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A maze is a path or collection of paths, typically from an entrance to a goal. The word is used to refer both to branching
tour puzzle A tour puzzle is a puzzle in which the player travels around a board (usually but not necessarily two-dimensional) using a token which represents a character. Maze puzzles are often of this type. Sometimes the player has more than one token wit ...
s through which the solver must find a route, and to simpler non-branching ("unicursal") patterns that lead unambiguously through a convoluted layout to a goal. The term "
labyrinth In Greek mythology, the Labyrinth () is an elaborate, confusing structure designed and built by the legendary artificer Daedalus for King Minos of Crete at Knossos. Its function was to hold the Minotaur, the monster eventually killed by the h ...
" is generally synonymous with "maze", but can also connote specifically a unicursal pattern. The pathways and walls in a maze are typically fixed, but puzzles in which the walls and paths can change during the game are also categorised as mazes or tour puzzles.


Construction

Mazes have been built with a variety of materials. Some are relatively permanent, like
hedge A hedge or hedgerow is a line of closely spaced (3 feet or closer) shrubs and sometimes trees, planted and trained to form a barrier or to mark the boundary of an area, such as between neighbouring properties. Hedges that are used to separate ...
s,
turf Sod is the upper layer of turf that is harvested for transplanting. Turf consists of a variable thickness of a soil medium that supports a community of turfgrasses. In British and Australian English, sod is more commonly known as ''turf'', ...
, walls, rooms, tiles, and paving stones or bricks. Others are deliberately transitory, like corn stalks, straw bales, books, snow, or in fields of crops such as
corn Maize (; ''Zea mays''), also known as corn in North American English, is a tall stout Poaceae, grass that produces cereal grain. It was domesticated by indigenous peoples of Mexico, indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 9,000 years ago ...
or
maize Maize (; ''Zea mays''), also known as corn in North American English, is a tall stout grass that produces cereal grain. It was domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 9,000 years ago from wild teosinte. Native American ...
. Maize mazes can be very large; they are usually kept only for one growing season, so they can be different each year, and are promoted as seasonal
tourist attraction A tourist attraction is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement. Types Places of natural beaut ...
s. Indoors, mirror mazes are another form of maze, in which many of the apparent pathways are imaginary routes seen through multiple reflections in mirrors. Another type of maze consists of a set of rooms linked by doors (so a passageway is just another room in this definition). Players enter at one spot, and exit at another, or the idea may be to reach a certain spot in the maze. Mazes can also be printed or drawn on
paper Paper is a thin sheet material produced by mechanically or chemically processing cellulose fibres derived from wood, Textile, rags, poaceae, grasses, Feces#Other uses, herbivore dung, or other vegetable sources in water. Once the water is dra ...
to be followed by a
pencil A pencil () is a writing or drawing implement with a solid pigment core in a protective casing that reduces the risk of core breakage and keeps it from marking the user's hand. Pencils create marks by physical abrasion, leaving a trail of ...
or fingertip.


Generation

Maze generation is the act of designing the layout of passages and walls within a maze. There are many different approaches to generating mazes, with various
maze generation algorithm Maze generation algorithms are algorithm, automated methods for the creation of mazes. Graph theory based methods A maze can be generated by starting with a predetermined arrangement of cells (most commonly a rectangular grid but other arra ...
s for building them, either by hand or automatically by
computer A computer is a machine that can be Computer programming, programmed to automatically Execution (computing), carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (''computation''). Modern digital electronic computers can perform generic set ...
. There are two main mechanisms used to generate mazes. In "carving passages", one marks out the network of available routes. In building a maze by "adding walls", one lays out a set of obstructions within an open area.


