Muhammad Taqi Amīni ( 5 May 1926 – 21 January 1991) was an

Indian Indian or Indians may refer to: Associated with India * of or related to India ** Indian people ** Indian diaspora ** Languages of India ** Indian English, a dialect of the English language ** Indian cuisine Associated with indigenous peoples o ...

Sunni Islamic scholar, jurist,

Urdu Urdu (; , , ) is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. It is the Languages of Pakistan, national language and ''lingua franca'' of Pakistan. In India, it is an Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of Indi ...

author and the dean of Theology faculty of

Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh Muslim University is a Collegiate university, collegiate, Central university (India), central, and Research university, research university located in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, which was originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Kh ...

. He is known for his works on Islamic jurisprudence, and his book ''Fiqh Islami ka Tareekhi Pas-e-Manzar'' is a required reading for master's degree in

Islamic studies Islamic studies is the academic study of Islam, which is analogous to related fields such as Jewish studies and Quranic studies. Islamic studies seeks to understand the past and the potential future of the Islamic world. In this multidiscipli ...

at the

Islamic University of Science & Technology Islamic University of Science & Technology (IUST) is a state university situated in Awantipora, in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir, India. The university has been set up as a centre for higher learn ...

. Amīni was an alumnus of the Jami’ul Ulum, Kanpur and the

Madrasa Aminia Madrasa Aminia Islamia Arabia (best known as Madrasa Aminia) is an Islamic seminary in Delhi. History Amin al-Din Dehlawi, an Islamic scholar who was a student of Mahmud Hasan Deobandi, developed an idea of establishing a madrasa in Delhi. He ...

. During his career, he taught at

Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama (translated as, House of Knowledge and Assembly of Scholars University) is an Islamic seminary in Lucknow, India. It was established by the Nadwatul Ulama, a council of Muslim scholars, on 26 September 1898. This ed ...

and served as the Principal at Darul Uloom Muiniya in Ajmer. He became a Dean Professor in the Theology faculty at

and retired in 1986. He wrote books including ''Reconstruction of Culture and Islam'', ''Ijtehad Ka Tareekhi Pas-e-Manzar'' and ''Ahkam-e-Sharia Mai Halat-o-Zamana Ki Ri'ayat''.

Biography

Muhammad Taqi Amīni was born on 5 May 1926 in Subeha,

Barabanki Barabanki is a city and a municipal board in the Indian States and territories of India, state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Barabanki district and a part of Ayodhya division. The city is about 30 km east of Lu ...

United Provinces of British India The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was a province of India under the British Raj, which existed from 22 March 1902 to 1937; the official name was shortened by the Government of India Act 1935 to United Provinces (UP), by which the province h ...

(now

Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh ( ; UP) is a States and union territories of India, state in North India, northern India. With over 241 million inhabitants, it is the List of states and union territories of India by population, most populated state in In ...

). He acquired his primary education in local

madrassas Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , ), sometimes romanized as madrasah or madrassa, is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary education or higher learning. ...

and then went to Jami’ul Ulum in

Kanpur Kanpur (Hindustani language, Hindustani: ), originally named Kanhapur and formerly anglicized as Cawnpore, is the second largest city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of Uttar Pradesh after Lucknow. It was the primary ...

. He completed his

dars-e-nizami Dars-i Nizami () is a study curriculum or system used in many Islamic institutions (madrassas) and Darul Ulooms, which originated in the Indian subcontinent in the 18th century and can now also be found in parts of South Africa, Canada, the United ...

studies under

Kifayatullah Dihlawi Kifayatullah Dehlawi (also known as Mufti Kifayatullah; c. 1875c. 31 December 1952), was an Indian Islamic scholar and a Hanafi jurist, who served as the second rector of the Madrasa Aminia. He was appointed as an interim president of the Jamiat ...

in Delhi. Amīni started teaching at Madrasa Subhania Delhi,

and Jami'ul-Uloom in

. He moved to

Nagpur Nagpur (; ISO 15919, ISO: ''Nāgapura'') is the second capital and third-largest city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is called the heart of India because of its central geographical location. It is the largest and most populated city i ...

in 1950, where he taught in Madrasa Sanwiya and High School for about 6 years and then moved to

Ajmer Ajmer () is a city in the north-western States and union territories of India, Indian state of Rajasthan. It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Ajmer district and Ajmer division. It lies at the centre of Rajasthan, earning it the ...

in 1956 to teach at Darul Uloom Muinia where he became Principal and Shaykh al-Hadith. His career in Darul Uloom Muinia lasted for about seven years and he mainly taught

Hadith sciences Hadith sciences ( ''ʻilm al-ḥadīth'' "science of hadith") consists of several religious scholarly disciplines used by Muslim scholars in the study and evaluation of the hadith. ("Science" is used in the sense of a field of study, not to be ...

. At the request of

Saeed Ahmad Akbarabadi Saeed Ahmad Akbarabadi (1908 – 24 May 1985) was an Indian Islamic scholar and an Urdu-language author who co-founded the Nadwatul Musannifeen. He served as the dean of the Faculty of Theology in Aligarh Muslim University. Akbarabadi was an ...

, Amīni joined

(AMU) as a lecturer in the department of Sunni Theology in 1964. He became a professor and department head, then the Dean of the Faculty of Theology, and stayed at the AMU until 1986. However, the Vice Chancellor of the AMU, Sayyid Hashim Ali extended his post up to 1989. Amīni was a member of Majlis Tahqeeqat-e-Shariah, a jurisprudence council established by

Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi Syed Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi (also known as Ali Miyan; 5 December 1913 – 31 December 1999) was a leading Indian Islamic scholar, thinker, writer, preacher, reformer and a Muslim public intellectual of 20th century India and the author of ...

. Amīni died on 21 January 1991 in

Aligarh Aligarh (; formerly known as Koil) is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. It is the administrative headquarters of Aligarh district and lies northwest of state capital Lucknow and approximately southeast of the capital, New Delhi. ...

. At the AMU, Javed Ahsan Falahi wrote a doctoral thesis entitled ''Mawlana Muhammad Taqi Amīni: Life and Contributions''.

Understanding of punishment

In ''Punishment of Apostasy in Islam'', S. A. Rahman says that, according to Amini,

Literary works

Amīni's books include: *''Ahkam-e-Sharia Mai Halat-o-Zamana Ki Ri'ayat'' *''Fiqh-e-Islami Ka Tareekhi Pas-e-Manzar'' *''Hadees Ka Dirayati Meyar'' *''Hikmatul Quran'' *''Ijtehad Ka Tareekhi Pas-e-Manzar'' *''Islam Ka Zar'i Nizam'' *''Ka’inat mai Insan ka Maqam'' *''La-mazhabi Daur Ka Tareekhi Pas-e-Manzar'' *''Muraslat: Ilmi wa Deeni'' *''Tahzib-e-Jadīd ki Tashkīl'' ()

References

Bibliography

* * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Amini, Muhammad Taqi 1926 births 1991 deaths Deobandis Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam Urdu-language writers from India 20th-century Indian jurists Academic staff of Aligarh Muslim University Madrasa Aminia alumni People from Barabanki district

Biography

Understanding of punishment

Literary works

See also

References

Bibliography