Mata Sahib Devan (1 November 1681 – 1747, ), also known as Mata Sahib Kaur and Mata Sahib Devi, was a wife of

Guru Gobind Singh Guru Gobind Singh (; born Gobind Das; 22 December 1666 – 7 October 1708) was the tenth and last human Sikh gurus, Sikh Guru. He was a warrior, poet, and philosopher. In 1675, at the age of nine he was formally installed as the leader of the ...

Early life

She was the daughter of Har Bhagwan Devan (alias ''Ramu''), a Bassi Khatri of Rohtas,

Jhelum District Jhelum District () is a district, located partially on the Pothohar Plateau and in Indus Plain, in Punjab, Pakistan. Jhelum is one of the oldest districts of Punjab. It was established on 23 March 1849. Jhelum is known for providing many sold ...

. Mata Sahib Devan was born on 1 November 1681 at Rohtas. She was offered to be a bride of Guru Gobind Singh by her father Bhai Rama, a devout Nanak Naam Leva Sikh, and the nuptials took place on 15 April 1700 at Anandpur. In her childhood she was called Sahib Devi by her parents.

Biography

When the proposal was brought for discussion to Anandpur, the Guru at first refused, as he was married already and had four sons. The Sangat and the Guru's family agreed to the marriage, but Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru made it clear that his relationship with Mata Sahib Devan would be of a spiritual nature and not physical. The Guru proclaimed her to be the ''Mother of the Khalsa'' and since then novitiates have been declared to be the sons and daughters of

and Mātā Sāhib Devāṅ. In 1704, when the family of

was forced to break up during the Battle of Sarsa, Mata Sundari and Mata Sahib Kaur dressed like ordinary village women and headed toward Ambala, hoping to find shelter, Nand Lal escorted them to Delhi using his good connections with powerful nobles, he protected them from Wazir Khan, the Mughal governor of

Sirhind Sirhind is a Twin cities, twin city of Fatehgarh Sahib in Punjab, India, Punjab, India. It is hosts the municipal council of Fatehgarh Sahib district. Demographics In the 2011 census of India, 2011 census Sirhind-Fatehgarh had a population of ...

. Mata Sahib Devan died in 1747 at the age of 66 and was cremated at Gurdwara Bala Sahib, New Delhi. Her memorial stands close to the one commemorating Mata Sundari.

Presence during Amrit Sanchaar

There are different views among Sikh historians on her presence during this event. According to Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha in the

Mahan Kosh ''Guru Shabad Ratnakar Mahan Kosh'' (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਸ਼ਬਦ ਰਤਨਾਕਰ ਮਹਾਨ ਕੋਸ਼), known by its more popular name of ''Mahan Kosh'' (ਮਹਾਨ ਕੋਸ਼) and by the English title ''Encyclopædia of the Sikh ...

, Mata Sahib Devan was present during the creation of Khalsa Panth and participated in making Pahul by adding sugar wafers but the Twarikh Guru Khalsa refutes this claim.Twarikh Guru Khalsa, Page 177, Topic: Teesri Shadi The Twarikh states that Guru Gobind Singh's first wife, Mata Jito, put sugar wafers in the Pahul and that Mata Sahib Devan was not married to Guru Gobind Singh at that time.

Role in the Khalsa Panth

She is mother of whole Khalsa Panth, when a Sikh becomes amritdhari (baptized), Guru Gobind Singh is their father and Mata Sahib kaur is their mother.

In popular culture

''Supreme Motherhood: The Journey of Mata Sahib Kaur'', a 2022 animated film by Nihal Nihal Nihal Productions and

Zee Studios Zee Studios is an Indian film production and distribution company, that specializes in film, streaming, and television, content development and production. It also specializes in film marketing and distribution. It is based in Mumbai, India, ...

, depicts the life of Mata Sahib Kaur, from a young girl to becoming the "Mother of the

Khalsa The term ''Khalsa'' refers to both a community that follows Sikhism as its religion,Khalsa: Sikhism< ...

References