Solution

Maze solving is the act of finding a route through the maze from the start to finish. Some maze solving methods are designed to be used inside the maze by a traveler with no prior knowledge of the maze, whereas others are designed to be used by a person or computer program that can see the whole maze at once. The
mathematician A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, mathematical structure, structure, space, Mathematica ...
Leonhard Euler Leonhard Euler ( ; ; ; 15 April 170718 September 1783) was a Swiss polymath who was active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician, geographer, and engineer. He founded the studies of graph theory and topology and made influential ...
was one of the first to analyze plane mazes mathematically, and in doing so made the first significant contributions to the branch of mathematics known as
topology Topology (from the Greek language, Greek words , and ) is the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of a Mathematical object, geometric object that are preserved under Continuous function, continuous Deformation theory, deformat ...
. Mazes containing no loops are known as "standard", or "perfect" mazes, and are equivalent to a ''tree'' in graph theory. Thus many maze solving algorithms are closely related to
graph theory In mathematics and computer science, graph theory is the study of ''graph (discrete mathematics), graphs'', which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph in this context is made up of ''Vertex (graph ...
. Intuitively, if one pulled and stretched out the paths in the maze in the proper way, the result could be made to resemble a tree.


Psychology experiments

Mazes are often used in
psychology Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. Its subject matter includes the behavior of humans and nonhumans, both consciousness, conscious and Unconscious mind, unconscious phenomena, and mental processes such as thoughts, feel ...
experiment An experiment is a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried. Experiments provide insight into cause-and-effect by demonstrating what outcome occurs whe ...
s to study spatial
navigation Navigation is a field of study that focuses on the process of monitoring and controlling the motion, movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another.Bowditch, 2003:799. The field of navigation includes four general categories: land navig ...
and
learning Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, value (personal and cultural), values, Attitude (psychology), attitudes, and preferences. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, non-human animals, and ...
. Such experiments typically use
rat Rats are various medium-sized, long-tailed rodents. Species of rats are found throughout the order Rodentia, but stereotypical rats are found in the genus ''Rattus''. Other rat genera include '' Neotoma'' (pack rats), '' Bandicota'' (bandicoo ...
s or
mice A mouse (: mice) is a small rodent. Characteristically, mice are known to have a pointed snout, small rounded ears, a body-length scaly tail, and a high breeding rate. The best known mouse species is the common house mouse (''Mus musculus' ...
. Examples are: *
Barnes maze The Barnes maze is a tool used in psychological laboratory experiments to measure spatial learning and memory. The test was first developed by Carol A. Barnes, Dr. Carol Barnes in 1979. The test subjects are usually rodents such as lab mouse, mice o ...
*
Morris water maze The Morris water navigation task, also known as the Morris water maze (not to be confused with '' water maze''), is a behavioral procedure mostly used with rodents. It is widely used in behavioral neuroscience to study spatial learning and mem ...
**
Oasis maze {{Short description, Test used in spatial memory research The oasis maze is a spatial memory task used in psychology and neuroscience research and is the dry version of the Morris water navigation task. It is a land-based spatial memory task in whi ...
*
Radial arm maze The radial arm maze was designed by Olton and Samuelson in 1976 to measure spatial learning and memory in rats. The original apparatus consists of eight equidistantly spaced arms, each about 4 feet long, and all radiating from a small circular cen ...
*
Elevated plus maze The elevated plus maze (EPM) is a test measuring anxiety in laboratory animals that usually uses Animal testing on rodents, rodents as a Drug discovery#Screening and design, screening test for putative anxiolytic or anxiogenic compounds and as a ...
*
T-maze In behavioral science, a T-maze (or the variant Y-maze) is a simple forked passage used in animal cognition experiments.Olton, D.S. (1979). Mazes, maps, and memory. ''American Psychologist'', 34, 583–596). It is shaped like the letter T (or ...


