2023) * ''

The Astrid Experience ''The Astrid Experience'' is a romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Cal Barnes, and starring Cal Barnes, Lucia Xypteras, Rob Conroy, Mena Santos, and John That. The story follows Chase Abbott, a famous young artist in recovery who m ...

'' (2023)

List of mumblegore films

* '' The Green Elephant'' (1999) * ''

The Roost ''The Roost'' is a 2005 American horror film written and directed by Ti West. It stars Tom Noonan, Karl Jacob, Wil Horneff and Vanessa Horneff. ''The Roost'' had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 12, 2005, and was released on D ...

'' (2005) * ''

Murder Party ''Murder Party'' is a 2007 American horror comedy film written, directed and shot by Jeremy Saulnier. It was shot in Brooklyn, New York. It was given the Audience Award for Best Feature at the 2007 Slamdance Film Festival and screened within ...

'' (2007) * '' The Signal'' (2007) * '' Trigger Man'' (2007) * ''

Home Sick ''Home Sick'' is a 2007 American horror film written by E. L. Katz and directed by Adam Wingard. The film had its world premiere at the 2007 Fantasia International Film Festival. Plot A strange man crashes a party and asks each person to name ...

'' (2007) * ''

'' (2007) * '' I Can See You'' (2008) * ''

'' (2008) * ''

'' (2009) * '' Hysterical Psycho'' (2009) * '' Red White & Blue'' (2010) * ''

A Horrible Way to Die ''A Horrible Way to Die'' is a 2010 American horror film directed and edited by Adam Wingard, written by co-producer Simon Barrett, and starring A. J. Bowen, Amy Seimetz, Joe Swanberg, Brandon Carroll, and Lane Hughes. The story follows an escap ...

'' (2010) * ''

Martha Marcy May Marlene ''Martha Marcy May Marlene'' is a 2011 American psychological thriller drama film written and directed by Sean Durkin in his directorial feature film debut, and starring Elizabeth Olsen (in her film debut), John Hawkes, Sarah Paulson, and Hu ...

'' (2011) * ''

Kill List ''Kill List'' is a 2011 British psychological horror crime film directed by Ben Wheatley, co-written and co-edited with Amy Jump, and starring Neil Maskell, MyAnna Buring and Michael Smiley. In the film, a British soldier joins an old friend ...

'' (2011) * '' The Innkeepers'' (2011) * '' Entrance'' (2011) * ''

What Fun We Were Having ''What Fun We Were Having: 4 Stories About Date Rape'' is a 2011 American psychological drama anthology film directed by Adam Wingard and written by Wingard, Simon Barrett and E. L. Katz. It stars Hannah Hughes, A. J. Bowen, Lane Hughes, Brando ...

'' (2011) * ''

'' (2012) * ''

'' (2012) * '' Resolution'' (2012) * ''

Sightseers ''Sightseers'' is a 2012 British black comedy film directed by Ben Wheatley and written by and starring Alice Lowe and Steve Oram. Sightseers was selected to be screened in the Directors' Fortnight section at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival on ...

'' (2012) * '' The Battery'' (2012) * ''

V/H/S/2 ''V/H/S/2'' (originally titled ''S-VHS'') is a 2013 found footage horror anthology film produced by Bloody Disgusting and Roxanne Benjamin. The sequel to ''V/H/S'' (2012) and the second installment in the ''V/H/S'' franchise, it comprises ...

'' (2013) * '' Cheap Thrills'' (2013) * ''

Coherence Coherence is, in general, a state or situation in which all the parts or ideas fit together well so that they form a united whole. More specifically, coherence, coherency, or coherent may refer to the following: Physics * Coherence (physics ...

'' (2013) * ''

Blue Ruin ''Blue Ruin'' is a 2013 American revenge thriller film written and directed by Jeremy Saulnier and starring Macon Blair. Saulnier funded production on the film through a successful Kickstarter campaign, which MTV called "the perfect example of w ...

'' (2013) * '' 24 Exposures'' (2013) * '' The Sacrament'' (2013) * '' Proxy'' (2013) * '' The Guest'' (2014) * ''

Honeymoon A honeymoon is a vacation taken by newlyweds after their wedding to celebrate their marriage. Today, honeymoons are often celebrated in destinations considered exotic or romantic. In a similar context, it may also refer to the phase in a couple ...

'' (2014) * ''

Starry Eyes ''Starry Eyes'' is a 2014 American horror film written and directed by Kevin Kölsch and Dennis Widmyer. The film had its world premiere on March 8, 2014 at South by Southwest and features Alexandra Essoe as a hopeful young starlet who finds th ...

'' (2014) * ''

Bag Boy Lover Boy ''Bag Boy Lover Boy'' is a 2014 comedy horror film that was directed by Andres Torres. The movie had its world premiere on July 23, 2014 at the Fantasia Festival and stars Jon Wachter as a hotdog vendor who finds himself becoming the muse of a man ...

