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Mahabad
Mahabad () is a city in the Central District of Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Etymology Mahabad first became the name of the city after World War I, during the reign of Reza Shah (). Before that, it was known as Savojbolagh, a Persian corruption of the Turkic word ''soghuk bulak'' (meaning "cold spring"). The Kurdish version was Sablagh. Geography Location The city lies south of Lake Urmia in a narrow valley 1,300 metres above sea level. Mahabad is bordered by the counties of Oromie and Miandoab to the north, by the counties of Piranshahr and Naqadeh to the west and the northwest respectively, by the county of Sardasht to the southwest and by the county of Bukan to the east. History Savojbolagh is first attested in the 16th century, during the Safavid era. Mukri Kurds participated in several wars between the Safavid dynasty and Ottoman Empire, and gained more predominance. In th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahabad County
Mahabad County () is in West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Mahabad Mahabad () is a city in the Central District of Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Etymology Mahabad first became the name of the city after World War I, during the .... History After the 2006 National Census, the village of Khalifan was elevated to the status of a city. Demographics Population At the time of the 2006 census, the county's population was 197,441 in 42,493 households. The following census in 2011 counted 215,529 people in 53,563 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the county as 236,849 in 65,562 households. Administrative divisions Mahabad County's population history and administrative structure over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table. Geography The climate is mountainous with cold winters and temperate summers. Mahabad river flows throu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Azerbaijan Province
West Azerbaijan province () is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, whose capital and largest city is Urmia. It is in the northwest of the country, bordered by Turkey ( Ağrı, Hakkâri, Iğdır and Van Provinces), Iraq ( Erbil and Sulaymaniyah Governorates) and Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic The Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (, ) is a landlocked country, landlocked Enclave and exclave, exclave of the Azerbaijan, Republic of Azerbaijan. The region covers Official portal of Nakhchivan Autonomous RepublicNakhchivan Autonomous Republi ..., as well as the Iranian provinces of East Azerbaijan province, East Azerbaijan, Zanjan province, Zanjan, and Kurdistan province, Kurdistan. West Azerbaijan province is part of Regions of Iran, Region Region 3, Iran, 3. It is separated from Armenia by Turkey's short border with the Azerbaijan Republic. The province covers an area of 39,487 km2, or 43,660 km2 including Lake Urmia. History The major known anci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central District (Mahabad County)
The Central District of Mahabad County () is in West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Mahabad Mahabad () is a city in the Central District of Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Etymology Mahabad first became the name of the city after World War I, during the .... Demographics Population At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 179,697 in 39,752 households. The following census in 2011 counted 198,757 people in 50,507 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 222,069 inhabitants in 61,895 households. Administrative divisions See also References Districts of West Azerbaijan province Populated places in Mahabad County {{Mahabad-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qazi Muhammad
Qazi Muhammad (, ; 1 May 1893 – 31 March 1947) was an Iranian Kurdish Islamic cleric and political leader who founded the Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan (PDKI) and was the first president of the short-lived, Soviet-backed, though internationally unrecognized, secessionist Republic of Mahabad. He was hanged by the Iranian government for treason in 1947. Biography Qazi Muhammad was born into a noble Sunni Kurdish family from Mahabad. His father, Sheikh Saeed Qazi, was from the Shamsaddini tribe from Mahabad, and a Naqshbandi sheikh who owned land and played a key role in the religious and political affairs of the region. His father had cooperated with Simko Shikak during his revolt against the Iranian government in the 1920s, and his brother Sadr Qazi was a member of the Iranian parliament. After finishing his traditional Islamic studies, Qazi Muhammad became a Sharia judge, making him both a spiritual leader and legal authority. Qazi Muhammad later became a membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mokryan
Mukriyan () or 'Deryaz' was a Kurdish principality from the late 14th century to the 19th century centered around Mahabad. Mukriyan was a neighbor to the Emirate of Bradost. Geography and tribes Mukriyan encompassed the area south of Lake Urmia, including the cities of Mahabad, Bukan, Sardasht and Oshnaviyeh with the city of Naqadeh historically being included in Mukriyan, though today Kurds only make up approximately 35% of the city. The city of Saqqez is culturally very similar to Mukriyan, though politically it acted more as its own city-state under the Principality of Ardalan, though as an autonomous vassal and not a part of Ardalani central control. A few tribes include Dehbruki, Gewirk, Mangur, Mukri, Bilbas, Amireh, Khelki, Sheikh Sherefi, Selekei, Ḥasan Khāli, Kārish, Silki, Sekir, Fekiyesi, Ables, Bārik, Soleimāni, Beyi, Omerbil, Merzink, Lētāu Māwet, and Shiwezāi. History Before Mukris, the region was ruled by Hadhabanis; the region is also in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miandoab
Miandoab () is a city in the Central District (Miandoab County), Central District of Miandoab County, West Azerbaijan province, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Demographics Language and ethnicity Miandoab is largely populated by Azerbaijanis, but also populated by Kurds. Population At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 112,933 in 29,207 households. The following census in 2011 counted 123,081 people in 35,066 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 134,425 people in 41,459 households. History Battle of Miandoab In 1921, Miandoab was the site of a significant battle during the Simko Shikak revolt (1918–1922), Kurdish uprising led by Simko Shikak. His forces, numbering several thousand and reinforced by Kurds in Turkey, Turkish Kurds, defeated Qajar Iran, Iranian government troops and took control of the city. The battle marked the height of Simko's power during ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counties Of Iran
