Masoud Pezeshkian (, ; born 29 September 1954) is an Iranian politician and physician who has been serving as the ninth

president of Iran The president of the Islamic Republic of Iran () is the head of government of the Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran and the second highest-ranking official, after the Supreme Leader of Iran, supreme leader. The 1980 Iranian presidential election, fi ...

since 28 July 2024. Pezeshkian served as governor of

Piranshahr Piranshahr (, Kurdish: ''Pîranşar'' or ''Khane'') is a city in the Central District of Piranshahr County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Etymology According to the Arab geogr ...

and

Naghadeh Naqadeh () is a city in the Central District of Naqadeh County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Etymology Naqadeh is the current name of the town (and county). The former name, known ...

counties and was elected to the Iranian parliament five times, representing Tabriz, Osku and Azarshahr electoral district. He was

Minister of Health and Medical Education The Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) has executive responsibility for health and medical education within the Iranian government. The MOHME comprises five departments headed by deputy ministers: Healthcare in Iran, Health, Scienc ...

between 2001 and 2005 in the Government of

Mohammad Khatami Mohammad Khatami (born 14 October 1943) is an Iranian politician and Shia cleric who served as the fifth president of Iran from 3 August 1997 to 3 August 2005. He also served as Iran's Minister of Culture from 1982 to 1992. Later, he was critic ...

. He ran in the 2013 presidential election, but withdrew. He was rejected from running in the

2021 Iranian presidential election Presidential elections were held in Iran on 18 June 2021, the thirteenth since the establishment of the Islamic Republic in 1979. Ebrahim Raisi, the then Chief Justice of Iran, was declared the winner in a highly controversial election. The ele ...

. He won the

2024 presidential election This is a list of elections that were held in 2024. The National Democratic Institute also maintains a calendar of elections around the world. *2024 United Nations Security Council election *2024 national electoral calendar *2024 local electoral ...

on 5 July in a runoff with 54.76% of the popular vote. He became the President of Iran on 28 July 2024. He is the oldest person to serve in this position, taking office at the age of 69.

Early life and education

Pezeshkian was born in

Mahabad Mahabad () is a city in the Central District of Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Etymology Mahabad first became the name of the city after World War I, during the ...

West Azerbaijan West Azerbaijan province () is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, provinces of Iran, whose capital and largest city is Urmia. It is in the Azerbaijan (Iran), northwest of the country, bordered by Turkey (Ağrı Province, Ağrı, Hakkâri Pr ...

, on 29 September 1954 to

Iranian Azerbaijani Iranian Azerbaijanis (; ) are the largest ethnic minority of Iran. They are primarily found in and are native to the Iranian Azerbaijan region including provinces of (East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan, West Azerbaijan) Pezeshkian considers himself and his parents to be

Turks Turk or Turks may refer to: Communities and ethnic groups * Turkish people, or the Turks, a Turkic ethnic group and nation * Turkish citizen, a citizen of the Republic of Turkey * Turkic peoples, a collection of ethnic groups who speak Turkic lang ...

. In 1973, he received his

diploma A diploma is a document awarded by an educational institution (such as a college or university) testifying the recipient has graduated by successfully completing their courses of studies. Historically, it has also referred to a charter or offi ...

and moved to

Zabol Zabol () is a city in the Central District of Zabol County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Zabol is near the border with Afghanistan. Demographics Language and ethnicity The ...

to serve his conscription duty. It was during this time that he became interested in

medicine Medicine is the science and Praxis (process), practice of caring for patients, managing the Medical diagnosis, diagnosis, prognosis, Preventive medicine, prevention, therapy, treatment, Palliative care, palliation of their injury or disease, ...

. After completing his service, he returned to his home province, where he entered

Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TUOMS) ( Persian: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز, ''Daneshgah-e o'lum-e Pezeshki-ye Tebriz'') is public medical university located in Tabriz, East Azarbaijan Province, Iran. It is ranked as o ...

and graduated with a degree in medicine. During the

Iran–Iraq War The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. Active hostilities began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for nearly eight years, unti ...

(1980–1988), Pezeshkian frequently visited the front lines, where he was responsible for sending medical teams and working as a fighter and doctor. He finished his

general practitioner A general practitioner (GP) is a doctor who is a Consultant (medicine), consultant in general practice. GPs have distinct expertise and experience in providing whole person medical care, whilst managing the complexity, uncertainty and risk ass ...

course in 1985, and started teaching

physiology Physiology (; ) is the science, scientific study of function (biology), functions and mechanism (biology), mechanisms in a life, living system. As a branches of science, subdiscipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ syst ...

at the medical college. After the war, Pezeshkian continued his education, specializing in

general surgery General surgery is a Surgical specialties, surgical specialty that focuses on alimentary canal and Abdomen, abdominal contents including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, Appendix (anatomy ...

