''Minuartia'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...
s commonly known as
sandworts in the
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Caryophyllaceae
Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyledon order Caryophyllales in the APG III system, alongside 33 other families, including Amaranth ...
.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. Species are distributed in Eurasia and parts of Africa, including Europe, the Mediterranean region, northern and eastern Africa, the
Caucasus
The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region spanning Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, comprising parts of Southern Russia, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The Caucasus Mountains, i ...
, western and central Asia, Japan, and Far Eastern Russia.
[
Many ''Minuartia'' species were formerly classed in the genus '' Arenaria'', and the obsolete genus ''Alsine''. In 2014, the ]polyphyletic
A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...
''Minuartia'' ''sensu lato
''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular co ...
'' was recircumscribed, with many of the species transferred to other genera, including '' Cherleria'', '' Eremogone'', ''Facchinia
''Facchinia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the pink and carnation family Caryophyllaceae, native to the Pyrenees and the Alps. Many species in this genus were previously placed in ''Minuartia
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants c ...
'', '' Mcneillia'', '' Minuartiella'', ''Mononeuria
''Mononeuria'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae
Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyledon or ...
'', ''Pseudocherleria
''Pseudocherleria'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae
Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyled ...
'', ''Rhodalsine
''Rhodalsine geniculata'' is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Caryophyllaceae. It is the sole species in genus ''Rhodalsine''.
Its native range is the Canary Islands, the Mediterranean Basin (northern Africa, Iberia, Italy, ...
'', '' Sabulina'', and ''Triplateia
''Triplateia moehringioides'' is a species of flowering plant in the carnation family, Caryophyllaceae. It is the sole species in genus ''Triplateia''. It is an annual or subshrub
A subshrub (Latin ''suffrutex'') or undershrub is either a sma ...
''.[ ''Minuartia'' '']sensu stricto
''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular c ...
'' is characterized by the following features: leaves linear-setaceous; 5 acute sepals with 3, 5, or 9-veins; 5 white petals; 3 styles, forming 3-parted capsules.[
The genus was named for ]Juan Minuart
''Juan'' is a given name, the Spanish and Manx versions of ''John''. The name is of Hebrew origin and has the meaning "God has been gracious." It is very common in Spain and in other Spanish-speaking countries around the world and in the Philippi ...
(1693–1768), a Spanish botanist and pharmacist.
Species
67 species are accepted.[
*'']Minuartia abchasica
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia adenotricha
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia aksoyi
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia alpuensis
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia anatolica
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia athoa''
*'' Minuartia bosniaca'' – Bosnian sandwort
*''Minuartia bulgarica
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia buschiana
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia campestris
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia confusa
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia corymbulosa''
*'' Minuartia cymifera''
*''Minuartia decipiens
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia dichotoma
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia ebracteolata''
*''Minuartia ellenbeckii
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia erythrosepala
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia eurytanica
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia euxina''
*''Minuartia filifolia
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia funkii''
*''Minuartia globulosa
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia glomerata''
*''Minuartia granuliflora
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia greuteriana''
*''Minuartia hamata
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia hamzaoglui''
*'' Minuartia hirsuta''
*'' Minuartia hondoensis''
*'' Minuartia innominata''
*'' Minuartia intermedia''
*'' Minuartia isaurica''
*''Minuartia kitanovii
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia krascheninnikovii''
*'' Minuartia lanuginosa''
*''Minuartia leucocephala
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia leucocephaloides
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia libanotica
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia mairei''
*''Minuartia meyeri
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia micrantha''
*'' Minuartia montana''
*'' Minuartia mucronata''
*'' Minuartia multinervis''
*'' Minuartia nifensis''
*''Minuartia palyzanica
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia parvulorum''
*'' Minuartia pauciflora''
*''Minuartia perdita
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia recurva'' – recurved sandwort, sickle-leaved sandwort
*''Minuartia rostrata
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia rumelica
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia sandwithii
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia sclerantha''
*'' Minuartia setacea''
*'' Minuartia sintenisii'' – Troodos sandwort
*'' Minuartia smejkalii (Dvořáková)''
*'' Minuartia stereoneura''
*'' Minuartia stojanovii''
*'' Minuartia strandjensis''
*''Minuartia tchihatchewii
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia tenuissima
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia torosensis
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*'' Minuartia tricostata''
*'' Minuartia turcica''
*''Minuartia valedictionis
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
*''Minuartia woronowii
''Minuartia'' is a genus of flowering plants commonly known as sandworts in the family Caryophyllaceae.
