Merchants and Miners Transportation Company, often called M&M and ''Queen of Sea'', was a major cargo and passenger shipping company founded in 1852 in

Baltimore Baltimore is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland. With a population of 585,708 at the 2020 census and estimated at 568,271 in 2024, it is the 30th-most populous U.S. city. The Baltimore metropolitan area is the 20th-large ...

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east ...

. In 1852 is started with routes from Baltimore and

Boston Boston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and Financial centre, financial center of New England, a region of the Northeas ...

two wooden side wheelers ships. In 1859 M&M added two iron hulled steamers to its fleet. In 1866, post

Civil War A civil war is a war between organized groups within the same Sovereign state, state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government policies.J ...

, M&M added routes to

Providence, Rhode Island Providence () is the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of municipalities in Rhode Island, most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. The county seat of Providence County, Rhode Island, Providence County, it is o ...

Norfolk Norfolk ( ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in England, located in East Anglia and officially part of the East of England region. It borders Lincolnshire and The Wash to the north-west, the North Sea to the north and eas ...

and

Savannah, Georgia Savannah ( ) is the oldest city in the U.S. state of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia and the county seat of Chatham County, Georgia, Chatham County. Established in 1733 on the Savannah River, the city of Savannah became the Kingdom of Great Brita ...

. In 1876 M&M purchased the Baltimore & Savannah Steamship Company add routes to

Savannah A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) biome and ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach th ...

Jacksonville Jacksonville ( ) is the most populous city proper in the U.S. state of Florida, located on the Atlantic coast of North Florida, northeastern Florida. It is the county seat of Duval County, Florida, Duval County, with which the City of Jacksonv ...

and Charleston. In 1907 the Winsor Line of

Philadelphia Philadelphia ( ), colloquially referred to as Philly, is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, most populous city in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the List of United States cities by population, sixth-most populous city in the Unit ...

's J. S. Winslow & Company of

Portland, Maine Portland is the List of municipalities in Maine, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maine and the county seat, seat of Cumberland County, Maine, Cumberland County. Portland's population was 68,408 at the 2020 census. The Portland metropolit ...

was purchased, with seven steamships. The Winsor Line was founded in 1884 by J. S. Winslow. The Winsor Line first route was from

Norfolk, Virginia Norfolk ( ) is an independent city (United States), independent city in the U.S. state of Virginia. It had a population of 238,005 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, making it the List of cities in Virginia, third-most populous city ...

New England New England is a region consisting of six states in the Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. It is bordered by the state of New York (state), New York to the west and by the ...

ports, supplying

West Virginia West Virginia is a mountainous U.S. state, state in the Southern United States, Southern and Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.The United States Census Bureau, Census Bureau and the Association of American ...

coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other Chemical element, elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal i ...

. The Winsor Line sailing ship ''Addie M. Lawrence'' took

ammunition Ammunition, also known as ammo, is the material fired, scattered, dropped, or detonated from any weapon or weapon system. The term includes both expendable weapons (e.g., bombs, missiles, grenades, land mines), and the component parts of oth ...

to Europe during

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

. By

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

M&M had a fleet of 18 ships and add routes to

Miami Miami is a East Coast of the United States, coastal city in the U.S. state of Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County, Florida, Miami-Dade County in South Florida. It is the core of the Miami metropolitan area, which, with a populat ...

. With the outbreak of

the

War Shipping Administration The War Shipping Administration (WSA) was a World War II emergency war agency of the US government, tasked to purchase and operate the civilian shipping tonnage the United States needed for fighting the war. Both shipbuilding under the Maritime C ...

requisitioned Merchants and Miners Transportation Company fleet of ships for the war effort.theshipslist.com Merchants and Miners Transportation Company
/ref> During World War II Merchants and Miners Transportation Company operated Merchant navy ships for the

United States Shipping Board The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was a corporation established as an emergency agency by the 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting ...