. In 1993, he received a

subspecialty A subspecialty or subspeciality (see spelling differences) is a narrow field of professional knowledge/skills within a specialty of trade, and is most commonly used to describe the increasingly more diverse medical specialties. A subspecialist is ...

in cardiac surgery from

Iran University of Medical Sciences Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nor ...

. He later became a specialist in heart surgery, leading him to become president of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences from 1994 to 1999.

Political career

In 1997, Pezeshkian's political career began when he joined

's administration as Deputy Health Minister. He was the Iranian Health Minister from 2001 to 2005. Then he was elected to the

Iranian parliament The Islamic Consultative Assembly (), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the unicameral national legislative body of Iran. The parliament currently consists of 290 representatives, an i ...

in five terms, from 2008 to 2024, representing Tabriz, Osku and Azarshahr. He served as the First Deputy Speaker of the parliament from 2016 to 2020. He advocated that Turkic (''Turk Dili'') language education should be free in Iran. In 2016, he was elected as the head of the Fraction of Turkic regions in the

, which was established to support the right to education in Turkic, the first group in history of Iran to be established with an ethnic name in the Iranian parliament.

Presidency (2024–present)

On 6 July 2024, Pezeshkian was elected

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...

after winning the 5 July run-off of the

with 16.3 million votes (53.7%) to

Saeed Jalili Saeed Jalili (; born 6 September 1965) is an Iranian politician and diplomat, who was secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 2007 to 2013. He is currently a member of the Expediency Discernment Council, and is the former nucl ...

's 13.5 million (44.3%). He was formally appointed as the president by the Supreme Leader of Iran

Ali Khamenei Ali Hosseini Khamenei (; born 19 April 1939) is an Iranian cleric and politician who has served as the second supreme leader of Iran since 1989. He previously served as the third President of Iran, president from 1981 to 1989. Khamenei's tenure ...

on 28 July 2024, and was sworn in before the Iranian parliament on 30 July. After taking office, Pezeshkian retained

Mohammad Eslami Mohammad Eslami (; born 23 September 1956) is the vice president and head of the Atomic Energy Organization in the government of President Raisi and was the Minister of Roads and Urban development and the Governor of Mazandaran province in the ...

as Vice President and head of the Atomic Energy Organization, while appointing the former First

Vice President of Iran First vice president of Iran () is defined by article 124 of the Constitution of Iran as anyone appointed by the President of Iran to lead an organization related to presidential affairs in Iran. , there are fourteen vice presidents. The first vic ...

Mohammad Reza Aref Mohammad Reza Aref (, born 19 December 1951) is an Iranian engineer, academic and reformist politician who is the eighth and current first vice president of Iran since 2024, under President Masoud Pezeshkian. He is also currently member of the E ...

and former Vice President and head of the

Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs The Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs ( ''Bonyad Shahid va Omur-e Ithargaran'') is an Iranian foundation that receives its funding directly from the national budget. Saeed Ohadi is the current director of the organization. The Foundati ...

Saeed Ohadi back to their posts, in addition to appointing former Education Minister

Mohsen Haji-Mirzaei Mohsen Haji-Mirzaei (, born 1959) is an Iranian politician and has serves as the chief of staff of the president of Iran since 28 July 2024. He is also Iran's former Minister of Education. Mirzaei was nominated by Hassan Rouhani to succeed Moham ...

as his chief of staff, former foreign minister

Mohammad Javad Zarif Mohammad Javad Zarif (; born 8 January 1960) is an Iranian career diplomat and academic. He served as the vice president for strategic affairs from August 2024 to March 2025.Ali Tayebnia as his senior adviser, Hamid Pourmohammadi as Vice President and head of the

Plan and Budget Organization Plan and Budget Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran (abbreviated as PBO) () is a governmental department of the Government of Iran. It is administered and funded by the Presidency of I.R. Iran. The Plan and Budget Organization (PBO), for ...