Types

;
Ball-in-a-maze puzzle Ball-in-a-maze puzzles are dexterity puzzles which involve manipulating either a maze (or labyrinth) or one or several balls so that the ball or balls are maneuvered towards a goal. Toys like this have been popular since '' Pigs in Clover'' (al ...
s: Dexterity puzzles which involve navigating a ball through a maze or labyrinth. ;Fractal maze: A maze containing holes inside which the maze is indefinitely repeated at a smaller scale. ;Hamilton maze: A maze in which the goal is to find the unique
Hamiltonian cycle In the mathematics, mathematical field of graph theory, a Hamiltonian path (or traceable path) is a path (graph theory), path in an undirected or directed graph that visits each vertex (graph theory), vertex exactly once. A Hamiltonian cycle (or ...
. ;
Logic maze Logic mazes, sometimes called mazes with rules or multi-state mazes, are logic puzzles with all the aspects of a tour puzzle that fall outside of the scope of a typical maze. These mazes have special rules, sometimes including multiple states of t ...
s: These are like standard mazes except they use rules other than "don't cross the lines" to restrict motion. ;
Picture maze An image or picture is a visual representation. An image can be two-dimensional, such as a drawing, painting, or photograph, or three-dimensional, such as a carving or sculpture. Images may be displayed through other media, including a proje ...
: A standard maze that forms a picture when solved. ;
Turf maze Historically, a turf maze is a labyrinth made by cutting a convoluted path into a level area of short grass, sod, turf or lawn. Some had names such as Mizmaze, Troy Town, The Walls of Troy, Julian's Bower, or Shepherd's Race. This is the type of m ...
s and
mizmaze Mizmaze (or Miz-Maze or Miz Maze) is the name given to two of England's eight surviving historic turf mazes, and also to a third, presumably once similar site (at Leigh in Dorset) that is now merely a relic. Of the two which survive, one is at B ...
s: A pattern like a long rope folded up, without any junctions or crossings.


Gallery

File:Maze Type Standard.png, Standard maze: Find a path from and back to the star. File:Circularmazeexample.jpg, Circular maze type: Find a route to the centre of the maze. File:Maze Type Arrow.png, Loops and traps maze: Follow the arrows from and back to the star File:Maze Type Block.png, Block maze: Fill in four blocks to make a road connecting the stars. No diagonals. File:Maze Type Number.png, Number maze: Begin and end at the star. Using the number in your space, jump that number of blocks in a straight line to a new space. No diagonals. Maze bludiste.jpg, Obludiste – a hedge maze in the
Czech republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...


Public attractions


Asia


Dubai

* Gardens Shopping Mall, Dubai (world's largest indoor maze) India * Bhulbhulayia


Japan

* Hikimi no Meiro, Kiso, Nagano, Japan * Kyodai Meiro Palladium, Nikkō, Tochigi, Japan * Sendai Hi-Land,
Sendai, Miyagi is the capital city of Miyagi Prefecture and the largest city in the Tōhoku region. , the city had a population of 1,098,335 in 539,698 households, making it the twelfth most populated city in Japan. The modern city was founded in 1600 by th ...
, Japan * Shirahama Energy Land,
Shirahama, Wakayama is a town in Nishimuro District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 20,704 in 11,024 households and a population density of 100 persons per km². The total area of the town is . Geography Shirahama is located ...
, Japan


Pacific


New Zealand

* Amazing Maze n' Maize * The Great Maze at Puzzling World


Europe


Austria

*
Schönbrunn Palace Schönbrunn Palace (Austrian German, German: Schloss Schönbrunn ) was the main summer residence of the House of Habsburg, Habsburg rulers, located in Hietzing, the 13th district of Vienna. The name ''Schönbrunn'' (meaning "beautiful spring") ha ...
, Vienna, has a large hedge maze in its gardens. * Swarovski Crystal World, Wattens, Tyrol, has a hand-shaped hedge maze in its gardens.


Belgium

*
Loppem Castle Loppem Castle () is a mansion situated in Loppem in the municipality of Zedelgem, near Bruges in West Flanders, in the Flemish Region of Belgium. Unusually, it preserves its original architecture and interior decoration. The castle has a richly d ...
maze


Czech Republic


Obludiste
Dolni Pena ( Jindrichuv Hradec) - hedge maze 6.000 m2


Denmark

* Samsø Labyrinten (The world's largest permanent maze, 60.000 m2)