Minuartias are small annual or perennial plants which grow in otherwise inhospitable conditions such as on rocky ledges and in stony soil. S ...
''
Formerly placed here
* '' Cherleria arctica'' – Arctic sandwort (as ''Minuartia arctica'' )
*'' Cherleria biflora'' – mountain sandwort (as ''Minuartia biflora'' )
*'' Cherleria dirphya'' (as ''Minuartia dirphya'' )
*'' Cherleria laricifolia'' (as ''Minuartia laricifolia'' )
*'' Cherleria marcescens'' – serpentine sandwort (as ''Minuartia marcescens'' )
*'' Cherleria obtusiloba'' – twinflower sandwort (as ''Minuartia obtusiloba'' )
*'' Cherleria sedoides'' (as ''Minuartia sedoides'' )
*'' Cherleria yukonensis'' – Yukon sandwort (as ''Minuartia yukonensis'' )
*'' Facchinia cherlerioides'' (as ''Minuartia cherlerioides'' )
*''Geocarpon carolinianum
''Geocarpon'' is a genus of flowering plants in the carnation family, Caryophyllaceae. It includes seven species native to North America, from the eastern subarctic (including Greenland) through the eastern, southeastern, and central United State ...
'' – pinebarren sandwort (as ''Minuartia caroliniana'' )
*''Geocarpon cumberlandense
''Geocarpon cumberlandense'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the pink family known by the common names Cumberland stitchwort and Cumberland sandwort. It is endemic to the Cumberland Plateau near the Big South Fork of the Cumberland River ...
'' – Cumberland sandwort (as ''Minuartia cumberlandensis'' )
*''Geocarpon glabrum
''Geocarpon glabrum'', commonly called Appalachian stichwort, is a species of flowering plant in the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae). It is native to the eastern United States, where it has a scattered distribution.
Its natural habitat is are ...
'' – Appalachian sandwort (as ''Minuartia glabra'' )
*''Geocarpon groenlandicum
''Geocarpon groenlandicum'', the Greenland stitchwort or mountain stitchwort,
Appalachian stitchwort, mountain sandwort, smooth mountain sandwort, and smooth sandwort is a rare perennial[Geocarpon nuttallii
''Geocarpon'' is a genus of flowering plants in the carnation family, Caryophyllaceae. It includes seven species native to North America, from the eastern subarctic (including Greenland) through the eastern, southeastern, and central United State ...]
'' – Drummond's sandwort (as ''Minuartia nuttallii'' and ''M. drummondii'' )
*''Geocarpon uniflorum
''Geocarpon uniflorum'', the one-flower stitchwort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is native to the Southeastern United States where it is primarily found in the Piedmont
Piedmont ( ; ; ) is one of the 2 ...
'' (as ''Minuartia uniflora'' )
*'' Mcneillia graminifolia'' (as ''Minuartia graminifolia'' )
*'' Pseudocherleria macrocarpa'' – longpod sandwort (as ''Minuartia macrocarpa'' )
*'' Sabulina austromontana'' – Columbian sandwort (as ''Minuartia austromontana'' )
*''Sabulina californica
''Sabulina californica'', commonly known as California sandwort, is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae.
It is native to valleys, foothills, and mountains in California and Oregon. It grows in many types of habitat, includ ...
'' – California sandwort (as ''Minuartia californica'' )
*''Sabulina cismontana
''Sabulina cismontana'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common name cismontane minuartia.
