Mount Kitanglad
   HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Mount Kitanglad is an inactive volcano located in the Kitanglad Mountain Range in
Bukidnon Bukidnon (), officially the Province of Bukidnon (; ; ; Bukid language, Binukid and Higaonon language, Higaonon: ''Probinsya ta Bukidnon''), is a landlocked Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Northern Mindan ...
province on
Mindanao Mindanao ( ) is the List of islands of the Philippines, second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and List of islands by population, seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the ...
island. It is the fourth highest mountain in the
Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...
and has an approximate height of . It is located between
Malaybalay Malaybalay City, officially the City of Malaybalay (Bukid language, Binukid: ''Bánuwa ta Malaybaláy''), is a Cities of the Philippines#Legal classification, component city and capital of the Provinces of the Philippines, province of Bukidnon, ...
and the municipalities of Lantapan,
Impasugong Impasugong, officially the Municipality of Impasugong ( Binukid and Higaonon: ''Bánuwa ta Impasug-ung''; ; ), is a municipality in the province of Bukidnon, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 53,863 people. It ...
, Sumilao and Libona. It is home to one of the Philippines' few remaining rainforests. It is part of the ancestral domain of the Higaonon, the Talaandig, and the Bukidnon people. Due to its high elevation, several communications and broadcasting companies constructed relay stations at the summit.


Etymology and folklore

Mount Kitanglad is part of the ancestral lands of three
Lumad The Lumad are a group of Austronesian indigenous peoples in the southern Philippines. It is a Cebuano term meaning "native" or "indigenous". The term is short for Katawhang Lumad (Literally: "indigenous people"), the autonym officially ado ...
groups: the Higaonon, the Talaandig, and the Bukidnon people. In their common oral legend of ''Olaging'', there was once a
great flood A flood myth or a deluge myth is a myth in which a great flood, usually sent by a deity or deities, destroys civilization, often in an act of divine retribution. Parallels are often drawn between the flood waters of these myths and the primeva ...
that submerged the area leaving only the tips of the mountains visible (a story shared by neighboring Mount Kalatungan). During the flood, the visible portion of Mount Kitanglad resembled a patch of ''tanglad'' (
lemongrass ''Cymbopogon'', also known as lemongrass, barbed wire grass, silky heads, oily heads, Cochin grass, Malabar grass, citronella grass or fever grass, is a genus of Asian, African, Australian, and tropical island plants in the grass family. Some ...
), an important medicinal plant, and was thus named "Kitanglad" (also spelled "Katanglad") by the legendary ''
datu ''Datu'' is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs) of numerous Indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. The title is still used today, though no ...
'' Agbibilin. Agbibilin is said to have four sons, each of the sons were the ancestors of the modern-day Manobo; the Maranao; the
Maguindanao Maguindanao (; Maguindanaon: ''Dairat nu Magindanaw''; Iranun: ''Perobinsia a Magindanao''; ) was a province of the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). From 2014 to 2022, its provincial capital ...
; and finally the three groups native to Kitanglad: the Higaonon, Talaandig, and Bukidnon. The four brothers and their tribes were constantly at war with each other over territory, until Agbibilin commanded them to settle their dispute by delineating their territories. They met at a house in Barabyas, Tikalaan (in Talakag, southwest of Kitanglad) and performed the peace pact ritual (''Tampuda ho Balagon''). In the pact, the brothers marked territories to prevent further war, using rivers and peaks of mountain ranges (''tagaytay''). Mount Kitanglad as well as northern Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental went to the Higaonon-Talaandig-Bukidnon group. According to the Mines and Geosciences Bureau Lands Geological Survey Division, Mount Kitanglad was also known to the Spanish as Mount Alanguilan, from an 1850 Spanish military sketch of a Moro encampment in the summit overlooking the "Rio de Cumaycay" (which is the Kumaykay River in Dahilayan, Manolo Fortich) during the Spanish-Moro Wars. The name is from Tagalog , referring to the
ylang-ylang ''Cananga odorata'', known as ylang-ylang ( ) or cananga tree, is a tropical tree that is native to the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Queensland, Australia. It is also native to parts of Thailand and Vie ...
tree ('' Cananga odorata'').


Conservation

Mount Kitanglad was proclaimed a protected area under the natural park category through ''Presidential Proclamation 896'' dated October 24, 1996. On November 9, 2000, Mount Kitanglad finally became a full-fledged protected area when Congress approved ''Republic Act 8978'' also known as the "Mt. Kitanglad Range Protected Area Act of 2000." Mount Kitanglad hosts over 600 rare and endemic species, including the Philippine tarsier and the Rafflesia schadenbergiana, the world's second largest flower. It is a nesting place for the critically endangered
Philippine eagle The Philippine eagle (''Pithecophaga jefferyi''), also known as the monkey-eating eagle or great Philippine eagle, is a critically endangered species of eagle of the family Accipitridae which is Endemism, endemic to forests in the Geography of ...
. Other endemic species that are found here are the pygmy fruit bat Alionycteris paucidentata and two native mice, Katanglad shrew-mouse and Gray-bellied mountain rat. In 2009, Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park (MKRNP) was declared as an ASEAN Heritage Park.


Ancestral domain

Mount Kitanglad is part of the ancestral domain of three major Indigenous groups: the Talaandig, Higaonon, and Bukidnon peoples. Indigenous communities are working to have Mount Kitanglad recognized as Indigenous peoples' and community conserved territories and areas to enforce Indigenous customary rules on the mountain range.


See also

* Mount Kalatungan *
List of Southeast Asian mountains The following is a list of some of the mountains of Southeast Asia. List of highest mountains See also *List of highest mountains *List of highest mountains of New Guinea *List of islands by highest point *List of ribus (summits in Indonesia ...
*
List of inactive volcanoes in the Philippines This is a list of inactive volcanoes in the Philippines. Volcanoes with no record of eruptions are considered as extinct or inactive. Their physical form since their last activity has been altered by agents of weathering and erosion with the for ...


Notes


References


Further reading

*


External links


Pinoy Mountaineer

Mount Kitanglad on Mountain-Forecast
{{Ten Highest Mountains in the Philippines Kitanglad Kitanglad Landforms of Bukidnon Inactive volcanoes of the Philippines