Germany

* Hortus Vitalis – Der Irrgarten,
Bad Salzuflen Bad Salzuflen () is a town and thermal spa resort in the Lippe district of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. At the end of 2013, it had 52,121 inhabitants. Geography Bad Salzuflen lies on the eastern edge of the Ravensberg Basin, at the confluenc ...
(hedge maze)


Greece

* Labyrinth Park near
Hersonissos Hersonissos (, meaning “peninsula”, ''Chersónisos'', ), also transliterated as ''Chersonissos'' and ''Hersónisos'', is a town and a local government unit in the north of Crete, bordering the Mediterranean / Aegean Sea. The town is about 25 ...
, Crete (extends to approximately 1.300 m2)


Italy


Castello di Masino, Caravino 10010, Torino, Italia
* ,
Chiusi Chiusi ( Etruscan: ''Clevsin''; Umbrian: ''Camars''; Ancient Greek: ''Klysion'', ''Κλύσιον''; Latin: ''Clusium'') is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy. History Clusium (''Clevsin or Camars'' in Etruscan) ...
, Tuscany (see Pliny's Italian labyrinth) *
Villa Pisani, Stra Villa Pisani at Stra refers to the monumental, late-Baroque rural palace located along the Brenta Canal ( Riviera del Brenta) at Via Doge Pisani 7 near the town of Stra, on the mainland of the Veneto, northern Italy. This villa is one of the ...
, near Venice () * The labyrinth of Franco Maria Ricci at
Fontanellato Fontanellato (Parmigiano dialect, Parmigiano: ) is a small town in the province of Parma, in northern Italy. It lies on the plains of the River Po near the Autostrada A1 (Italy), A1 autostrada, about west of Parma towards Piacenza. The town was ...
()


Netherlands

* ''Waterlabyrinth'',
Nijmegen Nijmegen ( , ; Nijmeegs: ) is the largest city in the Dutch province of Gelderland and the ninth largest of the Netherlands as a whole. Located on the Waal River close to the German border, Nijmegen is one of the oldest cities in the ...
, designed by Klaus van de Locht, 1981 () * Doolhof Ruurlo,
Ruurlo Ruurlo is a village and former municipality in the province of Gelderland in the eastern part of the Netherlands. The town has a station on the Zutphen to Winterswijk railway line, and is served by trains every half-hour in both directions. In ...
, designed by
Daniel Marot Daniel Marot or Daniel Marot the Elder (1661–1752) was a French-born Dutch architect, furniture designer and engraver at the forefront of the classicizing Late Baroque Louis XIV style. He worked for a long time in England and the Dutch Republ ...
, based on the design for
Hampton Court Maze Hampton Court Maze is a hedge maze at Hampton Court Palace and the oldest surviving hedge maze in United Kingdom, Britain. Commissioned by King William III, the maze, which is about one-third of an acre, is planted in a trapezoid shape and wa ...
()


Portugal

* Parque do Arnado,
Ponte de Lima Ponte de Lima () is the oldest ''vila'' (chartered town, head of a municipality) in Portugal, in the district of Viana do Castelo (district), Viana do Castelo. Situated on the southern bank of the Lima River, it takes its name from the medieval br ...
, District of Viana do Castelo * Parque de São Roque, District of Porto * Forest Reserve of Pinhal da Paz, São Miguel Island, Azores