It is native to Oregon and northern and central California, where it occurs in woodland and chaparral habitat, o ...
'' (as ''Minuartia cismontana'' )
*''Sabulina dawsonensis Sabulina may refer to:
* ''Sabulina'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae
Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyl ...
'' – rock sandwort (as ''Minuartia dawsonensis'' )
*''Sabulina decumbens
''Sabulina decumbens'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common names The Lassics sandwort and Lassicus stitchwort.
The species was described in 1981 from the Holotype, type specimen observed on Mule ...
'' – Lassicus sandwort (as ''Minuartia decumbens'' )
*''Sabulina douglasii
''Sabulina douglasii'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common name Douglas' stitchwort.
It is native to the chaparral and oak woodlands in much of California, southern Oregon, and parts of Arizona.
Des ...
'' – Douglas' sandwort (as ''Minuartia douglasii'' )
*''Sabulina elegans
''Sabulina elegans'', the elegant stichwort or Ross' stitchwort, is a species of flowering plant. It is native to Alaska and northwestern Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, and Yukon Territory).
References
External links ...
'' (as ''Minuartia elegans'' )
*''Sabulina howellii
''Sabulina howellii'' is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common names Howell's stitchwort and Howell's sandwort.
It is native to the Klamath Mountains of northwestern California and southwestern ...
'' – Howell's sandwort (as ''Minuartia howellii'' )
*''Sabulina juniperina Sabulina may refer to:
* ''Sabulina'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae
Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyl ...
'' (as ''Minuartia juniperina''
*'' Sabulina macra'' – slender sandwort (as ''Minuartia tenella'' )
*''Sabulina macrantha Sabulina may refer to:
* Sabulina (plant), ''Sabulina'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae
* Sabulina (foraminifera), ''Sabulina'' (foraminifera), a genus of foraminifers in the family Ataxophragmiidae
* ''Sabulina'', a genus o ...
'' – House's sandwort or threadbranch sandwort (as ''M. macrantha'' and ''M. filiorum'' )
*''Sabulina michauxii Sabulina may refer to:
* ''Sabulina'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae
Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyl ...
'' – rock sandwort (as ''Minuartia michauxii'' )
*'' Sabulina muscorum'' – Dixie sandwort (as ''Minuartia muscorum'' )
*''Sabulina nuttallii
''Sabulina nuttallii'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common names Nuttall's sandwort and brittle sandwort.
It is native to western North America from southwestern Canada to California and Nevada, wher ...
'' – Nuttall's sandwort (as ''Minuartia nuttallii'' )
*''Sabulina paludicola Sabulina may refer to:
* ''Sabulina'' (plant), a genus of plants in the family Caryophyllaceae
Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyl ...
'' – Godfrey's sandwort (as ''Minuartia godfreyi'' )
*''Sabulina patula
''Sabulina patula'', common names pitcher's stitchwort or lime-barren sandwort, is an annual plant in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is native to sections of the eastern and central United States, primarily the lower Mississippi Valley, the sout ...
'' – pitcher's sandwort (as ''Minuartia patula'' )
*'' Sabulina pusilla'' – annual sandwort (as ''Minuartia pusilla'' )
*''Sabulina rosei
''Sabulina rosei'' is an uncommon species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common names peanut sandwort and peanut stitchwort.
It is endemic to northwestern California, in the Klamath Mountains and North California C ...
'' – peanut sandwort (as ''Minuartia rosei'' )
*'' Sabulina rossii'' – Ross' sandwort (as ''Minuartia rossii'' )
*'' Sabulina rubella'' (as ''Minuartia rubella'' )
*'' Sabulina stolonifera'' (as ''Minuartia stolonifera'' )
*'' Sabulina stricta'' – bog sandwort (as ''Minuartia stricta'' )
*'' Sabulina verna'' – spring sandwort (as ''Minuartia verna'' )
*'' Sabulina viscosa'' (as ''Minuartia viscosa'' )
References
{{Authority control
Caryophyllaceae genera