Micou Point
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Wohlschlag Bay () is a large bay indenting the western side of
Ross Island Ross Island is an island in Antarctica lying on the east side of McMurdo Sound and extending from Cape Bird in the north to Cape Armitage in the south, and a similar distance from Cape Royds in the west to Cape Crozier in the east. The isl ...
,
Antarctica Antarctica () is Earth's southernmost and least-populated continent. Situated almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle and surrounded by the Southern Ocean (also known as the Antarctic Ocean), it contains the geographic South Pole. ...
, and lying between Harrison Bluff and
Cape Royds Cape Royds () is a dark rock cape forming the western extremity of Ross Island, facing on McMurdo Sound, Antarctica. It was discovered by the British National Antarctic Expedition (BrNAE) (1901–1904) and named for Lieutenant Charles Royds, ...
.


Exploration and naming

Wohlschlag Bay was charted by the
Discovery Expedition The ''Discovery'' Expedition of 1901–1904, known officially as the British National Antarctic Expedition, was the first official British exploration of the Antarctic regions since the voyage of James Clark Ross sixty years earlier (1839–184 ...
under
Robert Falcon Scott Captain Robert Falcon Scott (6 June 1868 – ) was a British Royal Navy officer and explorer who led two expeditions to the Antarctic regions: the Discovery Expedition, ''Discovery'' expedition of 1901–04 and the Terra Nova Expedition ...
, 1901–1904. It was named by the United States
Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names The Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (ACAN or US-ACAN) is an advisory committee of the United States Board on Geographic Names responsible for recommending commemorative names for features in Antarctica. History The committee was established ...
(US-ACAN) in 1964 for Donald E. Wohlschlag, professor of biology at
Stanford University Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University, is a Private university, private research university in Stanford, California, United States. It was founded in 1885 by railroad magnate Leland Stanford (the eighth ...
, who outfitted the biology laboratories on the USNS Eltanin and at
McMurdo Station McMurdo Station is an American Antarctic research station on the southern tip of Ross Island. It is operated by the United States through the United States Antarctic Program (USAP), a branch of the National Science Foundation. The station is ...
, where he worked five summer seasons from 1958–64. Wohlschlag, who died in 2007, is known for work on the blood chemistry of fish that survive in very cold water. On 13 October 1992 a United States Navy
Bell UH-1 Iroquois The Bell UH-1 Iroquois (nicknamed "Huey") is a utility military helicopter designed and produced by the American aerospace company Bell Helicopter. It is the first member of the prolific Huey family, as well as the first turbine-powered hel ...
helicopter crashed in bad weather in Wohlschlag Bay near Cape Royds. There were two fatalities out of the five occupants. A stratospheric balloon used in the Japanese American Collaborative Emulsion Experiment (JACEE) came down in Wohlschlag Bay off Cape Royds on 23 December 1993. It crashed through the ice about offshore, and could not be recovered.


Biology

Microalgal communities live in the lower layers of sea ice in Wohlschlag Bay. With a monospecific population of ''Nitzschia stellata'', a common ice alga, studies suggested that there was no grazing activity. The congelation ice appears to be a refugium for the algae that many grazing animals cannot access. However, samples of
zooplankton Zooplankton are the heterotrophic component of the planktonic community (the " zoo-" prefix comes from ), having to consume other organisms to thrive. Plankton are aquatic organisms that are unable to swim effectively against currents. Consequent ...
from near the sea edge of the fast sea-ice in Wohlschlag Bay shows much the same mix as further south in
McMurdo Sound The McMurdo Sound is a sound in Antarctica, known as the southernmost passable body of water in the world, located approximately from the South Pole. Captain James Clark Ross discovered the sound in February 1841 and named it after Lieutenant ...
, apart from higher densities of the pteropod ''
Limacina helicina ''Limacina helicina'' is a species of small swimming planktonic sea snail, in the family Limacinidae. It belongs to the group commonly known as Sea butterfly, sea butterflies (Thecosomata). ''Limacina helicina'' is a keystone species of mesozoo ...
''. The density of zooplankton was low, and dominated by small
copepod Copepods (; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat (ecology), habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthos, benthic (living on the sedimen ...
s such as ''
Oithona similis ''Oithona'' is a planktonic crustacean genus found in marine, brackish, fresh water environments. ''Oithona'' has been described as the most ubiquitous and abundant copepod in the world's oceans. It was first described by Baird in 1843 using the ...
'', '' Ctenocalanus citer'' and ''
Oncaea curvata ''Oncaea'' is a genus of copepods. The genus contains bioluminescent species. Unlike other bioluminescent copepods, ''Oncaea'' have an internal (non-secreted) bioluminescence. ''Oncaea'' contains the following species: *'' Oncaea africana'' Shm ...
'', particularly in depths under . Larger crustaceans were found at greated depths, including copepods such as ''
Metridia gerlachei ''Metridia gerlachei'' is a copepod found primarily in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters. Description In length, the female ''M. gerlachei'' is between about with a mean of . The male is smaller, between about and averaging in length. Distr ...
'' and ''
Calanoides acutus ''Calanoides acutus'' is a copepod found in Antarctica and the surrounding waters. Description The female ranges from about , and the male has an average length of about . Distribution ''Calanoides acutus'' is found in Antarctic and sub-Antarct ...
''.


Features


Maumee Bight

. A bight between Rocky Point and Micou Point on the west side of Ross Island. The feature is long and forms the south part of Wohlschlag Bay. In association with the names of expedition ships grouped on this island, it was named after U.S. Naval Ship (USNS) ''Maumee'', a tanker that made at least 12 Antarctic deployments to the Ross Sea from 1969-70 to 1984-85. With a 7,000,000 gallon capacity, and increased tank storage at McMurdo Station, Maumee initiated a program of delivering a whole year's supply of bulk petroleum products to the station in a single trip. Prior to 1969 it took two smaller ships six trips to deliver the same amount of fuel.


Alcorta Rocks

. A
nunatak A nunatak (from Inuit language, Inuit ) is the summit or ridge of a mountain that protrudes from an ice field or glacier that otherwise covers most of the mountain or ridge. They often form natural pyramidal peaks. Isolated nunataks are also cal ...
on the east shore of Maumee Bight, 1.6 mi east-northeast of Rocky Point. The feature rises to about and is distinctive because three ridges radiate from the center. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) (2000) after Jesse J. Alcorta, year round support employee with eight field seasons at McMurdo Station from 1992-93 and many trips to South Pole Station and Christchurch; hazardous waste handling specialist at both McMurdo and South Pole Stations; cryogenic technician in support of the U.S. Antarctic Project (USAP) laboratories.


Micou Point

. A point northeast of Cape Royds on the west side of Ross Island. The point constitutes the north end of Maumee Bight. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 1993 for air crewman United States Navy (United States Navy) Benjamin Micou, who lost his life in a helicopter accident near this point on October 13, 1992.


Tazieff Rocks

. A nunatak southeast of Micou Point. It rises to about high at the south end of
Endeavour Piedmont Glacier Mount Bird () is a high shield volcano standing about south of Cape Bird, the northern extremity of Ross Island. It was mapped by the British National Antarctic Expedition, 1901–04, under Robert Falcon Scott, and apparently named by them a ...
. At the suggestion of P.R. Kyle, named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) after Haroun Tazieff (d.), a renowned French volcanologist who worked at Mount Erebus with several groups of French scientists in three field seasons, 1973-79.


References


Sources

* * * * * * * * * * {{Ross Island Bays of Ross Island