Shahram Dabiri Oskuei Shahram Dabiri Oskuei (; born 1960) is an Iranian politician, physician, sporting director, professor. He also served as Vice President of Iran for Parliamentary Affairs from 2024 to 2025. He was former board of directors Iran Football Federatio ...

as his deputy for parliamentary affairs, Hossein Afshin as Vice President for Science, Technology and Knowledge-based Affairs, and Zahra Behrouz Azar, a critic of the

Guidance Patrol The Guidance Patrol () or morality police is an Islamic religious police force and vice squad in the Law Enforcement Command of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Its role is to enforce Sharia law as defined by Iranian legislation, with a particula ...

, as the Vice President for Women and Family Affairs. Following Iran's threats to attack Israel for the

assassination of Ismail Haniyeh On 31 July 2024, Ismail Haniyeh, the political leader of Hamas, was assassinated along with his personal bodyguard in the Iranian capital Tehran by an Israeli attack. Haniyeh was killed in his accommodation in a military-run guesthouse after a ...

in July 2024, Pezeshkian reportedly urged Khamenei to reconsider, warning of severe consequences to Iran's economy and infrastructure if an attack was carried out. According to ''

The Telegraph ''The Telegraph'', ''Daily Telegraph'', ''Sunday Telegraph'' and other variant names are often names for newspapers. Newspapers with these titles include: Australia * The Telegraph (Adelaide), ''The Telegraph'' (Adelaide), a newspaper in Adelaid ...

'', Pezeshkian clashed with the

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), also known as the Iranian Revolutionary Guards, is a multi-service primary branch of the Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces, Iranian Armed Forces. It was officially established by Ruhollah Khom ...

, who pushed for a direct strike on Israel, while he advocated for targeting Israeli bases in neighboring countries in order to avoid a full-scale war. Pezeshkian stated that Iran had a right to retaliate against Israel for the attack. The names of the 19 ministers nominated as part of Pezeshkian's cabinet were announced on 11 August 2024. Soon after the announcement, Zarif announced his resignation in protest against the composition of the cabinet. On 21 August, the parliament approved the entire cabinet, the first time it had done so since 2001. The cabinet consisted of ministers who were selected by Pezeshkian to appease all the camps of Iranian politics, including Farzaneh Sadegh, the second woman to become a minister of Iran after the 1979

Iranian Revolution The Iranian Revolution (, ), also known as the 1979 Revolution, or the Islamic Revolution of 1979 (, ) was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Impe ...

, and

Abbas Araghchi Sayyid Abbas Araghchi (, ; also spelled Araqchi, born 5 December 1962) is an Iranian diplomat and politician, who is the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Iran since August 2024. He previously served as the Spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign A ...

, who helped negotiate the 2015 nuclear deal agreement. Pezeshkian's first international visit as President was to Iraq in September 2024. The trip came amidst worsening relations between Iran and the United States, both of whom are allies of Iraq, due to an escalation in back-and-forth attacks between the US and pro-Iranian militias during the

Gaza war The Gaza war is an armed conflict in the Gaza Strip and southern Israel fought since 7 October 2023. A part of the unresolved Israeli–Palestinian conflict, Israeli–Palestinian and Gaza–Israel conflict, Gaza–Israel conflicts dating ...

. He also met with leaders of

Iraqi Kurdistan Iraqi Kurdistan or Southern Kurdistan () refers to the Kurds, Kurdish-populated part of northern Iraq. It is considered one of the four parts of Greater Kurdistan in West Asia, which also includes parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdist ...

Erbil Erbil (, ; , ), also called Hawler (, ), is the capital and most populated city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The city is the capital of the Erbil Governorate. Human settlement at Erbil may be dated back to the 5th millennium BC. At the h ...

. After the explosions of pagers carried by

Hezbollah Hezbollah ( ; , , ) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council, and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament. I ...

members in Lebanon in September 2024 which came amidst heightened tensions between Iran and Israel, Pezeshkian stated that Iran was willing to ease hostilies in return for Israel doing the same. Iran however launched missiles against Israel in October 2024 following assassinations of Iranian commander

Abbas Nilforoushan Abbas Nilforoushan (; 1966 – 27 September 2024) was an Iranian brigadier general of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), who served as Deputy of Operations. He began his military career in 1980 with the Basij, then joined the I ...

along with

leaders including

Hassan Nasrallah Hassan Nasrallah (, ; 31 August 196027 September 2024) was a Lebanese cleric and politician who served as the third secretary-general of Hezbollah, a Shia Islamist political party and militia, from 1992 until his assassination in 2024. Bor ...