. During World War II Merchants and Miners Transportation Company was active with charter shipping with the

Maritime Commission The United States Maritime Commission was an independent executive agency of the U.S. federal government that was created by the Merchant Marine Act of 1936, which was passed by Congress on June 29, 1936, and was abolished on May 24, 1950. The c ...

and War Shipping Administration. Merchants and Miners Transportation Company operated

Liberty ship Liberty ships were a ship class, class of cargo ship built in the United States during World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding Program. Although British in concept, the design was adopted by the United States for its simple, low-cost cons ...

s for the merchant navy. The ship was run by its Merchants and Miners Transportation Company crew and the

US Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the naval warfare, maritime military branch, service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is the world's most powerful navy with the largest Displacement (ship), displacement, at 4.5 millio ...

supplied

United States Navy Armed Guard The United States Navy Armed Guard was a force of United States Navy gunners and related personnel established during World War II to protect U.S. merchant shipping from enemy attack.World War II U.S. Navy Armed Guard and World War II U.S. Merc ...

s to man the deck guns and radio. Post World War II, with an aging fleet of ships, the shareholders sold off the fleet of ships, did not buy any surplus warships and closed in 1948.

Jacob S. Winslow

Captain Jacob S. Winslow (1827–1902) founded the sailing ship company ''Winsor Line'' in 1861, he was born in

Pembroke, Maine Pembroke is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States. The population was 788 at the 2020 census. The town is home to a reversing falls on Mahar's Point. History Called ''Pennamaquan'' by the Passamaquoddy Indians, the area was set ...

. He started as a seaman at age 14 and at 19 was the captain of his own ship. He had two shipyards that built over 100 ships, one in

Portland Portland most commonly refers to: *Portland, Oregon, the most populous city in the U.S. state of Oregon *Portland, Maine, the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maine *Isle of Portland, a tied island in the English Channel Portland may also r ...

, the Winslow Shipbuilding Company and one in Pembroke, Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia,

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...

. In 1919 Captain W.A. Magee joined Winslow Shipbuilding Company as VP and GM. Winslow was an abolitionist and politically active, he had the nickname of "barefoot". Winslow married Philena Morton (1832–1877) in 1853.

Ships

* Merchants and Miners Transportation Company ships: ** SS ''William Lawrence'' (1869) a historic shipwreck and archaeological site off

Hilton Head Island, South Carolina Hilton Head Island, often referred to as simply Hilton Head, is a South Carolina Lowcountry, Lowcountry resort town and barrier island in Beaufort County, South Carolina, United States. It is northeast of Savannah, Georgia (as the crow flies), a ...

** SS ''Dorchester'' ** SS ''Yorktown'' (1894) ** USS ''Vulcan'' (1884) ** SS ''Telena'' ** SS ''Suwannee'', sold in 1917 to Savannah Line, renamed City of Rome. Sank 25 September 1925 after a collision with USS ''S-51'' (SS-162). file:Liberty ship at sea.jpg,

of World War II *World War II ships: * Victory ship: ** ''Pachaug Victory'' *

s: ** ''Harry L. Glucksman'' ** ''Dudley H. Thomas'' ** ''M. E. Comerford'' ** ''Mack Bruton Bryan'' ** ''Milan R. Stefanik'' ** ''B. Charney Vladeck'' ** ''Nathaniel Alexander'' ** SS ''Lewis Emery Jr.'' ** ''Will Rogers'' ** ''William Few'' ** ''Albert C. Ritchie'' ** ''Amelia Earhart'' ** ''Edward A. Savoy'' ** ''Dolly Madison'' ** SS ''Thomas T. Tucker'', sank 1942

All ships owned

All ship owned by Merchants and Miners Transportation Company:

References

External links

Liberty Ships built by the United States Maritime Commission in World War II
{{Authority control Transport companies established in 1852 Defunct shipping companies of the United States 1948 disestablishments in the United States Transport companies disestablished in 1948

Jacob S. Winslow

Ships

All ships owned

See also

References

External links