Spain

*
Alcázar of Seville The Alcázar of Seville, officially called Royal Alcázar of Seville (), is a historic royal palace in Seville, Spain. It was formerly the site of the Al-Andalus, Islamic-era citadel of the city, begun in the 10th century and then developed into ...
, Seville * Corn Laberynth in the
Camino de Santiago The Camino de Santiago (, ; ), or the Way of St. James in English, is a network of pilgrims' ways or pilgrimages leading to the shrine of the apostle James in the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela in Galicia in northwestern Spain, where tra ...
, León * Parc del laberint d'Horta, Barcelona, () * Parc de la Torreblanca,
Esplugues de Llobregat Esplugues de Llobregat () is a municipality of the Barcelona metropolitan area. Formerly in the ''Barcelonès'', since 1990 it has been part of the Comarques of Catalonia, comarca of Baix Llobregat. During recent decades Esplugues has evolved fro ...
() * Parque de El Capricho, Madrid * Laberinto de Villapresente,
Cantabria Cantabria (, ; ) is an autonomous community and Provinces of Spain, province in northern Spain with Santander, Cantabria, Santander as its capital city. It is called a , a Nationalities and regions of Spain, historic community, in its current ...
. With 5,625qm, it is the largest maze in Spain. * Parque de Tentegorra,
Murcia Murcia ( , , ) is a city in south-eastern Spain, the Capital (political), capital and most populous city of the autonomous community of the Region of Murcia, and the Ranked lists of Spanish municipalities#By population, seventh largest city i ...
*
Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso The Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso (Spanish: ''Palacio Real de La Granja de San Ildefonso''), known as La Granja, is an early 18th-century palace in the small town of San Ildefonso, located in the hills near Segovia and north of Madr ...
,
Segovia Segovia ( , , ) is a city in the autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the Province of Segovia. Segovia is located in the Meseta central, Inner Pl ...
()


United Kingdom

* Blake House Craft Centre, Braintree, Essex, England (Open July–September) * Carnfunnock Country Park, Northern Ireland. A hedge maze in the shape of Northern Ireland and winner of 1985 Design a Maze competition. *
Castlewellan Castlewellan () is a small town in County Down, in the south-east of Northern Ireland close to the Irish Sea. It is beside Castlewellan Lake and Slievenaslat mountain, southwest of Downpatrick. It lies between the Mourne Mountains and Slieve ...
, Northern Ireland, world's largest permanent hedge maze *
Chatsworth House Chatsworth House is a stately home in the Derbyshire Dales, north-east of Bakewell and west of Chesterfield, Derbyshire, Chesterfield, England. The seat of the Duke of Devonshire, it has belonged to the House of Cavendish, Cavendish family si ...
garden maze, planted with 1,209 yews. * Cliveden House Originally laid out in 1894, the maze was restored and re-opened to the public in 2011, consisting of 1100 Yew trees. *
Crystal Palace Park Crystal Palace Park is a park in south-east London, Grade II* listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. It was laid out in the 1850s as a pleasure ground, centred around the re-location of The Crystal Palace – the largest glass ...
, South London. Laid out in the 1870s, this is the largest maze in London. *
Glendurgan Garden Glendurgan Garden (, meaning ''deep valley of otters'') is a National Trust garden situated above the hamlet of Durgan on the Helford River and near Mawnan Smith, in the civil parish of Mawnan, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Glendurga ...
, Cornwall. A cherry laurel hedge maze created in 1833. *
Hampton Court Maze Hampton Court Maze is a hedge maze at Hampton Court Palace and the oldest surviving hedge maze in United Kingdom, Britain. Commissioned by King William III, the maze, which is about one-third of an acre, is planted in a trapezoid shape and wa ...
. A famous historic maze in the Palace gardens. * Hever Castle Maze, Hever, Kent. Yew tree maze and a splashing water maze * Hoo Hill Maze,
Shefford, Bedfordshire Shefford is a town and civil parishes in England, civil parish in the Central Bedfordshire district of Bedfordshire, England. At the 2021 census it had a population of 7,311. It lies south-east of Bedford. Toponymy The name Shefford means "s ...
, England *
Norwich Cathedral Norwich Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, is a Church of England cathedral in the city of Norwich, Norfolk, England. The cathedral is the seat of the bishop of Norwich and the mother church of the dioc ...
, Norfolk, England. A labyrinth in the Cloister Garth. Laid to commemorate the Golden Jubilee of HM Queen Elizabeth II in 2002. * Richings Park Amazing Maize Maze, Richings Park, near Heathrow, England (Open July–September) *
Saffron Walden Saffron Walden is a market town and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England, north of Bishop's Stortford, south of Cambridge and north of London. It retains a rural appearance and some buildings of the medieval period. Th ...
, an
Essex Essex ( ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the East of England, and one of the home counties. It is bordered by Cambridgeshire and Suffolk to the north, the North Sea to the east, Kent across the Thames Estuary to the ...
town with its historic Bridge End Gardens hedge maze and the England's largest turf maze *
Saltwell Park Saltwell Park is a Victorian park in Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England. Opened in 1876, the park was designed by Edward Kemp and incorporates the mansion and associated grounds of the Saltwellgate estate owner, William Wailes, who sold his e ...
, Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, England. A yew-tree maze restored to its original condition in 2005 and open to the public during park opening hours. *
Somerleyton Hall Somerleyton Hall is a country house and estate near Somerleyton and Lowestoft in Suffolk, England owned and lived in by Hugh Crossley, 4th Baron Somerleyton, originally designed by John Thomas. The hall is Grade II* listed on the National He ...
, Suffolk, England. A yew hedge maze designed and planted in 1846 by William Nesfield. *
Traquair House Traquair House, approximately 7 miles southeast of Peebles, is claimed to be the oldest continually inhabited house in Scotland. Whilst not strictly a castle, it is built in the style of a fortified mansion. It pre-dates the Scottish Baronial s ...
, Peeblesshire, Scotland. A beech tree hedge maze designed by John Schofield. * York Maze, near
RAF Elvington Royal Air Force Elvington or more simply RAF Elvington is a former Royal Air Force satellite station which operated from the beginning of the Second World War until 1992 located at Elvington, Yorkshire, England. It is now the location of the ...
, with a different design each year