, and the Israeli invasion of

southern Lebanon Southern Lebanon () is the area of Lebanon comprising the South Governorate and the Nabatiye Governorate. The two entities were divided from the same province in the early 1990s. The Rashaya and Western Beqaa districts, the southernmost distr ...

. Pezeshkian stated that the missile strikes were a response to Israel's aggression and warned it against getting involved in a conflict with Iran.

Views

Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps

Pezeshkian is a supporter of the

(IRGC), and has called its current incarnation "different from the past". He condemned the declaration of the IRGC as a terrorist organization by the

Trump administration Presidency of Donald Trump may refer to: * First presidency of Donald Trump, the United States presidential administration from 2017 to 2021 * Second presidency of Donald Trump, the United States presidential administration since 2025 See also * ...

in 2019. After the 2019 Iranian shoot-down of an American drone, Pezeshkian called the American government "terrorist" and described the IRGC's action to target the drone as "a strong punch to the mouths of the leaders of criminal America". In June 2024 during a university meeting and in response to some criticisms, Pezeshkian put on an IRGC uniform, and said that he would wear it again as the IRGC is the "reason for the country remaining unified" .

Anti-government protests

Pezeshkian has criticized the Iranian system multiple times. During the 2009 post-election protests, in a speech, Pezeshkian criticized the way the protesters were treated. In his speech, he mentioned the words of the first Shiite Imam nowiki/>Ali">Ali.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Ali">nowiki/>Aliaddressed to Malik al-Ashtar">Malik Ashtar Malik al-Ashtar (), also known as Mālik bin al-Ḥārith al-Nakhaʿīy al-Maḏḥijīy () was, according to Sunni view, one of the people involved behind Uthman's assassination. While, according to Shias, he was one of the loyal companions of A ...

not to treat people "like a wild animal". Pezeshkian considered Iran's method of managing the 2018 protests Eighteen or 18 may refer to: * 18 (number) * One of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018 Film, television and entertainment * ''18'' (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the short story ''God's Dice'' * ''Eighteen'' (film), a 20 ...

as "scientifically and intellectually wrong". He blamed the country's system for all the events and said: "We should have done better." After the

2022 protests, Pezeshkian demanded the creation of an assessment and clarification team regarding the Death of Mahsa Amini">death Death is the end of life; the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism. Death eventually and inevitably occurs in all organisms. The remains of a former organism normally begin to decompose sh ...

of Mahsa Amini. Although he considered the way of dealing with the protesters and their trial to be contrary to the constitution and demanded that the defendants should get lawyers, he later issued a statement, condemned the protests and did not consider it to be in the people's interest.

Foreign policy

Pezeshkian has supported restarting discussions with the United States over the

nuclear program of Iran The nuclear program of Iran is one of the most scrutinized nuclear programs in the world. The military capabilities of the program are possible through its mass enrichment activities in facilities such as Natanz and Arak. In June 2025, t ...

, vowing to revive the

agreement Agreement may refer to: Agreements between people and organizations * Gentlemen's agreement, not enforceable by law * Trade agreement, between countries * Consensus (disambiguation), a decision-making process * Contract, enforceable in a court of ...

Iran reached with the U.S. and other world powers in 2015, in exchange for lifting the international sanctions against it. He has supported building amicable relationships with all countries except for

Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

, stating that Iran would keep supporting the "

Axis of Resistance The Axis of Resistance is an informal coalition of Iranian-supported militant and political organizations across the Middle East. Formed by Iran, it unites actors committed to countering the influence of the United States and Israel in the regio ...

" against it. After taking office as president, he stated that Iran would continue to support the Palestinians in the

Israeli–Palestinian conflict The Israeli–Palestinian conflict is an ongoing military and political conflict about Territory, land and self-determination within the territory of the former Mandatory Palestine. Key aspects of the conflict include the Israeli occupation ...

. Pezeshkian accused Israel of committing genocide against Palestinians in the Gaza Strip. Pezeshkian also defended the Iranian missile program, stating that it was necessary for the country's defense from Israel, and demanded that the latter be disarmed first for negotiations with the United States and its allies over the issue.

Ethnic views and women affairs

Pezeshkian emphasizes the rights of ethnic groups such as

Azeris Azerbaijanis (; , ), Azeris (, ), or Azerbaijani Turks (, ) are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Azerbaijan region of northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan. They are predominantly Shia Muslims. They comprise the largest ...

Kurds Kurds (), or the Kurdish people, are an Iranian peoples, Iranic ethnic group from West Asia. They are indigenous to Kurdistan, which is a geographic region spanning southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northeastern Syri ...