'' (2014) *''

It Follows ''It Follows'' is a 2014 horror film written and directed by David Robert Mitchell. It stars Maika Monroe as a young woman who is pursued by a seemingly supernatural entity. Keir Gilchrist, Daniel Zovatto, Jake Weary, Olivia Luccardi, and L ...

'' (2014) *''

Goodnight Mommy ''Goodnight Mommy'' (; UK: ''Goodnight Mummy'') is a 2014 Austrian psychological horror film, written and directed by Veronika Franz and Severin Fiala. The film stars Susanne Wuest and twin actors Elias and Lukas Schwarz, and follows the com ...

'' (2014) *'' Late Phases'' (2014) *'' They Look Like People'' (2015) *''

Synchronicity Synchronicity () is a concept introduced by Carl Jung, founder of analytical psychology, to describe events that coincide in time and appear meaningfully related, yet lack a discoverable causal connection. Jung held that this was a healthy fu ...

'' (2015) *'' The Invitation'' (2015) *''

Lace Crater ''Lace Crater'' is a 2015 American comedy film written and directed by Harrison Atkins; the film marks his first feature full-length film. The film stars Lindsay Burdge, Peter Vack, Chase Williamson, Joe Swanberg, Jennifer Kim, Keith Poulson ...

'' (2015) *''Echo Lake'' (2015) *'' Darling'' (2015) *'' Southbound'' (2015) *'' Be My Cat: A Film for Anne'' (2015) *''We Go On'' (2016) *''

Always Shine ''Always Shine'' is a 2016 American psychological thriller film written by Lawrence Michael Levine and directed by Sophia Takal. The film stars Mackenzie Davis and Caitlin FitzGerald as two friends going for a weekend retreat to Big Sur. It also s ...

'' (2016) *''The Alchemist Cookbook'' (2016) *''Another Evil'' (2016) *''

Creep 2 ''Creep 2'' is a 2017 American found footage psychological horror film directed by Patrick Brice and written by Brice and Mark Duplass. It is a sequel to Brice's 2014 film '' Creep'', and the second installment in the franchise of the same nam ...

'' (2017) *'' The Endless'' (2017) *'' The Ritual'' (2017) *'' Flesh & Blood'' (2018) *''

Pooka! "Pooka!" is an episode of American horror anthology web television series '' Into the Dark'' that aired as the third episode of the show's first season. It originally premiered in the United States on December 7, 2018, on Hulu. The episode was ...

'' (2018) *''

Body at Brighton Rock Body may refer to: In science * Physical body, an object in physics that represents a large amount, has mass or takes up space * Body (biology), the physical material of an organism * Body plan, the physical features shared by a group of animal ...

'' (2019) *'' I Trapped the Devil'' (2019) *'' After Midnight'' (2019) *''Exit 0'' (2019) *''

Pooka Lives! ''Into the Dark'' is an American horror anthology television series produced for Hulu, with each stand-alone episodic installment based around a different holiday. The first season premiered on October 5, 2018, and consists of twelve feature-le ...

'' (2020) *''

Nocturne A nocturne is a musical composition that is inspired by, or evocative of, the night. History The term ''nocturne'' (from French '' nocturne'' "of the night") was first applied to musical pieces in the 18th century, when it indicated an ensembl ...

'' (2020) *''

The Night House ''The Night House'' is a 2020 supernatural psychological horror film directed by David Bruckner, and written by Ben Collins and Luke Piotrowski. It stars Rebecca Hall as a widow who discovers a dark secret about the house her recently deceased a ...

'' (2020) *'' Save Yourselves!'' (2020) *'' Rent-A-Pal'' (2020) *''

The Rental ''The Rental'' is a 2020 American horror film co-written, produced and directed by Dave Franco, in his feature directorial debut. Franco co-wrote the screenplay with Joe Swanberg from a story by Franco, Swanberg, and Mike Demski. It stars Dan St ...

'' (2020) *''

Broadcast Signal Intrusion A broadcast signal intrusion is the hijacking of broadcast signals of radio, television stations, cable television broadcast feeds or satellite signals without permission or licence. Hijacking incidents have involved local TV and radio stations ...

'' (2021) *''Evil in the Woods'' (2022) *''

Mr. Crocket ''Mr. Crocket'' is a 2024 American supernatural horror film directed by Brandon Espy in his feature directorial debut from a screenplay he co-wrote with Carl Reid. Based on Espy's 2022 short film of the same name, the film stars Elvis Nolasc ...

'' (2024)

References

External links

indieWIRE Interview: The Mumblecore Movement? Andrew Bujalski On His "Funny Ha Ha"

indieWIRE: Mumblecore Movie? Swanberg, Bujalski, Duplass and Others Unveil "Hannah Takes The Stairs"

The Austin Chronicle: Mumblecore And Murder
{{film genres DIY culture Movements in American cinema Film genres Independent films 2000s in film 2010s in film 2020s in film