North America


Canada

*In 2012, the Kraay Family Farm in
Alberta, Canada Alberta is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province in Canada. It is a part of Western Canada and is one of the three Canadian Prairies, prairie provinces. Alberta is bordered by British Columbia to its west, Saskatchewan to its east, t ...
created the world's largest QR code in the form of a massive corn maze, popularly known as The Edmonton Corn Maze.


United States

*
The Stanley Hotel The Stanley Hotel is a 140-room Colonial Revival hotel in Estes Park, Colorado, United States, about five miles from the entrance to Rocky Mountain National Park. It was built by Freelan Oscar Stanley, co-founder of the Stanley Motor Carria ...
in
Estes Park, Colorado Estes Park () is a statutory town in Larimer County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 5,904 at the 2020 United States census. Estes Park is a part of the Fort Collins, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urb ...
in 2015 installed a 10,100-square-foot hedge maze on its front lawn, using 1,600 to 2,000 Alpine Currant hedge bushes. Previously the hotel had no maze, though one was featured prominently in the 1980 film adaption of
Stephen King Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author. Dubbed the "King of Horror", he is widely known for his horror novels and has also explored other genres, among them Thriller (genre), suspense, crime fiction, crime, scienc ...
's novel ''The Shining'', which is set at the hotel. * Dole Pineapple Plantation, Oahu. *
Tanglewood Music Center The Tanglewood Music Center is an annual summer music academy in Lenox, Massachusetts, United States, in which emerging professional musicians participate in performances, master classes and workshops. The center operates as a part of the Tanglew ...
Hedge Maze, Lenox and
Stockbridge, Massachusetts Stockbridge is a town in Berkshire County in Western Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts, Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,018 at the 2020 census. A year-round resort area, Stockbridg ...
. * The Wooz was a maze attraction opened in 1988 in Vacaville, California by Sun Creative System, a Japanese company that had seen success with the concept in Japan. Despite initial interest, high admission cost and hot summers led the park to close in 1992. The failure of the Wooz scuttled Sun Creative System's plans for additional maze attractions in the U.S.


South Africa

Chartwell Castle in Johannesburg claims to have the biggest known uninterrupted hedgerow maze in the Southern world, with over 900 conifers. It covers about 6000 sq.m. (approximately 1.5 acres), which is around 5 times bigger than The Hampton Court Maze. The center is about 12m × 12m. The maze was designed and laid out by Conrad Penny.