, and

Baluchis The Baloch ( ) or Baluch ( ; , plural ) are a nomadic, pastoral, ethnic group which speaks the Western Iranic Balochi language and is native to the Balochistan region of South and Western Asia, encompassing the countries of Pakistan, Iran, and ...

and states that the rights of these groups should be protected. He supports the implementation of Article 15 of the Iranian Constitution for all ethnicities. This principle says: "The official and common language and script of the people of Iran is Persian. Documents, correspondence, official texts and textbooks must be in this language and script, but the use of local and ethnic languages in the press and mass media and the teaching of their literature in schools is free, along with the Persian language." He argues that the implementation of this principle mitigates separatist and dissident motivations. Pezeshkian also supports teaching of the

Azerbaijani language Azerbaijani ( ; , , ) or Azeri ( ), also referred to as Azerbaijani Turkic or Azerbaijani Turkish (, , ), is a Turkic languages, Turkic language from the Oghuz languages, Oghuz sub-branch. It is spoken primarily by the Azerbaijanis, Azerbaij ...

in Iranian schools. Pezeshkian significantly increased the number of women and people from diverse ethnic and religious backgrounds in his government, as he had promised during the election campaign. He appointed two women as Vice Presidents, one woman as a minister, and another woman as the government's spokesperson. Additionally, he appointed a Sunni politician as Vice President of Rural Development, the first ever Sunni governor of state, and several vice ministers. Numerous women have been appointed as state and city governors across the country.

Personal life

Pezeshkian's wife was a

gynecologist Gynaecology or gynecology (see American and British English spelling differences) is the area of medicine concerned with conditions affecting the female reproductive system. It is often paired with the field of obstetrics, which focuses on pre ...

. In 1994, she died along with their youngest son in a car crash. He raised his remaining two sons and daughter alone and has never remarried. His daughter, Zahra, has a

master's degree A master's degree (from Latin ) is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional prac ...

chemistry Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules a ...

from

Sharif University of Technology Sharif University of Technology (SUT); (, romanized : Dāneshgāh-e sana'ti-e sharif) is a public research university in Tehran, Iran. It is widely considered to be the nation's most prestigious and leading institution for science, technology ...

, and was working at Jam Petrochemical before the Rouhani government came to power. She is also regarded as a political adviser. Pezeshkian is a teacher of the

Quran The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which ...

, and a reciter of the ''

Nahj al-balagha () is the best-known collection of sermons, letters, and sayings attributed to Ali, Ali ibn Abi Talib (), the fourth Rashidun Caliphate, Rashidun caliph (), the first Imamate in Shia doctrine, Shia imam, and the cousin and son-in-law of the P ...

'', a key text for

Shia Muslims Shia Islam is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib () as both his political Succession to Muhammad, successor (caliph) and as the spiritual le ...

. In addition to

Persian Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the ...

, Pezeshkian speaks Azerbaijani,

Kurdish Kurdish may refer to: *Kurds or Kurdish people *Kurdish language ** Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji) **Central Kurdish (Sorani) **Southern Kurdish ** Laki Kurdish *Kurdish alphabets *Kurdistan, the land of the Kurdish people which includes: **Southern ...

Arabic Arabic (, , or , ) is a Central Semitic languages, Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns lang ...

and

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Culture, language and peoples * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England * ''English'', an Amish ter ...

. Pezeshkian is a fan of

Tractor S.C. Tractor Cultural Sports Club (, ''Bâšgâh-e Farhangi Varzeši-ye Terâktor''), commonly known as Tractor, formerly Tractor Sazi, is an Iranian professional football club based in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, that competes in the Persian Gulf Pro ...

References

External links

* , - , - {{DEFAULTSORT:Pezeshkian, Masoud 1954 births Living people 20th-century Iranian physicians 21st-century Iranian physicians 21st-century Iranian politicians Academic staff of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Deputies of Tabriz, Osku and Azarshahr First deputies of Islamic Consultative Assembly Presidents of Iran Government ministers of Iran Impeached Iranian officials Iranian Azerbaijanis Iranian Kurdish people Iranian reformists Iranian cardiac surgeons Iranian surgeons Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps personnel of the Iran–Iraq War Members of the 8th Islamic Consultative Assembly Members of the 9th Islamic Consultative Assembly Members of the 10th Islamic Consultative Assembly Members of the 11th Islamic Consultative Assembly People from Mahabad Politicians from Tabriz Tabriz University of Medical Sciences alumni University of Tehran alumni