Iran's counties (, Romanization, romanized as ''šahrestân'') are administrative divisions of larger Provinces of Iran, provinces (''ostan''). The word ''shahrestan'' comes from the Persian words ' (city) and ' ("place, land"). "County", therefore, is a near equivalent to (šahrestân). Counties are divided into one or more districts ( ). A typical district includes both cities ( ) and rural districts ( ), which are groupings of adjacent villages. One city within the county serves as the capital of that county, generally in its Central District. Each county is governed by an office known as ''farmândâri'', which coordinates different public events and agencies and is headed by a ''farmândâr'', the governor of the county and the highest-ranking official in the division. Among the provinces of Iran, Fars province, Fars has the highest number of ''shahrestans'' (37), while Qom province, Qom has the fewest (3). In 2005 Iran had 324 ''shahrestans'', while in as of now there ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naqadeh
Naqadeh () is a city in the Central District of Naqadeh County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Etymology Naqadeh is the current name of the town (and county). The former name, known as Solduz (also spelled Sulduz, in Kurdish: Sundus), in reference to the Mongol Sulduz tribe, may have replaced an older name (now lost) during the reign of the Ilkhanid ruler Ghazan in 1303. History In 1303, during the reign of Ilkhanid ruler Ghazan, the area comprising Naqadeh County was distributed in fiefs. According to the orientalist Vladimir Minorsky (died 1966), citing the 16th-century Kurdish prince and writer Sharafkhan Bidlisi, during the rule of the Turkoman Aq Qoyunlu and Qara Qoyunlu (in about the 15th century), the Kurds of the Mukri occupied the county of Naqadeh, and its old inhabitants were most likely "reduced to servitude". Minorsky, citing a mutilated and undated part of Bidlisi's work, narrates that a certain Budak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lake Urmia
Lake Urmia is an endorheic salt lake in Iran. The lake is located between the provinces of East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan in Iran, and west of the southern portion of the Caspian Sea. At its greatest extent, it was the largest lake in the Middle East. It is the sixth-largest saltwater lake on Earth, with a surface area of approximately , a length of , a width of , and a maximum depth of . By late 2017, the lake had shrunk to 10% of its former size (and 1/60 of water volume in 1998) due to persistent general drought in Iran, but also the damming of the local rivers that flow into it, and the pumping of groundwater from the surrounding area. This dry spell was broken in 2019 and the lake is now filling up once again, due to both increased rain and water diversion from the Zab River under the Urmia Lake Research Programme. Lake Urmia, along with its approximately 102 (former) islands, is protected as a national park by the Iranian Department of Environment. Names and et ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish Language
Kurdish (, , ) is a Northwestern Iranian languages, Northwestern Iranian language or dialect continuum, group of languages spoken by Kurds in the region of Kurdistan, namely in southeast Turkish Kurdistan, Turkey, northern Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq, northwest Iranian Kurdistan, Iran, and northern Syrian Kurdistan, Syria. It is also spoken in northeast Iran, as well as in certain areas of Armenia and Azerbaijan. Kurdish Variety (linguistics), varieties constitute a dialect continuum, with some Mutual intelligibility, mutually unintelligible varieties, and collectively have 26 million native speakers. The main varieties of Kurdish are Kurmanji, Sorani, and Southern Kurdish (). The majority of the Kurds speak Kurmanji, and most Kurdish texts are written in Kurmanji and Sorani. Kurmanji is written in the Hawar alphabet, a derivation of the Latin script, and Sorani is written in the Sorani alphabet, a derivation of the Arabic script. A separate group of non-Kurdish Northwestern I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Safavid Iran
The Guarded Domains of Iran, commonly called Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire, was one of the largest and longest-lasting Iranian empires. It was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often considered the beginning of History of Iran, modern Iranian history, as well as one of the gunpowder empires. The Safavid List of monarchs of Persia, Shāh Ismail I, Ismā'īl I established the Twelver denomination of Shia Islam, Shīʿa Islam as the Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam, official religion of the empire, marking one of the most important turning points in the history of Islam. An Iranian dynasty rooted in the Sufi Safavid order founded by sheikhs claimed by some sources to be of Kurds, Kurdish origin, it heavily intermarried with Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman, Georgians, Georgian, Circassians, Circassian, and Pontic Greeks, Pontic GreekAnthony Bryer. "Greeks and Türkmens: The Pontic Exception", ''Dumbarton Oaks Papers, Vol. 29'' (1975), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurdish Languages
Kurdish (, , ) is a Northwestern Iranian language or group of languages spoken by Kurds in the region of Kurdistan, namely in southeast Turkey, northern Iraq, northwest Iran, and northern Syria. It is also spoken in northeast Iran, as well as in certain areas of Armenia and Azerbaijan. Kurdish varieties constitute a dialect continuum, with some mutually unintelligible varieties, and collectively have 26 million native speakers. The main varieties of Kurdish are Kurmanji, Sorani, and Southern Kurdish (). The majority of the Kurds speak Kurmanji, and most Kurdish texts are written in Kurmanji and Sorani. Kurmanji is written in the Hawar alphabet, a derivation of the Latin script, and Sorani is written in the Sorani alphabet, a derivation of the Arabic script. A separate group of non-Kurdish Northwestern Iranian languages, the Zaza–Gorani languages, are also spoken by several million ethnic Kurds.Kaya, Mehmet. The Zaza Kurds of Turkey: A Middle Eastern Minority i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