Caribbean


Cuba

The colonial city of
Camagüey Camagüey () is a city and municipality in central Cuba and is the nation's third-largest city with more than 333,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of the Camagüey Province. It was founded as Santa María del Puerto del Príncipe in 1514, by Sp ...
, Cuba, founded in 1528, layout resembles a real maze, with narrow, short streets always turning in one direction or another. After pirate Henry Morgan burned the city in the 17th century, it was designed like a maze so attackers would find it hard to move around inside the city. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.


South America


Brazil

* Labirinto Verde,
Nova Petrópolis Nova Petrópolis is a Municipalities of Brazil, municipality in the Southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The main seat of the municipality is also called Nova Petrópolis. It is located in the Serra Gaúcha region, at 29º22'35" Sout ...
, (Circular hedge maze built in 1989; Latitude 29°22'32.71"S Longitude 51°06'43.68"W)


In popular culture


Video games

Maze game is a
video game genre A video game genre is an informal classification of a video game based on how it is played rather than Computer graphics, visual or narrative elements. This is independent of setting (fiction), setting, unlike works of fiction that are expressed ...
first described by journalists during the 1980s to describe any game in which the entire playing field is a maze. The player must escape monsters, outrace an opponent, or navigate the maze within a time limit. After the release of
Namco was a Japanese multinational video game and entertainment company founded in 1955. It operated video arcades and amusement parks globally, and produced video games, films, toys, and arcade cabinets. Namco was one of the most influential c ...
's ''
Pac-Man ''Pac-Man,'' originally called in Japan, is a 1980 maze video game developed and published by Namco for arcades. In North America, the game was released by Midway Manufacturing as part of its licensing agreement with Namco America. The pla ...
'' in 1980, many maze games followed its conventions of completing a level by traversing all paths and a way of temporarily turning the tables on pursuers.


Television

* Both ''
Nubeluz ''Nubeluz'' was a Peruvian children's show produced by '' Panamericana Televisión'' that aired from September 8, 1990 to November 7. 1996. It aired in a total of 19 Latin American countries, as well as the United States, Turkey, the Philippines, ...
'' and '' American Gladiators'', from Peru and the United States respectively, featured a giant life-size maze used in competition. The object on both programs was for the contestants to find their way from the entrance to the exit as quickly as possible. On ''Nubeluz'', the contestants took turns running through the maze and had a maximum of 1 minute to reach the exit; on ''American Gladiators'', both contestants ran through the maze simultaneously and were given 45 seconds to find the correct solution.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IWB3x6rVmQw The maze featured on ''American Gladiators''. The giant maze was part of the game rotation on both programs concurrently, and was also retired from both programs simultaneously.


''The Shining''

* The film adaptation of
Stephen King Stephen Edwin King (born September 21, 1947) is an American author. Dubbed the "King of Horror", he is widely known for his horror novels and has also explored other genres, among them Thriller (genre), suspense, crime fiction, crime, scienc ...
's 1977 novel, '' The Shining'' (1980), includes a
scene Scene (from Greek ') may refer to: General * Scene (performing arts), a part of the story held in a single location * Scene (perception), a set of information that can flow from a physical environment into a perceptual system via sensory tran ...
featuring Jack Torrance and Danny Torrance in a hedge maze.


See also

*
Celtic maze Celtic mazes are straight-line spiral key patterns that have been drawn all over the world since prehistoric times. The patterns originate in early Celtic developments in stone and metal-work, and later in medieval Insular art. Prehistoric spiral ...
*
Stone labyrinths of Bolshoi Zayatsky Island The stone labyrinths of Bolshoi Zayatsky Island are a group of 13 or 14 labyrinths on Bolshoy Zayatsky Island, one of the Solovetsky Islands in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. Lacking standard archaeological study, a research group from Saint Petersbur ...
* Troy Town


References


Further reading

* Ettore Selli, ''"Labirinti Vegetali, la guida completa alle architetture verdi dei cinque continenti"'', Ed. Pendragon, 2020; * * * * * The definitive guide to British Mazes. * * Includes *


External links

* *
Labyrinth Society
official web page * {{Garden features Garden features Puzzles